ESW is an initiative of the American Geosciences Institute (AGI). NASA is a partner in ESW, collaborating with AGI's Center for Science and Society and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES).", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 370969, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/svsdb-esw2015index/#media_group_370969", "widget": "Tile gallery", "title": "Blogs", "caption": "", "description": "View the Reading Strategies Guide for Visualizing Earth Systems Blogs.", "items": [ { "id": 408151, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4361, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4361/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Does What Happens in the Arctic Stay in the Arctic?", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.It all began with my fourth grade teacher, Mrs. Benner. Back then my school had a weather station and one day she had asked me to collect wind speed and temperature data. I soon found myself in charge of the morning weather forecast and soon this was my favorite part of the day. Little did I know that in the years that would follow, I’d pursue my passion for clouds and meteorology to become a research scientist at NASA. Working at NASA is every bit as cool as it sounds! Everyday is different and I always find myself working with new scientific tools to uncover mysteries about our planet Earth. Lately I’ve been studying the cryosphere, or the world’s frozen places, where I’m using scientific visualizations to understand the impacts of climate change in the Arctic. In particular I’m focusing on melting sea ice to understand how it affects Arctic cloud formation.Arctic clouds are made up of tiny liquid droplets and ice particles that form from condensation and then freezing of water vapor. Water vapor is a necessary ingredient for Arctic cloud formation, and evaporation from the Arctic Ocean can serve as an important source of water vapor. But when sea ice sits on the Arctic Ocean it acts as a lid that prevents evaporation and may limit Arctic cloud formation. Over the past decade the amount of Arctic sea ice has declined dramatically and we think this trend may be influencing Arctic cloud formation.I created a visualization showing the hypothesized response of clouds to melting in sea ice (below). The difference between the left panel, \"Current Conditions,\" and the right panel, \"Future Conditions,\" is that less sea ice in the future leads to more evaporation, and more evaporation leads to more water vapor and increased cloudiness. This hypothesis is where I base my research, using state-of-the-art NASA satellite instruments including CALIPSO and CloudSAT. || ", "release_date": "2015-09-28T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:17.558135-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439287, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004361/figure3_print.jpg", "filename": "figure3_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Fig. 3. Animation of the Ice Albedo FeedbackFor more information, click here.Credit: NASA/GSFC Conceptual Image Lab", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } }, { "id": 408152, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4366, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4366/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "The Chesapeake Bay in 661 Million Pixels", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.Imagine you're flying 438 miles above the Earth taking pictures and collecting information of everything below. What do you see? Now imagine you’ve been doing this non-stop for over 40 years. Do you notice any change? A satellite series named Landsat has been doing exactly that. As a NASA scientist, I've been using Landsat-8 (the current satellite) data for a long time. Yet it's still amazing to create images of salt reflecting a brilliant white in a natural color scene, or seeing it turn a beautiful cyan using an infrared perspective. With the right tools I can discern patterns in the salt or make visible the phytoplankton dancing on the blue ocean. I've observed cities grow, forests recover from fire, islands form, and more. Our world is constantly changing.When sunlight hits the Earth's surface, it is absorbed, reflected, or scattered, resulting in different wavelengths of light leaving the Earth. Landsat-8 measures the visible and infrared wavelengths in 30-meter pixels and in order to \"see\" the image, we assign particular colors to different wavelengths. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-16T16:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-05T22:48:03.725088-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 439235, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004366/ChesapeakeBaysmall_print.jpg", "filename": "ChesapeakeBaysmall_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The stunning Landsat-8 scene of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed! (Taylor, 2015)", "width": 1024, "height": 1424, "pixels": 1458176 } } }, { "id": 408153, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4386, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4386/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Beyond Graphs: You, Too, Can Be A Data Visualizer!", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.As an education specialist for NASA, I help teachers and students access and make sense of data. This often means using a type of visual representation. This could be anything from a simple bar graph to a complex animated visualization. Take a look at the last seven days of global precipitation, or other great examples relating to Visualizing Earth Systems here. While the complex animations may be difficult to replicate, a line or bar graph is just the beginning.I work for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, so let's use snow data for an example. This data is from a big snowstorm that hit upstate New York in November 2014. While the GPM satellite does measure snowfall, we'll start with data collected by \"citizen scientists.\" Citizen science is research conducted by non-professional scientists — which could include you! These particular citizen scientists are part of the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS.)The data below is from one station, graphed using Microsoft Excel. It shows snow accumulation in inches at the location of one monitoring station over four days. (Note: CoCoRaHS reports are made in the morning reflecting the previous 24 hours of precipitation. The dates below show snow that fell the day and night prior.) || ", "release_date": "2015-10-09T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2017-11-15T13:46:30-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 438805, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004386/snow-google-map.png", "filename": "snow-google-map.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Google Maps rendering of CoCoRaHS data in upstate New York in November 2014.", "width": 977, "height": 374, "pixels": 365398 } } }, { "id": 408154, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4362, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4362/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Dust in the Wind", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.Each year, millions of tons of dust from the Sahara Desert in Africa is swept up into the atmosphere. The dust travels across the Atlantic Ocean, with some of it reaching as far as the Amazon Rainforest. African dust contains phosphorus, which is an important nutrient for plants, so each year the Amazon Rainforest is fertilized by dust blown all the way from Africa! We created this data visualization to tell the incredible story of this great migration.To create this visualization, I used data from NASA’s CALIPSO satellite, which measures aerosols in the atmosphere. Using Autodesk Maya and Pixar’s Renderman software (the same software Pixar uses to make movies), I created a virtual Earth with vertical walls for each time the CALIPSO satellite passed over the dust cloud. Each wall has a picture (we call them \"textures\") that represents the data collected by the satellite at that location. Each wall slices through the dust cloud, and shows us a cross-sectional view of dust distribution in the atmosphere. Although dust clouds can be seen in satellite imagery as hazy brown sections, it’s hard to determine their altitude. Knowing the height at which dust travels will help scientists determine where the dust will go, how it moves at different altitudes and how it will interact with the Earth’s climate. CALIPSO allows scientists to clearly see the shape of a dust cloud in three dimensions.The second section of the visualization describes dust flux, or how much dust flows through a specific region over a period of time. To visualize flux, I used a particle system in Autodesk Maya that creates particles at a rate and velocity relative to the flux value for a region at each time step. As the flux value increases, additional particles are created and they move faster. As flux goes down, fewer particles are created and they move slower. The result is a particle cloud that changes shape with the seasons as flux values go up and down. || ", "release_date": "2015-09-28T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-10-09T18:20:55.654597-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439295, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004362/SaharanDust_720p_60fps_searchweb.png", "filename": "SaharanDust_720p_60fps_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The dust migration is shown visualizing dust distribution on vertical walls that slice through the atmosphere. For more information, click here.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } } }, { "id": 408155, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4365, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4365/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Airborne in the Arctic", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.Four turboprop engines roar to life under the autumnal Alaskan sun, and we begin to taxi to the main runway of Eielson Air Force Base. After extensive pre-flight configurations, our science payload is primed for our eight-hour mission. Without delay, the engines’ roar becomes a howl as we hurtle down the nearly three-mile stretch of runway until that near-weightless moment we become airborne. Our mission into the clouds of the arctic is underway.Clouds are important drivers of Earth’s climate by regulating the amount of sunlight that is absorbed at the ground versus what is reflected back into space. You’ve probably experienced this firsthand when sitting outside on a hot and sunny summer day when a fluffy cumulus cloud crosses the sky between you and the sun. The respite that you feel from the heat of the sun’s rays means that that energy is no longer reaching you at the surface. At the lower latitudes where most of us live, these thick, stratiform and cumuliform clouds have a cooling effect because the white cloud reflects the sun’s energy back to space instead of being absorbed by the dark brown soil, green trees and plants, or the blue ocean waters. The story is much more complicated at the high latitudes where the frozen ice surface is also very bright white and reflective. Under these conditions, clouds can actually have a net warming effect because they reflect a similar or smaller amount of the incoming sunlight, but also trap more of the outgoing heat radiation and keep it close to the surface (like a blanket.)The exact balance between heating and cooling depends on the cloud properties - droplet number and size - and where the clouds are located in the atmosphere (high or low altitude as well as overlying dark water or bright ice.) Unraveling these effects is important for understanding how the Earth’s radiation balance and climate exist now and how they are likely to change in the future.Differentiating the impacts of low-level clouds versus Arctic sea ice on sunlight from space is hard, because to a passive satellite sensor orbiting many hundreds of kilometers above the Earth’s surface, both the ice and cloud look very similar. To best visualize this system, we must go to the Arctic with scientific research aircraft to measure the cloud properties just below, above, and within the clouds themselves. This was precisely the motivation behind the NASA Arctic Radiation – IceBridge Sea and Ice Experiment (ARISE), which was conducted in the Alaskan Arctic from September-October, 2014.ARISE carried out 14 science flights aboard the NASA Wallops Flight Facility C-130 Hercules aircraft, which was outfitted with a comprehensive suite of scientific instrumentation including a laser altimeter for measuring the sea ice surface properties, in situ cloud probes, and a sun photometer and two radiometers (SSFR, BBR) for measuring the surface, aerosol, and cloud radiative properties. An example 8-hour flight track is shown for the September 7th science flight in the Google Map below. The aircraft was based at Eielson Air Force Base near Fairbanks, AK, and began each flight by transiting approximately 2 hours north to the vicinity of the ice edge in the Beaufort Sea. On the 7th, the aircraft flew a series of parallel, horizontal legs to cover a single satellite grid box of the overflying NASA Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite. These measurements help CERES scientists to understand how small-scale variability in ice and cloud extent and properties affect their satellite-based retrievals. Google map showing the flight track of the NASA C-130 aircraft during a research flight conducted on 7 September 2014 north of the Alaskan coast. Before wrapping up the research flight on the 7th and beginning our 2-hour transit back to Fairbanks, we descended into the low-level clouds to measure their microphysical properties with the in situ cloud probes. The video below shows what it’s like to measure an Arctic cloud from inside it! The left side of the video shows the real-time data time series from our research instruments that we are continuously monitoring in flight. The top-right imagery is from the forward-facing camera in the C-130 cockpit. The bottom-right imagery is from the downward-facing, nadir camera mounted on the bottom of the aircraft. || ", "release_date": "2015-09-30T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:16.983015-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439251, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004365/ARISE_Sept7Complete_print.jpg", "filename": "ARISE_Sept7Complete_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Composite aircraft video and scientific measurement data from a low-altitude cloud sampling leg. Top-right: Forward camera aboard the C-130, Bottom-right: Down-facing camera aboard the C-130, Left: Data traces of altitude and cloud properties including 1) the cloud droplet concentration with a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP), 2) liquid and total water content (LWC, TWC) measured with a WCM-2000 probe, and the cloud droplet size distribution measured by the CDP.Alternatively, view this video on YouTube.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } }, { "id": 408156, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4378, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4378/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Visualizations: A NASA Eye View of Our Earth", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.Nearly every time I give a talk at the Hyperwall — a genius NASA creation which combines 9 to 15 high definition screens together to show amazing visualizations, pictures, movies and more — I always like to start with the GEOS-5 model of aerosols. This visualization shows how different types of aerosols (black and organic carbon, sea salt, dust, and sulfates) move around our planet. From this mesmerizing movie, you can see where dust storms originate from the Sahara, where fires in the Amazon are spewing black carbon into the atmosphere and how sea salt is spiraling around the southern oceans in huge bands.The funny thing is that this visualization has very little to do with my own research... I just think it is really cool and most people agree with me! By getting them engaged through this visualization, they quickly see how our Earth system is interconnected and how a dust storm over China could actually impact them in their own backyards in the U.S.As a scientist, I always get excited when someone asks me about my work with the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. Usually when I start describing how the GPM Core satellite measures rainfall and why it's important, I do a lot of hand waving. Sometimes I try to describe what we can do with satellites with a metaphor or two. Those are all helpful in painting a picture. But what really seems to make the point is when I pull up a particular visualization of a dozen or so different satellites all taking precipitation measurements over the globe within the same 3-hour window. With a short movie you can see how we can get a global picture of rain and snow everywhere around the world within a few hours! || ", "release_date": "2015-10-02T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:15.627033-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439126, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004378/4248_Hagupit_1080p_01.0396_print.jpg", "filename": "4248_Hagupit_1080p_01.0396_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "On December 5, 2014 the GPM mission's Core Observatory flew over Typhoon Hagupit as it headed towards the Philippines. The GPM Microwave Imager sees through the tops of clouds to observe how much and where precipitation occurs, and the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar observes precise details of precipitation in 3-dimensions. Precipitation rates are represented by colors in the visualization.For more information on this visualization, click here.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } }, { "id": 408157, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4379, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4379/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Making Video Games for NASA", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.How would you like to fly alongside a NASA satellite and see the Earth as the satellite's instruments see it? You can, with a free app called NASA's Eyes on the Earth. It includes NASA's entire fleet of Earth-observing satellites. Ride along virtually with any of them in real time or at super-speed. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-09T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:14.982936-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 438884, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004379/eyes-on-the-earth-still.png", "filename": "eyes-on-the-earth-still.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Two images from Eyes on the Earth: Gravity field is on the left, sea level is on the right. The user can rotate the planet to any desired location, zoom in and out, see NASA's entire fleet of Earth-observing satellites, set the speed with which time passes and select many different kinds of displays.", "width": 900, "height": 486, "pixels": 437400 } } }, { "id": 408158, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4387, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4387/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "El Niño: Disrupting the Marine Food Web", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.In case you haven’t heard, El Niño is starting to make headlines this year. Often nicknamed \"the bad boy of weather,\" who is this guy?A long time ago, fishermen off the west coast of South America — one of the world's most productive fisheries — noticed that some years the fish disappeared. This was especially noticeable around Christmas time — giving it the name El Niño, which means Christ child in Spanish. Today we know why El Niño happens — but knowing when it will happen is still a challenge. Normally, winds blow from east to west along the equator, pushing surface water westward. As the water moves away from the east, nutrient-rich deeper ocean water rises to fill the void (called upwelling.) When nutrients rise into sunlight, they cause blooms of tiny plants called phytoplankton. These plants feed the entire marine food web from small fish such as sardines to bigger fish, sea birds, and marine mammals. When an El Niño develops, the normal east-to-west winds die and warm surface water from the west Pacific moves eastward. This stops the upwelling in the east. Without the supply of deeper, nutrient-rich water, less phytoplankton bloom and the fisheries collapse. From satellites in space we see how these changes impact the ocean’s color. Normally, the ocean looks more green along the equator (image below, left.) During El Niño, the ocean looks more blue and less green because there is less plant life (images below, right.) While this color change is subtle to our eyes, it means life or death for the species that depend upon plankton for food. Some animals starve (e.g. sea lions, marine iguanas, Galapagos penguins) while others move away to look for food elsewhere. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-13T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:13.616416-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 438703, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004387/Screenshot_from_2009_2015_sbs.png", "filename": "Screenshot_from_2009_2015_sbs.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite has been monitoring the color of the ocean's reflected light since 2002 to determine where plant life is photosynthesizing. A normal year (left) is compared to the El Niño developing during September, 2015 (right). (Source: http://climatebits.org)", "width": 1600, "height": 800, "pixels": 1280000 } } }, { "id": 408159, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4375, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4375/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Garbage Patch Visualization Experiment", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.You may have heard of \"ocean garbage patches,\" areas in the ocean where litter and debris concentrates. This might stir up a vivid image of large blanketed areas of trash on the ocean surface that are easy to spot. But that’s not the case. Much of the debris consists of smaller pieces of plastic that are always moving and changing with the ocean currents, waves and winds. These can be difficult to see and predict. We set out to explore the processes and interactions that cause debris to flow to these patches using buoy and model data, and created a visualization based on our results. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-02T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:15.810673-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439109, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004375/4174_Garbage_Patches_Still_print.jpg", "filename": "4174_Garbage_Patches_Still_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The final visualization that assimilates ocean buoy datasets and ECCO-2 ocean current model. (Credit: Greg Shirah and Horace Mitchell, NASA SVS)", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } }, { "id": 408160, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4377, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4377/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "A 3-D Look at Weather, Clouds, and Aerosols", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: The Earth Science Week 2015 page.I've always been fascinated by our atmosphere. Think about it: even though we don't see it, above us is a great aerial ocean! Over time my fascination has grown from weather maps and pondering the origins of storms, to learning all about the physics that surround our everyday lives. From as early as grade school I was also very interested in computers: diagnosing errors, developing programming skills and learning all about hardware and operating systems. So you might say my interests naturally led me to a career as a NASA scientist, where I create visualizations to study the underlying factors that drive weather patterns. Visualizations help us to see the world differently and actively.Many of you have no doubt seen your homes from space using a program called Google Earth™. But did you know you could do a lot more with the right data? In fact I often use it to map atmospheric data in three-dimensions (3-D) around the globe. But one of the challenges I often face is that data comes from many different sources, such as NASA and NOAA satellites or ground-observation stations. This means the data is stored on computer disks all over the country and are named and organized according to different standards, requiring us to customize techniques for producing accurate visualizations in one, 3-D display of the Earth. We do this in order to analyze atmospheric relationships more easily because many weather phenomena arise from physical interactions, both horizontally and vertically, in the global circulation.A big part of atmospheric research relies on using computer models to simulate what our atmosphere will do under different conditions. A great example of this is the data used to prepare the daily weather forecast. This data originates from weather forecasting models that calculate atmospheric motions using the world’s fastest supercomputers. But how do we know these forecasts are accurate? Researchers can verify a model's performance by visualizing one of the variables such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, or air pressure and then using color shading, contour curves, and wind \"barbs\" to graph that data. Then they overlay the observations from NASA satellites such as cloud-top imagery, cloud-top temperature, and vertical distributions of clouds and aerosols, with the graph (it can be challenging to synchronize the data display as these times usually don't match). After this process, the display confirms the model's accuracy. This method is used to study many atmospheric events, such as timing of a storm system, precipitation, or the direction of dust or smoke transport. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-02T16:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-05T22:50:24.287575-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 439117, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004377/hurricane-sandy-atlantic.png", "filename": "hurricane-sandy-atlantic.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Hurricane Sandy over the Atlantic OceanGeostationary satellites captured the infrared (IR) radiation imagery on October 28, 2012 (18:00 UTC). After adding color enhancements, one can see towering clouds as red colors and cloud-free areas as gray colors. Also displayed are white contour curves of mean sea-level pressure, with an interval of 1.5 hPa, from NOAA’s Global Forecast System (GFS) weather model. All data is visualized in Google Earth™. Contrast the labeled areas of low pressure (L) and high pressure (H). What differences do you see?", "width": 919, "height": 587, "pixels": 539453 } } }, { "id": 408161, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4394, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4394/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Q&A with RaD-X Project Scientist, Erica Alston", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.You are the Project Scientist and Education and Public Outreach (EPO) lead for the Rad-X Project. What is Rad-X, why is it important, and what is the EPO and project scientist's role?NASA's Radiation Dosimetry Experiment, or RaD-X, is a low-cost, high-altitude balloon project. Its mission is to help us understand and quantify cosmic ray exposure at the top of atmosphere. That's the zone where commercial airlines fly. This is important because these cosmic rays are a primary source of ionizing radiation in the atmosphere and increase the risk of cancer and other health impacts. A pilot absorbs as much radiation as a worker in a nuclear power plant, yet the dose of radiation they receive during a cosmic storm or during the span of their career is not quantified or documented.The RaD-X payload consists of four radiation sensors that are used to measure incoming radiation. The RaD-X payload was launched on September 25, 2015 via a high-altitude research balloon. This supplements NASA's Nowcast of Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation for Aviation Safety (NAIRAS) model, which helps us make informed decisions about radiation exposure safety for flight crews, the general public, and commercial space operations. RaD-X also supported Cubes in Space on their inaugural balloon flight, which carried various science projects from schools across the U.S. Cubes in Space is a global design contest in which teams of secondary school students from around the world develop unique science experiments for launch into the upper atmosphere. During the 24-hour mission, the RaD-X payload and Cubes in Space experienced altitudes above 100,000 ft. during the day and above 60,000 ft. during the night. On RaD-X, I had dual roles. First as the Project Scientist it was my job to serve as an interface between the scientists and engineers. Essentially, to help them speak the same language and communicate effectively. I was also the EPO lead. This included coordinating school visits, developing fact sheets, and interfacing with NASA Langley Research Center’s public affairs and communications.How do you use Earth visualizations? Does it have applications to the Rad-X project?Using data from the NAIRAS model, we create visualizations of predicted radiation exposure at multiple altitudes. These show exposure rates at aircraft levels and a vertical profile on global exposure rates. Now that we have successfully launched the Rad-X mission, we have started to analyze real data. During the launch we monitored (in real-time) how the measurements compared with the model predicted values from NAIRAS. Creating visualizations in real-time made the comparisons easier to interpret. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-21T15:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:12.395430-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 438475, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004394/vertical-flight-profile.png", "filename": "vertical-flight-profile.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The vertical profile of a flight from New York to London shows effective radiation dose (microSievert/hr) exposure increases with flight altitude, as indicated by a color change between 11km and 15km.", "width": 601, "height": 601, "pixels": 361201 } } }, { "id": 408162, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4388, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4388/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "How Did We Tile Greenland?", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.I am a visualizer at NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio. It is my job to combine a variety of data to generate scientific visualizations of changes affecting our planet. I regularly use Earth science datasets from a variety of sources. Some data is from NASA's Distributed Active Archive Centers (the public data centers that store NASA's satellite data.) Data also comes from NASA scientists or scientists at universities or other research institutions. But whether I'm visualizing sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic, glacier retreat, or seasonal snow cover and fires, the steps needed to handle the data are for all of these are similar.Data comes in all sorts of shapes and sizes. For example, a dataset for the same geographic region may be in different geographic projections. Or the same data may have been collected and processed at different resolutions. I put these datasets together to show them in layers. I need to handle the data in such a way that they correctly overlay one on to another. For example, I would not want our topography data showing the terrain around a mountain lake to be shifted or misregistered from the image data showing the blue region covered by the water. That would obviously be wrong! We use software that follows the exact mathematical rules defined for each type of projection. We can then align the geographic features of multiple datasets, transforming all of the datasets so that they accurate match one another. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-14T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2015-12-02T16:14:19.601786-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 434988, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004388/radarsat_v27_STILL.2700_print.jpg", "filename": "radarsat_v27_STILL.2700_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This narrated animation describes a method of automatically mapping 87 gigapixels of data over Greenland. (NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio)\r", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } }, { "id": 408163, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4385, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4385/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Zooming In: Remote Sensing the Earth", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.Observing something without coming in contact with it is called remote sensing. Think about that. Every living animal uses remote sensing. A spider keeps its eight eyes fixed on a fly, watches its movements. A dolphin sends out sounds to locate a school of fish. A tiger uses its Jacobson's organ to smell a mate. Humans listen to cicadas' loud noises coming from the trees. These are all examples of remote sensing. And, more than likely, all of these animals are analyzing the data they are receiving. I used these particular examples to show that there are different methods of receiving this data. The spider uses sight. The dolphin uses echolocation. The tiger uses smell. The human uses sound. I remember the first time I flew in an airplane. I was about 12 years old and was lucky enough to get a window seat. It was amazing to look down and try to identify things on the ground. I didn't realize it at the time but I was remotely sensing Earth! I could almost imagine how a bird must see the land when it's flying high in the sky. Since I cannot fly all the time like birds do, I can use another tool — Google Earth — to get the same experience. I can look at my computer screen, and identify the differences between urban and natural areas and between fields and forests. NASA creates the most amazing remotely-sensed images of space and the planets. I have always been fascinated by space and space exploration. In 1969, as I listened on my radio to the broadcast of the moon landing, I wondered what it would be like to walk on the moon and to look further out into space. Now, space telescopes, such as Hubble, provide scientists with hundreds of thousands of images for understanding our universe. Images of outer space are fascinating, but I am most excited about images of Earth. NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey have created an amazing collection of satellite images, called Earth as Art. Sometimes these almost look like art from a museum. These images are not only pleasing to look at; they can also tell us valuable information. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-09T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-10-10T00:06:17.354459-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 438799, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004385/SMAP_brightness_temperature_PIA18057_print.jpg", "filename": "SMAP_brightness_temperature_PIA18057_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This is one of the first maps that has been prepared using data from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission. The SMAP mission produces high-resolution maps of global soil moisture and detects whether soils are frozen or thawed. For more information on this map, click here.", "width": 1024, "height": 574, "pixels": 587776 } } }, { "id": 408164, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4363, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4363/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Notes from the Underground", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.I'm a hydrologist, which means I study how water moves around on land. Well, “on land” isn’t exactly right. It turns out that most of the interesting processes happen beneath the land surface, hidden from view. You might think, for example, that rivers fill from above — it rains and the water that doesn't sink into the ground runs off into the rivers. But in fact, about 80 percent of the water in rivers comes from underground. Rain soaks into the ground, adding water to the water table. When the water table rises to where it intersects with the land surface (on the side of a hill or even gently sloping \"flat\" land), the water penetrates through to the surface and runs downhill. Eventually, the flowing water carves out a ditch and you have a stream and ultimately a river.Let me show you what I mean: || ", "release_date": "2015-09-29T18:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:17.105364-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 439245, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004363/grace-drought-california-02-08-14_print.jpg", "filename": "grace-drought-california-02-08-14_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Three of the 12 images used in the GRACE lenticular card, which show the drying out of California’s aquifers based on the decreased amount of gravity they exert.", "width": 1024, "height": 654, "pixels": 669696 } } }, { "id": 408165, "type": "details_page", "extra_data": null, "instance": { "id": 4395, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4395/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Q&A with NASA Visualizer, Lori Perkins", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.How did you discover your passion for Earth Science?I have loved Earth Science since I was a little girl. I was the only little girl in my class that loved changing cloud patterns, thunderstorms, and lightning.What do you enjoy most about what you do?I love that my job gives me the opportunity to explain all sorts of interesting science results and phenomenon.What inspired you to work in this field?The Star Wars movies and NASA's Apollo Program!Where do you work and do you remember what it was like on your first day of work?Now, I work at NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio. I started at NASA working as a student writing fortran code in a data processing facility that aimed to provide error-free telemetry transmissions from spacecraft to the ground. On my first day, I remember all of my coworkers speaking in acronyms. I didn’t know what the acronyms meant.What are some of the most important lessons you have learned in your life?Don't be afraid to ask questions and don't be afraid to throw out an idea that might seem crazy.What do you consider your greatest accomplishment?I worked on a piece that won the National Science Foundation's Visualization of the Year. It is a wonderful piece that explains the important connection between the Sun and our Earth. || ", "release_date": "2015-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:11.709426-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 438376, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004395/3902_cme.00852.png", "filename": "3902_cme.00852.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A still image from the Except from \"Dynamic Earth\", which won the 2013 NSF International Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge for the Video category. For more information about this visualization, click here.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 370970, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/svsdb-esw2015index/#media_group_370970", "widget": "Card gallery", "title": "Visualizations", "caption": "", "description": "", "items": [ { "id": 408166, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Quick Start Guide for Educators", "caption": "View hand-picked visualizations that are ideal for introducing students to complex Earth science topics and designed to encourage student questioning and conversation. Links are provided to related learning resources for elementary, middle and high school.", "instance": { "id": 449473, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004234/sss_print_globe_americas_searchweb.png", "filename": "sss_print_globe_americas_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "View hand-picked visualizations that are ideal for introducing students to complex Earth science topics and designed to encourage student questioning and conversation. Links are provided to related learning resources for elementary, middle and high school.", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 370971, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/svsdb-esw2015index/#media_group_370971", "widget": "Tile gallery", "title": "Education Resources", "caption": "", "description": "", "items": [ { "id": 408167, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "NASA Wavelength", "caption": "This digital library includes over 2,000 peer-reviewed Earth and space science resources for educators of all levels – from elementary to college, to out-of-school programs. Use NASA Wavelength to q...", "instance": { "id": 857441, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/PlainBadge_searchweb.png", "filename": "PlainBadge_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This digital library includes over 2,000 peer-reviewed Earth and space science resources for educators of all levels – from elementary to college, to out-of-school programs. Use NASA Wavelength to q...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408168, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Inquiry Based Teaching With Visualizations", "caption": "This one page PDF offers a great introduction to inquiry-based teaching using visualizations....", "instance": { "id": 857442, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/imerg_not_annotated.03439-e1440182819319_searchweb.png", "filename": "imerg_not_annotated.03439-e1440182819319_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This one page PDF offers a great introduction to inquiry-based teaching using visualizations....", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408169, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "NASA Climate Change Home", "caption": "NASA's homepage for Climate Change is a treasure trove of information regarding our planet's vital signs....", "instance": { "id": 857443, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Screen-Shot-2015-08-26-at-1.02.16-PM_searchweb.png", "filename": "Screen-Shot-2015-08-26-at-1.02.16-PM_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's homepage for Climate Change is a treasure trove of information regarding our planet's vital signs....", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408170, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "MY NASA DATA", "caption": "Through the use of the MY NASA DATA Live Access Server, students can experience a wealth of scientific data from NASA missions. Also included are mission plans on a wide variety of topics, as well as ...", "instance": { "id": 857444, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/MYNASADATA_searchweb.png", "filename": "MYNASADATA_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Through the use of the MY NASA DATA Live Access Server, students can experience a wealth of scientific data from NASA missions. Also included are mission plans on a wide variety of topics, as well as ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408171, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "MY NASA DATA - GLOBE Digital Poster", "caption": "Utilize this digital poster for activities with K-12 students. Exercises include comparison and analysis of visualization time series of multiple data types....", "instance": { "id": 857445, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/GLOBE_searchweb.png", "filename": "GLOBE_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This recorded webinar will walk you through activities for K-12 students with an emphasis on meeting NGSS standards, and cross cutting concepts for Earth System Science....", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408172, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "MY NASA DATA - GLOBE Digital Poster Webinar", "caption": "This recorded webinar will walk you through activities for K-12 students with an emphasis on meeting NGSS standards, and cross cutting concepts for Earth System Science....", "instance": { "id": 857445, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/GLOBE_searchweb.png", "filename": "GLOBE_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This recorded webinar will walk you through activities for K-12 students with an emphasis on meeting NGSS standards, and cross cutting concepts for Earth System Science....", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408173, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Eyes on Earth", "caption": "This online interactive allows users to explore NASA visualizations in 3D. Users have access to a number of data sets, as well as imagery of Earth mission satellites in orbit. Information is included ...", "instance": { "id": 857446, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Eyes-on-Earth1_searchweb.png", "filename": "Eyes-on-Earth1_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This online interactive allows users to explore NASA visualizations in 3D. Users have access to a number of data sets, as well as imagery of Earth mission satellites in orbit. Information is included ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408174, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Mapping Our World Interactive", "caption": "This interactive features artwork created with data from over a dozen NASA Earth science missions for a unique mosaic-like pattern of our world. ...", "instance": { "id": 857447, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Screen-Shot-2013-08-02-at-1.26.46-PM_searchweb.png", "filename": "Screen-Shot-2013-08-02-at-1.26.46-PM_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This interactive features artwork created with data from over a dozen NASA Earth science missions for a unique mosaic-like pattern of our world. ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408175, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Images & Data: Educators Guide to NASA Earth Science Images and Data", "caption": "This 16-page NASA Earth Science Images and Data booklet illustrates multiple NASA sources that allow educators to incorporate real data and images in their teaching. Sample resources as well as firsth...", "instance": { "id": 857448, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Bookletcover_sm_searchweb.png", "filename": "Bookletcover_sm_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This 16-page NASA Earth Science Images and Data booklet illustrates multiple NASA sources that allow educators to incorporate real data and images in their teaching. Sample resources as well as firsth...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408176, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "A View from Space: Creating Stunning Images Using Landsat", "caption": "This 3-part series of recorded webinars developed for educators will introduce you to Landsat imagery, teach you how to create images of your own location or other area of interest, and more. ...", "instance": { "id": 857449, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Yellowstone_smll_searchweb.png", "filename": "Yellowstone_smll_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This 3-part series of recorded webinars developed for educators will introduce you to Landsat imagery, teach you how to create images of your own location or other area of interest, and more. ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408177, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "NASA Earth Observatory", "caption": "This web¬site features images, stories and discoveries from NASA Earth science research. Check out the Global Maps section for animated maps showing month-to-month changes of key parameters in Earth...", "instance": { "id": 857450, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Globalmap-e1380062906742_searchweb.png", "filename": "Globalmap-e1380062906742_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This web¬site features images, stories and discoveries from NASA Earth science research. Check out the Global Maps section for animated maps showing month-to-month changes of key parameters in Earth...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408178, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "NASA Global Climate Change", "caption": "This website features a collection of climate news, visualizations, FAQs, interactives and resources related to the changing climate and NASA’s role in studying climate change. Interactives like the...", "instance": { "id": 857451, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/Global-CC_searchweb.png", "filename": "Global-CC_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This website features a collection of climate news, visualizations, FAQs, interactives and resources related to the changing climate and NASA’s role in studying climate change. Interactives like the...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408179, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "Women@NASA: Earth Explorers", "caption": "This website features a collection of interviews and articles about female Earth explorers at NASA. ...", "instance": { "id": 857452, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/594767main_Alston_xltn_searchweb.png", "filename": "594767main_Alston_xltn_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This website features a collection of interviews and articles about female Earth explorers at NASA. ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 408180, "type": "link", "extra_data": null, "title": "NASA Earth Observations (NEO)", "caption": "NASA Earth Observations (NEO) helps users picture climate and environmental changes as they occur on Earth. Browse and download imagery of satellite data from NASA's constellation of Earth Observ...", "instance": { "id": 857453, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/ESW2015/NASA-NEO_searchweb.png", "filename": "NASA-NEO_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA Earth Observations (NEO) helps users picture climate and environmental changes as they occur on Earth. Browse and download imagery of satellite data from NASA's constellation of Earth Observ...", "width": 180, "height": 320, "pixels": 57600 } } ], "extra_data": {} } ] }