{
"id": 40046,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "NASA's Heliophysics Gallery",
"description": "Heliophysics studies the nature of the Sun and how it influences the very nature of space and the planets and the technology that exists there. Learn more at nasa.gov/sun.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 530275,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002200/a002232/mdi0001_web.jpg",
"filename": "mdi0001_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A full view of the sun at the start of the fly-in.",
"width": 240,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 76800
},
"media_groups": [
{
"id": 370474,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370474",
"widget": "Basic text (large)",
"title": "Overview",
"caption": "",
"description": "Heliophysics studies the nature of the Sun and how it influences the very nature of space and the planets and the technology that exists there. Learn more at nasa.gov/sun.",
"items": [],
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{
"id": 370475,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370475",
"widget": "Tile gallery",
"title": "Missions - Operational",
"caption": "",
"description": "",
"items": [
{
"id": 520240,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "ACE - Advanced Composition Explorer",
"caption": "NASA's Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) collects and analyzes particles of solar, interplanetary, interstellar, and galactic origins. The data contributes to our understanding of the Sun, its interaction with Earth, and the evolution of the solar system.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/ace/",
"instance": {
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020158/ACE_HD11_Apple_422_H264_1280x720_30_web.png",
"filename": "ACE_HD11_Apple_422_H264_1280x720_30_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA's Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) collects and analyzes particles of solar, interplanetary, interstellar, and galactic origins. The data contributes to our understanding of the Sun, its interaction with Earth, and the evolution of the solar system.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/ace/",
"width": 180,
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}
},
{
"id": 511044,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40513,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/awe/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "AWE – Atmospheric Waves Experiment",
"description": "From its unique vantage point on the International Space Station, NASA’s Atmospheric Waves Experiment (AWE) looks directly down into Earth’s atmosphere to study how atmospheric gravity waves — naturally occurring waves often caused by weather disturbances — travel through the upper atmosphere. Data collected by AWE enables scientists to determine the physics and characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves and how terrestrial weather influences the ionosphere, which can affect communication with satellites.\n\nAWE launched on Nov. 9, 2023, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/awe/",
"release_date": "2023-10-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-10-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 860148,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014400/a014440/23e00100_AWE_r_print.jpg",
"filename": "23e00100_AWE_r_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "From its unique vantage point on the International Space Station, NASA’s Atmospheric Waves Experiment (AWE) will look directly down into Earth’s atmosphere to study how gravity waves travel through the upper atmosphere. Data collected by AWE will enable scientists to determine the physics and characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves and how terrestrial weather influences the ionosphere, which can affect communication with satellites.\n\nAWE is led by Michael Taylor at Utah State University in Logan, and it is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Utah State University’s Space Dynamics Laboratory built the AWE instrument and will provide the mission operations center.",
"width": 682,
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"pixels": 698368
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},
{
"id": 511045,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40538,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/carruthers-geocorona-observatory/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Carruthers Geocorona Observatory",
"description": "The Carruthers Geocorona Observatory is a SmallSat mission at the Sun-Earth Lagrange point 1 (L1) where it uses advanced ultraviolet imagers to monitor Earth’s exosphere, the outermost layer of the atmosphere.. Carruthers is the first SmallSat to operate at L1 and the first mission dedicated to observing the exosphere, including its response to solar-driven space weather\n\nThe Carruthers Geocorona Observatory launched on Sept. 24, 2025, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/carruthers-geocorona-observatory/",
"release_date": "2025-07-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-09-24T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1158164,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014800/a014887/14887_Thumbnail_searchweb.png",
"filename": "14887_Thumbnail_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Carruthers Geocorona Observatory is a SmallSat mission at Lagrange Point 1 (L1) where it will use an advanced ultraviolet imager to monitor Earth’s exosphere — the outermost layer of the atmosphere — and the exosphere’s response to solar-driven space weather. Carruthers is poised to become the first SmallSat to operate at L1 and the first to deliver continuous exospheric observations from this vantage point.\n\nThe Carruthers Geocorona Observatory mission is led by Lara Waldrop at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and is managed by the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, CA. NASA’s Heliophysics Explorers Program Office at the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, provides mission oversight to the project for the agency’s Heliophysics Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington.\n\nLearn more about the mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/carruthers-geocorona-observatory/",
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},
{
"id": 511046,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 14647,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14647/",
"page_type": "B-Roll",
"title": "CODEX – Coronal Diagnostic Experiment",
"description": "The Coronal Diagnostic Experiment (CODEX) is a solar coronagraph that will be installed on the International Space Station to gather important information about the solar wind and how it forms. A coronagraph blocks out the bright light from the Sun to better see details in the Sun's outer atmosphere, or corona. CODEX is a collaboration between NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) with additional contribution from Italy's National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF).Learn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/codex/ || ",
"release_date": "2024-08-12T13:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-09T16:25:52-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1096141,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014600/a014647/CODEX_Animation_01.00001_print.jpg",
"filename": "CODEX_Animation_01.00001_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "In this time lapse animation, the CODEX instrument can be seen mounted on the EXpedite the PRocessing of Experiments to Space Station (EXPRESS) Logistics Carrier Site 3 (ELC-3) onboard the International Space Station.Credit: CODEX team / NASA",
"width": 1024,
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},
{
"id": 511047,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40523,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/escapade/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "ESCAPADE – Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorer",
"description": "Using two identical spacecraft in orbit around Mars, the Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) mission will investigate how a stream of charged particles from the Sun called the solar wind interacts with Mars’ magnetic environment and how this interaction drives the planet’s atmospheric escape. The first coordinated multi-spacecraft orbital science mission to the Red Planet, ESCAPADE will use its twin orbiters to take simultaneous observations from different locations around Mars to reveal the planet’s real-time response to space weather and how the Martian magnetosphere changes over time. The data returned from ESCAPADE will provide new insight into the evolution of Mars’ climate, helping to understand how Mars began losing its atmosphere and water.\n\nESCAPADE launched on Nov. 13, 2025, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and is expected to reach Mars in September 2027.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/escapade/ ",
"release_date": "2024-09-04T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2026-02-26T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1096959,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014600/a014666/01NG_RL_HighOrbit_1080.00001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "01NG_RL_HighOrbit_1080.00001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers, or ESCAPADE, will use two identical spacecraft to investigate how the solar wind interacts with Mars’ magnetic environment and how this interaction drives the planet’s atmospheric escape. The first multi-spacecraft orbital science mission to the Red Planet, ESCAPADE’s twin orbiters will take simultaneous observations from different locations around Mars to reveal the planet’s real-time response to space weather and how the Martian magnetosphere changes over time. The data returned from the ESCAPADE spacecraft will provide new insight into the evolution of Mars’ climate, contributing to the body of research investigating how Mars began losing its atmosphere and water system.The ESCAPADE mission is managed by the Space Sciences Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, with key partners Rocket Lab, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Advanced Space LLC, and Blue Origin.Read the latest news about ESCAPADE - https://science.nasa.gov/mission/escapade/",
"width": 180,
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}
}
},
{
"id": 511048,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 14542,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14542/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "EZIE – Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer",
"description": "Slated to launch in 2025, NASA’s Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer (EZIE) will be the first mission to image the magnetic fingerprint of the auroral electrojets — intense electric currents flowing high above Earth’s poles that are central to the electrical circuit coupling the planet’s magnetosphere to its atmosphere.Led by the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), EZIE will use a trio of small satellites to characterize and record the electrojets’ structure over space and time. It will fill gaps in our understanding of this space weather phenomenon and provide findings that scientists can apply to other magnetized planets, both within and outside our solar system.Learn more:https://science.nasa.gov/mission/ezie/ || ",
"release_date": "2024-03-05T10:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-09T16:30:21-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1089837,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014500/a014542/22-04969_-_EZIE_Mission_Trailer_V6.00090_print.jpg",
"filename": "22-04969_-_EZIE_Mission_Trailer_V6.00090_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "EZIE: The Mission to Explore Earth's Link to Space (OFFICIAL TRAILER)Developed and led for NASA by the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, EZIE is a mission to explore Earth’s electrojets — intense electric currents flowing high above Earth’s polar regions and the dayside equatorial region. EZIE will provide unprecedented measurements of these electrical currents to answer decades-old — and much debated — mysteries. Understanding these currents is key to scientists’ ability to develop capabilities for predicting hazardous space weather.Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
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}
},
{
"id": 511199,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40345,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/gold/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "GOLD – Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk",
"description": "NASA’s Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission focuses on two parts of Earth’s upper atmosphere stretching from about 50 to 400 miles in altitude — the neutral layer called the thermosphere, and the electrically charged particles that make up the ionosphere. From its vantage point on a commercial communications satellite in geostationary orbit, the GOLD instrument makes hemisphere-wide observations of the ionosphere about every 30 minutes. This unprecedented birds-eye view is giving scientists new insights into how this region changes.\n\nGOLD launched on Jan. 25, 2018, from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana, aboard an Ariane 5 rocket as a hosted payload on the SES-14 commercial satellite.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/gold/",
"release_date": "2018-01-17T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-09T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 407480,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020275/GOLD-comp2_00502_print.jpg",
"filename": "GOLD-comp2_00502_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk, or GOLD, mission is designed to explore the nearest reaches of space. Capturing never-before-seen images of Earth’s upper atmosphere, GOLD explores in unprecedented detail our space environment — which is home to astronauts, radio signals used to guide airplanes and ships, as well as satellites that provide communications and GPS systems. The more we know about the fundamental physics of this region of space, the more we can protect our assets there.\n\nGathering observations from geostationary orbit above the Western Hemisphere, GOLD measures the temperature and composition of neutral gases in Earth’s thermosphere. This part of the atmosphere co-mingles with the ionosphere, which is made up of charged particles. Both the Sun from above and terrestrial weather from below can change the types, numbers, and characteristics of the particles found here — and GOLD helps track those changes.\n\nActivity in this region is responsible for a variety of key space weather events. GOLD scientists are particularly interested in the cause of dense, unpredictable bubbles of charged gas that appear over the equator and tropics, sometimes causing communication problems. As we discover the very nature of the Sun-Earth interaction in this region, the mission could ultimately lead to ways to improve forecasts of such space weather and mitigate its effects.\nDownload the GOLD beauty pass: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20275\nDownload other GOLD resources: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/GOLDresources",
"width": 576,
"height": 1024,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
"id": 518297,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40544,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hinode/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Hinode (Solar-B)",
"description": "Hinode (Solar-B) is an international mission, led by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), to study the Sun. Hinode explores the magnetic fields of the Sun, from tracking their strength and direction on the solar surface, or photosphere, to decoding their role in heating and powering eruptions in the Sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona, to driving the constant outflow from the Sun, the solar wind. \n\nThe mission launched on Sept. 23, 2006, from Uchinoura Space Center in Japan aboard a JAXA M-V rocket.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hinode/",
"release_date": "2026-02-27T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-02-27T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 504452,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020156/solr0001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "solr0001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Hinode, Japanese for \"Sunrise\" and formerly Solar-B, is a solar satellite exploring the magnetic fields of the Sun in order to improve understanding of what powers the solar atmosphere and drives solar eruptions. Led by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Hinode mission is a collaboration between the space agencies of Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe.\n\nTo learn more: PUT LINK TEXT HEREhttps://science.nasa.gov/about-hinode/",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 511049,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40543,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/imap/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "IMAP – Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe",
"description": "NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) maps the boundaries of the heliosphere — the protective bubble surrounding the Sun and planets that is inflated by the constant stream of particles from the Sun called the solar wind. As a modern-day celestial cartographer, IMAP also explores and charts the vast range of particles in interplanetary space, helping to investigate important issues in heliophysics, the field studying the Sun and its sphere of influence. IMAP provides near-real-time information about the solar wind to provide advanced space weather warnings from its location at Lagrange point 1, one million miles from Earth toward the Sun.\n\nThe mission launched on Sept. 24, 2025, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/imap/",
"release_date": "2025-08-20T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2026-01-27T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1157765,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020400/a020410/20410_IMAP_Spinning_H264.00001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "20410_IMAP_Spinning_H264.00001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe, or IMAP, will map the boundaries of the heliosphere — the protective bubble surrounding the Sun and planets that is inflated by the constant stream of particles from the Sun called the solar wind.\n\nAs a modern-day celestial cartographer, IMAP will also explore and chart the vast range of particles in interplanetary space, helping to investigate two of the most important overarching issues in heliophysics: the energization of charged particles from the Sun and the interaction of the solar wind with interstellar space. IMAP plans to provide near real-time information about the solar wind to provide advanced space weather warnings from its location at Lagrange point 1, one million miles from Earth toward the Sun.\n\nThe mission is slated to launch no earlier than September 2025 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.\n\nLearn more about IMAP.",
"width": 180,
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"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 518413,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40549,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/interstellar-boundary-explorer-ibex/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "IBEX – Interstellar Boundary Explorer",
"description": "The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) is a NASA spacecraft studying how our heliosphere — the protective bubble surrounding the Sun and planets that is inflated by a constant stream of solar particles — interacts with interstellar space. IBEX created the first maps showing the interactions at that border, and how they change over time due to variations in the Sun’s activity. IBEX studies the heliosphere’s boundaries by measuring a type of uncharged particle called energetic neutral atoms.\n\nIBEX launched on Oct. 19, 2008, from the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. \n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/ibex/",
"release_date": "2026-03-02T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-03T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 506611,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020131/IBEXA0900_web.png",
"filename": "IBEXA0900_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "IBEX is a NASA spacecraft studying how our heliosphere, the magnetic bubble surrounding our Sun and planets, interacts with interstellar space. IBEX created the first maps showing the interactions at that border, and how they change over time.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/ibex/",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402904,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40148,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/irisnasas-new-eyeonthe-sun/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "IRIS – Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph",
"description": "The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is a NASA Earth-orbiting observatory focused on a poorly understood area of the Sun's lower atmosphere, the chromosphere. Its primary goal is to study how solar material moves, accumulates energy, and heats up as it travels through this region. IRIS gathers unique data, called spectra, of the chromosphere, which is vital for understanding the Sun's heating process and contributes to more accurate solar storm predictions.\n\nIRIS launched on June 28, 2013, from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/iris/",
"release_date": "2013-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2021-07-20T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 463610,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011300/a011314/IRIS_FL_still_searchweb.png",
"filename": "IRIS_FL_still_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) observes how solar material moves, gathers energy, and heats up as it travels through a little-understood region in the Sun's lower atmosphere.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402903,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40175,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/magnetospheric-multiscale-mms/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "MMS – Magnetospheric Multiscale",
"description": "The Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) investigates how the Sun's and Earth's magnetic fields connect and disconnect, explosively transferring energy from one to the other. This process occurs throughout the universe and is known as magnetic reconnection. By studying reconnection in this local, natural laboratory, MMS helps us understand reconnection elsewhere — such as in the atmosphere of the Sun and other stars, in the vicinity of black holes and neutron stars, and at the boundary between our solar system's heliosphere and interstellar space — where it’s harder to study.\n\nMMS launched on March 12, 2015, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mms/",
"release_date": "2014-08-08T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2020-04-07T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 457335,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020210/MMS_Solo00600_web.png",
"filename": "MMS_Solo00600_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "MMS beauty pass showing 4 observatories on the dayside.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402901,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40338,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/parker-solar-probe/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Parker Solar Probe",
"description": "On a mission to “touch the Sun,” NASA's Parker Solar Probe became the first spacecraft to fly through the corona — the Sun’s upper atmosphere — passing within 3.8 million miles of the solar surface during its closest approaches. Parker Solar Probe flies through the corona at speeds up to 430,000 mph taking measurements to help scientists better understand the fundamental drivers of solar activity and space weather events that can impact life on Earth. Facing brutal heat and radiation conditions, Parker Solar Probe employs four instrument suites designed to study electric and magnetic fields, plasma, waves and energetic particles, as well as image the solar wind, the constant stream of material released by the Sun. \n\nParker Solar Probe launched on Aug. 12, 2018, from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/parker-solar-probe/",
"release_date": "2017-09-22T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-07-18T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 403011,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012900/a012978/a012978_ParkerThumbnail_print.jpg",
"filename": "a012978_ParkerThumbnail_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Parker Solar Probe will swoop to within four million miles of the Sun's surface, facing heat and radiation like no spacecraft before it. Launching in 2018, Parker Solar Probe will provide new data on solar activity and make critical contributions to our ability to forecast major space-weather events that impact life on Earth.",
"width": 576,
"height": 1024,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
"id": 511050,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40532,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/punch/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "PUNCH – Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere",
"description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH) mission is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit capturing global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind, a stream of charged particles from the Sun that fills the solar system. By using PUNCH to image the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere — including the Sun, solar wind, and Earth — as a single connected system.\n\nPUNCH launched on March 11, 2025, from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.\n\nLearn more: science.nasa.gov/mission/punch",
"release_date": "2025-01-22T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-03-17T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1052262,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020300/a020388/H_0823_Punch_SunEnding_V01.00001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "H_0823_Punch_SunEnding_V01.00001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate.For more information visit science.nasa.gov/mission/punch",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402905,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40355,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/sdo/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "SDO – Solar Dynamics Observatory",
"description": "Since its launch on Feb. 11, 2010, the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has studied the solar atmosphere to help us understand the Sun’s influence on Earth. Every 12 seconds, SDO images the Sun in 10 wavelengths of ultraviolet light, each of which reveals different solar features. These images help us explain where the Sun's energy comes from, how the inside of the Sun works, and how the Sun’s atmosphere stores and releases energy in dramatic eruptions that can influence Earth.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/sdo/",
"release_date": "2018-08-31T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2024-05-16T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 384472,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013600/a013641/Composite_10yr_Sun_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Composite_10yr_Sun_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, is a geosynchronous-orbiting satellite designed to help us understand the Sun’s influence on Earth by studying the solar atmosphere. SDO’s goal is to understand, driving towards a predictive capability, the dynamic solar activity that drives conditions in near-Earth space, called space weather. SDO observations help us explain where the Sun's energy comes from, how the inside of the Sun works, and how the Sun’s atmosphere stores and releases energy in dramatic eruptions. Every twelve seconds, SDO images the Sun in ten wavelengths of ultraviolet light. Each wavelength reveals different solar features and is assigned a unique color. Every image is eight times the resolution of HD video. From dark coronal holes or bright active regions on the solar surface to immense eruptions and flares that lash out millions of miles above the surface, SDO looks far into the Sun’s blazing atmosphere.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 518622,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40548,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solarand-heliospheric-observatory-soho/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "SOHO – Solar and Heliospheric Observatory",
"description": "Launched in December 1995, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a joint mission between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) designed to study the Sun inside out. Though its mission was originally scheduled to last until 1998, SOHO continues to collect observations about the Sun’s interior, the solar atmosphere, and the constant stream of solar particles known as the solar wind, adding to scientists' understanding of our closest star and making many new discoveries, including finding more than 5,000 comets.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/soho/",
"release_date": "2026-03-03T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 437409,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020230/SOHO_00050_searchweb.png",
"filename": "SOHO_00050_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Launched in December 1995, the joint ESA-NASA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory mission (SOHO), was designed to study the Sun inside out. Though its mission was scheduled to run until only 1998, it has continued collecting data, adding to scientists' understanding of our closest star, and making many new discoveries, including more than 5,000 comets.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/soho/",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402900,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40400,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-orbiter/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Solar Orbiter",
"description": "An international cooperative mission between the European Space Agency and NASA, Solar Orbiter is a Sun-observing satellite with 10 science instruments, all designed to provide unprecedented insight into our Sun. Solar Orbiter carries in situ instruments, which directly sample particles streaming from the Sun, as well as remote-sensing instruments, which capture images of the solar surface from a vantage point closer than any spacecraft before it. Solar Orbiter follows a “tilted” orbit that has given it the first views of the Sun’s polar regions. \n\nSolar Orbiter launched on Feb. 10, 2020, from Cape Canaveral in Florida.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/solar-orbiter/",
"release_date": "2019-12-16T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2020-02-12T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 388575,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013509/SolO_Trailer.00_00_48_09.Still001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "SolO_Trailer.00_00_48_09.Still001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "As the main driver of space weather, it is essential to understand the behavior of the Sun to learn how to better safeguard our planet, space technology and astronauts. Solar Orbiter will study the Sun, its outer atmosphere and what drives the constant outflow of solar wind which affects Earth. The spacecraft will observe the Sun's atmosphere up close with high spatial resolution telescopes and compare these observations to measurements taken in the environment directly surrounding the spacecraft – together creating a one-of-a-kind picture of how the Sun can affect the space environment throughout the solar system.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402908,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40418,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/themis/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "THEMIS – Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms",
"description": "The Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission was launched on Feb. 17, 2007, to measure the magnetic and plasma environment around Earth to better understand a space weather phenomenon known as a substorm, which initiates auroras. With THEMIS, we now have a much better understanding of substorms, which can help us predict and mitigate space weather effects near Earth — including helping to ensure safety for astronauts and spacecraft operating around Earth.\n\nIn 2010, after THEMIS successfully completed its prime mission, two of the five spacecraft were sent on a new mission: into orbit around the Moon to begin the first systematic measurements of conditions in the magnetotail — the distant tail of Earth’s magnetic environment. The new mission is known as the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun, or THEMIS-ARTEMIS.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/themis/",
"release_date": "2020-06-08T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2021-07-20T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 511015,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003356/themis_substormHR_GSEmove.0485_searchweb.png",
"filename": "themis_substormHR_GSEmove.0485_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Earth's magnetic dipole field helps form a protective shield, called the magnetosphere, around the planet. This 'shield' deflects much of the charged particle radiation emitted by the Sun.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 520241,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "TIMED - Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics",
"caption": "The Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission is studying the influence of the Sun and humans on the least explored and understood region of Earth's atmosphere — the mesosphere and lower thermosphere / ionosphere. This region is a gateway between Earth and space, where the Sun's energy is first deposited into Earth's environment.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/timed/",
"instance": {
"id": 1202302,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020000/a020014/101101-timed-0-jpg.jpeg",
"filename": "101101-timed-0-jpg.jpeg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission is studying the influence of the Sun and humans on the least explored and understood region of Earth's atmosphere — the mesosphere and lower thermosphere / ionosphere. This region is a gateway between Earth and space, where the Sun's energy is first deposited into Earth's environment.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/timed/",
"width": 2162,
"height": 3300,
"pixels": 7134600
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},
{
"id": 511051,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40535,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/tracers/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "TRACERS – Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites",
"description": "The Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites (TRACERS) helps understand magnetic reconnection and its effects in Earth’s atmosphere. Magnetic reconnection occurs when two magnetic fields, such as the Sun’s and Earth’s, intertwine and explosively realign. By understanding this process, scientists will be able to better understand and prepare for impacts of solar activity on Earth.\n\nTRACERS launched on July 23, 2025, from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/tracers/",
"release_date": "2025-04-23T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-07-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 1154341,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014800/a014805/TRACERSbeauty_Iowa_4K_ProRes.00001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "TRACERSbeauty_Iowa_4K_ProRes.00001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA’s Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, or TRACERS mission, consists of two satellites that will help understand magnetic reconnection and its effects in Earth’s atmosphere. Magnetic reconnection occurs when activity from the Sun interacts with Earth’s magnetic field. By understanding this process, scientists will be able to better understand and prepare for impacts of solar activity on Earth.\n\nThe TRACERS mission is led by David Miles at the University of Iowa and managed by the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio. NASA’s Heliophysics Explorers Program Office at the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, provides mission oversight to the project for the agency’s Heliophysics Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington.\n\nLearn more about the mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/tracers/",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 518712,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40550,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/voyager/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Voyager",
"description": "Launched in 1977, the twin Voyager spacecraft are NASA’s longest operating and most distant spacecraft. Hurtling through space at over 38,000 miles per hour, Voyager 1 and 2 were the first confirmed human-made objects to cross the threshold into interstellar space. After completing an in-depth reconnaissance of the outer planets, the Voyager spacecraft departed the heliosphere, the protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields generated by the Sun, in two separate directions and are now exploring the edges of interstellar space. \n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/",
"release_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 517578,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020000/a020042/Voyager.jpg",
"filename": "Voyager.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Voyager 1 and its twin Voyager 2 are the only spacecraft ever to operate outside the heliosphere, the protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields generated by the Sun. Voyager 1 reached the interstellar boundary in 2012, while Voyager 2 (traveling slower and in a different direction than its twin) reached it in 2018.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/",
"width": 1687,
"height": 2500,
"pixels": 4217500
}
}
},
{
"id": 520242,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Wind",
"caption": "Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft that observes the solar wind that is about to impact the magnetosphere of Earth.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/wind/",
"instance": {
"id": 1202303,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020000/a020014/windv3_0.jpg",
"filename": "windv3_0.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft that observes the solar wind that is about to impact the magnetosphere of Earth.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/wind/",
"width": 493,
"height": 985,
"pixels": 485605
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370476,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370476",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Missions - Historical",
"caption": "",
"description": "",
"items": [
{
"id": 520243,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM)",
"caption": "The Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) mission is the first satellite dedicated to the study of noctilucent clouds. Noctilucent clouds, sometimes called Polar Mesospheric Clouds, were first reported in 1885. Forming at altitudes above 50 miles, they are so faint that they can only be seen from the ground in the reflected light of the Sun after it has set below the horizon. Since their discovery, their cause has been a subject of study as a possible indicator of climate change.",
"instance": {
"id": 506522,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003484/aim_seasonb_GEOmove.HRstills.0116_web.jpg",
"filename": "aim_seasonb_GEOmove.HRstills.0116_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) mission is the first satellite dedicated to the study of noctilucent clouds. Noctilucent clouds, sometimes called Polar Mesospheric Clouds, were first reported in 1885. Forming at altitudes above 50 miles, they are so faint that they can only be seen from the ground in the reflected light of the Sun after it has set below the horizon. Since their discovery, their cause has been a subject of study as a possible indicator of climate change.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402914,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Cluster II",
"caption": "A group of four satellites in formation flying to map the radiation environment of the radiation belts and magnetosphere. Launched in July and August 2000 it was a collaboration between ESA and NASA. NASA collaboration has ended, but the mission is still in operation.",
"instance": {
"id": 509258,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020000/a020099/still5_web.png",
"filename": "still5_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A group of four satellites in formation flying to map the radiation environment of the radiation belts and magnetosphere. Launched in July and August 2000 it was a collaboration between ESA and NASA. NASA collaboration has ended, but the mission is still in operation.",
"width": 215,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 68800
}
},
{
"id": 402915,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "C/NOFS",
"caption": "The Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) was a satellite operated by the U.S. Air Force to study scintillation in Earth's ionosphere that could impact communications and navigation systems. It was launched April 2008 and its orbit decayed in November 2015.",
"instance": {
"id": 500803,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010300/a010354/CNOFS0001_web.png",
"filename": "CNOFS0001_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) was a satellite operated by the U.S. Air Force to study scintillation in Earth's ionosphere that could impact communications and navigation systems. It was launched April 2008 and its orbit decayed in November 2015.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 520244,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "GOES-12 SXI",
"caption": "The Solar X-ray Imager (SXI) aboard GOES-12 is designed to obtain a continuous sequence of coronal x-ray images at a 1-minute cadence. These images are used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Environment Center and the broader community to monitor solar activity for its effects on the Earth's upper atmosphere and near space environment.",
"instance": {
"id": 493893,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003600/a003683/GOESSXI_stand.HD720p.00700_web.png",
"filename": "GOESSXI_stand.HD720p.00700_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Solar X-ray Imager (SXI) aboard GOES-12 is designed to obtain a continuous sequence of coronal x-ray images at a 1-minute cadence. These images are used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Environment Center and the broader community to monitor solar activity for its effects on the Earth's upper atmosphere and near space environment.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402916,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "IMAGE",
"caption": "The Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) was a NASA Medium Explorer mission that studied the magnetosphere's response to the solar wind. It operated from March 2000 to December 2005.",
"instance": {
"id": 527689,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002400/a002435/lens-sphere0209_web.jpg",
"filename": "lens-sphere0209_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) was a NASA Medium Explorer mission that studied the magnetosphere's response to the solar wind. It operated from March 2000 to December 2005.",
"width": 240,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 76800
}
},
{
"id": 402917,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Polar",
"caption": "A NASA spacecraft for studying the polar magnetosphere and aurorae. It operated from February 1996 to April 2008.",
"instance": {
"id": 535116,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002000/a002043/still_polar_hires2000.July.16_2_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "still_polar_hires2000.July.16_2_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A NASA spacecraft for studying the polar magnetosphere and aurorae. It operated from February 1996 to April 2008.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402918,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "RHESSI",
"caption": "The Rueven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) observed X-rays from solar flares in the 4 kiloelectron volt (keV) to over 1 million electron volts (MeV). It launched on February 9, 2002 and last contact was April of 2018.",
"instance": {
"id": 527485,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002400/a002463/ar9906-rotate-nodate0414_web.jpg",
"filename": "ar9906-rotate-nodate0414_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Rueven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) observed X-rays from solar flares in the 4 kiloelectron volt (keV) to over 1 million electron volts (MeV). It launched on February 9, 2002 and last contact was April of 2018.",
"width": 240,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 76800
}
},
{
"id": 402919,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "SORCE",
"caption": "The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SoRCE) measured the broad spectrum of incoming solar radiation, from near-infrared through visible, ultraviolet, and X-ray. It was operational from January 2003 through February of 2020.",
"instance": {
"id": 520402,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002900/a002917/SORCE.1300_web.jpg",
"filename": "SORCE.1300_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SoRCE) measured the broad spectrum of incoming solar radiation, from near-infrared through visible, ultraviolet, and X-ray. It was operational from January 2003 through February of 2020.",
"width": 240,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 76800
}
},
{
"id": 402920,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "TRACE ",
"caption": "The Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) took high-resolution imagery of the Sun at a number of ultraviolet wavelengths. It operated in sun-synchronous orbit from April 1998 through June 2010 when its functionality was largely replaced by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).",
"instance": {
"id": 527332,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002400/a002464/ar99060250_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "ar99060250_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) took high-resolution imagery of the Sun at a number of ultraviolet wavelengths. It operated in sun-synchronous orbit from April 1998 through June 2010 when its functionality was largely replaced by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402921,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40412,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/van-allen-probes/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Van Allen Probes",
"description": "Formally the Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP)!",
"release_date": "2020-03-06T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2020-03-06T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 415780,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004557/LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_searchweb.png",
"filename": "LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This visualization opens with a full view of the radiation belt of trapped electrons circling Earth. We open a slice of the belts, to display a cross-section for clarity and move the camera to a more equatorial view. Earth rotation and solar motion have been turned off for this visualization to reduce distracting additional motions.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370477,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370477",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Space Weather",
"caption": "",
"description": "Flares and CMEs and Auroras, Oh My!",
"items": [
{
"id": 402922,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13787,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13787/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "CME Collection",
"description": "Classic Light-Bulb CMECoronal mass ejection images don't get much clearer than this. The European Space Agency and NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory witnessed this CME on Feb. 27, 2000, from a rare side view. Looking like a light-bulb, this classic image shows the core of the CME, surrounded by a cavity, and then bordered by the leading edge of the CME.This image is what’s called a coronagraph which blocks the light coming from the sun, in order to see the much fainter light from around the sun. Credit: ESA/NASA/SOHO || cmeweek1_c3full.gif (1024x1024) [910.5 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2020-12-28T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2020-12-23T14:48:13.909415-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 380654,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013700/a013787/MDI-Sunspot-Crossings-2001_HD.00001_print.jpg",
"filename": "MDI-Sunspot-Crossings-2001_HD.00001_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "",
"width": 1024,
"height": 1024,
"pixels": 1048576
}
}
},
{
"id": 402923,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Solar Wind",
"caption": "The steady outflow of charged particles, mostly electrons, protons and helium ions and nuclei, from the solar surface. It drives the 'weather' throughout the solar system.",
"instance": {
"id": 473254,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003900/a003956/coronagraphs_stand.SQ1024.00100_web.png",
"filename": "coronagraphs_stand.SQ1024.00100_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The steady outflow of charged particles, mostly electrons, protons and helium ions and nuclei, from the solar surface. It drives the 'weather' throughout the solar system.",
"width": 320,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 102400
}
},
{
"id": 402924,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40052,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/sunspots/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Sunspots",
"description": "Large cooler regions on the solar photosphere where magnetic flux is concentrated.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2020-04-06T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 396012,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004715/Sept2016_CHROMIS4000A_stand.HD1080i.00100_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Sept2016_CHROMIS4000A_stand.HD1080i.00100_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Close-up of Active Region 12593 through the 400 nm filter of the Swedish Solar Telescope. SDO/HMI provides the background image.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402925,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40053,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-flares/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Solar Flares",
"description": "Solar energetic events that can impact Earth.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2021-07-22T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 410531,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012700/a012737/SDO_20170910_131_AR12673X8.00680_searchweb.png",
"filename": "SDO_20170910_131_AR12673X8.00680_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Magnetic eruptions above the solar photosphere that emit x-rays and particles.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402926,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Coronal Mass Ejections",
"caption": "Large eruptions of particles from the Sun driven by energetic events in the solar atmosphere. These events can pose hazards to crewed and un-crewed missions.",
"instance": {
"id": 475214,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011000/a011003/DynamicEarth-Still1_02371_web.png",
"filename": "DynamicEarth-Still1_02371_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Large eruptions of particles from the Sun driven by energetic events in the solar atmosphere. These events can pose hazards to crewed and un-crewed missions.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402927,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Magnetosphere",
"caption": "The magnetic 'bubble' surrounding Earth, and some other planets. It is responsible for trapping charged particles which generate aurora and can disrupt spacecraft in the near-planetary environment.",
"instance": {
"id": 500545,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010300/a010356/THEMIS_ipodLG_web.png",
"filename": "THEMIS_ipodLG_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The magnetic 'bubble' surrounding Earth, and some other planets. It is responsible for trapping charged particles which generate aurora and can disrupt spacecraft in the near-planetary environment.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402928,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40054,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/aurora/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Aurora",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2020-04-06T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 415951,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012523/IMG_7431_web.png",
"filename": "IMG_7431_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Northern & Southern lights, created by the interaction of charged particles carried by the solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere with the atmosphere.",
"width": 213,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 68160
}
}
},
{
"id": 402929,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40074,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/space-weather-modeling/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Space Weather Modeling",
"description": "Energetic events on the Sun can have dramatic impact on Earth and its magnetosphere. These natural events can have significant effects on Earth and space-based technologies that can cause anything from inconveniences (such as minor communications and power disruptions) to high-impact events that have significant political and economic implications (outages of large sections of the electrical power grid and other support infrastructure).\n\nTo better meet these challenges, mathematical models of the heliospheric and geospace environment are under development to better forecast these solar energetic events and their impacts on Earth.\n\nThe visualizations here illustrate two models generated by the CCMC for modeling space weather events. The CCMC hosts many different computational models. Both models were generated based on a single coronal mass ejection (CME) event in December 2006.\n\nEnlil: The Enlil model is a time-dependent 3-D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD, Wikipedia) model of the heliosphere. In these simulations, the model covers a torus-like region around the Sun, with the inner edge at about 0.1 astronomical units (AU) (about 22 solar radii) from the Sun and the outer edge extends beyond the orbit of Mars (1.5 AU). The model extends to 60 degrees above and below the solar equator. The model propagates the changes in particle flows and magnetic fields.\n\nBATS-R-US: BATS-R-US is also an MHD model of plasma from the solar wind moving through the Earth's magnetic dipole field. The model is initialized using measurements of the solar wind density, velocity, temperature, and magnetic field from satellites orbiting L1, such as ACE.",
"release_date": "2010-06-29T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2020-04-06T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 455578,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004167/2012July_high2AU.top.0327_web.png",
"filename": "2012July_high2AU.top.0327_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Enlil model run of the July 23, 2012 CME and events leading up to it. This movie provides a better view of the inner solar system for the CME event. The density color table has been altered accordingly. This view is a 'top-down' view in the plane of Earth's orbit.",
"width": 320,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 102400
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370478,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370478",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Solar Science",
"caption": "",
"description": "Studying the Sun itself.",
"items": [
{
"id": 402930,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Sun",
"caption": "A variety of views of the Sun and it's surrounding environment, usually taken from NASA missions.",
"instance": {
"id": 506030,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003504/coronagraphs_stand.HD720p.01000_web.png",
"filename": "coronagraphs_stand.HD720p.01000_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A variety of views of the Sun and it's surrounding environment, usually taken from NASA missions.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402931,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 4391,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4391/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "The Dynamic Solar Magnetic Field",
"description": "A visualization of the slow changes of the solar magnetic field over the course of four years. || PFSSbasicView_inertial.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg (1024x576) [168.7 KB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial.HD1080i.0400_searchweb.png (180x320) [78.9 KB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial.HD1080i.0400_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [18.1 MB] || PFSSbasicView (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [326.6 MB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial_1080p10.mp4 (1920x1080) [470.2 MB] || PFSSbasicView_HD1080p10.mov (1920x1080) [804.4 MB] || PFSSbasicView_inertial_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [232 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2016-01-29T10:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2024-10-09T00:05:50.144911-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 438574,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004391/PFSSbasicViewHR_inertial.0000_print.jpg",
"filename": "PFSSbasicViewHR_inertial.0000_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "High-resolution still image of the solar magnetic field via PFSS - January 1, 2011.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
"id": 402932,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "SDO Jewelbox",
"caption": "Views of the Sun from multiple wavelengths (mostly ultraviolet not visible from the ground) taken by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).",
"instance": {
"id": 461370,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004117/SDOargoFD_rotorzoom_stand.HD1080i.01800_web.png",
"filename": "SDOargoFD_rotorzoom_stand.HD1080i.01800_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Views of the Sun from multiple wavelengths (mostly ultraviolet not visible from the ground) taken by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402933,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40421,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/the-solar-cycle/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "The Solar Cycle",
"description": "Solar Cycle 25 has begun. The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel announced solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the transition into a new solar cycle. In a press event, experts from the panel, NASA, and NOAA discussed the analysis and Solar Cycle 25 prediction, and how the rise to the next solar maximum and subsequent upswing in space weather will impact our lives and technology on Earth.\nA new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the star transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again; at its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip. Now that the star has passed solar minimum, scientists expect the Sun will grow increasingly active in the months and years to come.\n\nUnderstanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts—including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections—can disturb the satellites and communications signals traveling around Earth, or one day, Artemis astronauts exploring distant worlds. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity.",
"release_date": "2020-09-14T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2020-11-03T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 382532,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013700/a013714/Solar_max_min.00001_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Solar_max_min.00001_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel, an international group of experts co-sponsored by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), announced that solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the start of Solar Cycle 25. Since then, the Sun’s activity has been steadily increasing as it approaches solar maximum — the peak of Solar Cycle 25.A new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the Sun transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again. At its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip.Understanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts, including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, can disturb satellites and communication signals traveling around Earth. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better understand and predict solar activity.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370479,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370479",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Heliosphere",
"caption": "",
"description": "That not-so-empty space between the solar corona and the boundary of \ninterstellar space.",
"items": [
{
"id": 402934,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Heliosphere",
"caption": "That not-so-empty space between the solar corona and the boundary of \ninterstellar space.",
"instance": {
"id": 411586,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004140/Voyager.ChaseV2.clockSlate_Track.HD1080i.03849_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Voyager.ChaseV2.clockSlate_Track.HD1080i.03849_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "That not-so-empty space between the solar corona and the boundary of \ninterstellar space.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370480,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370480",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Magnetospheres",
"caption": "",
"description": "The magnetic fields of small and large bodies around the solar system alter the space plasma near that body.",
"items": [
{
"id": 402935,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Magnetosphere",
"caption": "The Earth's magnetic dipole field helps form a protective shield, called the magnetosphere, around the planet. This 'shield' deflects much of the charged particle radiation emitted by the Sun.",
"instance": {
"id": 511015,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003356/themis_substormHR_GSEmove.0485_searchweb.png",
"filename": "themis_substormHR_GSEmove.0485_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Earth's magnetic dipole field helps form a protective shield, called the magnetosphere, around the planet. This 'shield' deflects much of the charged particle radiation emitted by the Sun.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402936,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 4241,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4241/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Radiation Belts & Plasmapause",
"description": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface) || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg (1024x576) [136.6 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_web.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_searchweb.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD1080.mov (1920x1080) [28.3 MB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD720.mov (1280x720) [10.6 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.webm (960x540) [2.3 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_iPod.m4v (640x360) [3.7 MB] || radiation-belts--plasmapause.hwshow [342 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2014-11-26T13:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-05T22:41:17.330357-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 448594,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004241/Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"filename": "Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface)",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
"id": 402937,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Comparative Magnetospheres",
"caption": "Earth's magnetic field responds differently depending on the intensity of particle radiation from the Sun. Here we compare the magnetosphere's response to a fairly average coronal mass ejection (CME) and a very strong coronal mass ejection.",
"instance": {
"id": 452473,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004188/Earth_December2006_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0300_web.png",
"filename": "Earth_December2006_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0300_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Earth's magnetic field responds differently depending on the intensity of particle radiation from the Sun. Here we compare the magnetosphere's response to a fairly average coronal mass ejection (CME) and a very strong coronal mass ejection.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402938,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Planetary Magnetospheres",
"caption": "Earth isn't the only solar system body with an internally generated magnetic field. Here are some visualizations of simplified versions of magnetospheres of the giant outer planets.",
"instance": {
"id": 458660,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004143/Saturn_SaturnBasic_Dayside.slate_BaseRig.HD1080i.1500_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Saturn_SaturnBasic_Dayside.slate_BaseRig.HD1080i.1500_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Earth isn't the only solar system body with an internally generated magnetic field. Here are some visualizations of simplified versions of magnetospheres of the giant outer planets.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370481,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370481",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Ionosphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere (ITM)",
"caption": "",
"description": "Interesting physics occurs at the boundary layers between the electrically neutral atmospheres of planets and the plasma of space.",
"items": [
{
"id": 402939,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40335,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/interfaceto-space/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Interface to Space",
"description": "The ionosphere is layer of the upper atmosphere (60-1000 km up) where the neutral atoms and molecules of the lower atmosphere transition to the plasma of space.",
"release_date": "2017-06-23T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2022-01-20T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 420098,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004504/IRIDaily.sunward_O+ion.clockSlate_CRTT.UHD3840.001000_searchweb.png",
"filename": "IRIDaily.sunward_O+ion.clockSlate_CRTT.UHD3840.001000_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view of the singly-ionizing oxygen atom on the dayside of Earth. This represents the variation of the enhancments due to variation in the geomagnetic field. In this version, the oxygen ion ionosphere model is sampled at 15 minute cadence which creates some 'jumping' in the ionosphere enhancements.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402940,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40056,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/ionosphere/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Ionosphere",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2022-01-28T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 500789,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010300/a010342/IONOSPHERE0001_web.png",
"filename": "IONOSPHERE0001_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Ionosphere changes animation",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402941,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40055,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/mesosphere/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Mesosphere",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 506525,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003484/aim_seasonb_GEOmove.HRstills.0122_web.jpg",
"filename": "aim_seasonb_GEOmove.HRstills.0122_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "June 23, 2007",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370482,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370482",
"widget": "Tile gallery",
"title": "NASA Heliophysics Resources",
"caption": "",
"description": "We live in an exciting environment: the heliosphere, the exotic outer atmosphere of a star. The heliosphere is an immense magnetic bubble that extends well beyond the orbit of Pluto. This bubble contains our solar system, solar wind, and the entire solar magnetic field. The heliosphere is also the one part of the cosmos accessible to direct scientific investigation; our only hands-on astrophysical laboratory. As our society becomes ever more dependent on technology, we are increasingly susceptible to space weather disturbances in this tumultuous region. We call the study of the connections between the sun and the solar system, Heliophysics.'",
"items": [
{
"id": 402942,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "2003's Halloween Solar Storms",
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 500707,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003566/Multi_View.0400_web.png",
"filename": "Multi_View.0400_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The movie with six synchronized datasets.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402943,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Multi-Mission Solar Movie",
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 524255,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002500/a002509/multisun0710_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "multisun0710_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The expanding bubble of hot plasma expands into SOHO-LASCO C3 field of view just before bursting",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402944,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40223,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/heliophysics-education-resources/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Heliophysics Education Resources",
"description": "Visualizations useful for illustrating key concepts.",
"release_date": "2015-01-16T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2022-04-28T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 500903,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003521/Dynamo.Fields.1000_web.png",
"filename": "Dynamo.Fields.1000_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This movie starts with a view of the Sun with sunspots changing as part of the solar cycle. The surface opens to reveal the interior magnetic field structure.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402945,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Heliophysics Infographics",
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 418164,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004526/OldeTimeHelioMapv4_searchweb.png",
"filename": "OldeTimeHelioMapv4_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Basic Olde Tyme Heliophysics Map.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402946,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40363,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/sounding-rockets/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Sounding Rockets",
"description": "\nFor over 40 years, NASA's Sounding Rocket Program has provided critical scientific, technical, and educational contributions to the nation's space program and is one of the most robust, versatile, and cost-effective flight programs at NASA. \n\nSounding rockets carry scientific instruments into space along a parabolic trajectory. Their overall time in space is brief, typically 5-20 minutes, and at lower vehicle speeds for a well-placed scientific experiment. The short time and low vehicle speeds are more than adequate (in some cases they are ideal) to carry out a successful scientific experiments. Furthermore, there are some important regions of space that are too low for satellites and thus sounding rockets provide the only platforms that can carry out measurements in these regions.\n\nGo to NASA.gov for the latest sounding rocket news.",
"release_date": "2019-05-09T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2026-01-07T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 858880,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/SmallMissions/More_Info.jpg",
"filename": "More_Info.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "\nFor over 40 years, NASA's Sounding Rocket Program has provided critical scientific, technical, and educational contributions to the nation's space program and is one of the most robust, versatile, and cost-effective flight programs at NASA. \n\nSounding rockets carry scientific instruments into space along a parabolic trajectory. Their overall time in space is brief, typically 5-20 minutes, and at lower vehicle speeds for a well-placed scientific experiment. The short time and low vehicle speeds are more than adequate (in some cases they are ideal) to carry out a successful scientific experiments. Furthermore, there are some important regions of space that are too low for satellites and thus sounding rockets provide the only platforms that can carry out measurements in these regions.\n\nGo to NASA.gov for the latest sounding rocket news.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402947,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40300,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/mercury-transit-may2016/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Mercury Transit May 2016",
"description": "On Monday, May 9, 2016, Mercury will transit across the sun. This rare event will begin at 7:11 AM EDT and will continue for more than seven hours. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory will watch this transit from start to finish, ultra high definition images of the event in near real time as it unfolds. This is the first time SDO has captured this transit, which hasn't occurred since 2006. It won't occur again until 2019. NASA Scientists use the transit method to learn more about planets both in our solar system and beyond. Scientists can monitor the brightness of stars, looking for dips in that brightness that signal a transiting planet. Using the transit method, scientists can determine the distance of these planets from their stars, as well as their size and composition. Upcoming missions like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite will use the transit method to search for planets orbiting nearby stars.",
"release_date": "2016-04-29T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2016-05-02T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 858877,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020236/Mercury_Transit_H264.hwshow.thumb.png",
"filename": "Mercury_Transit_H264.hwshow.thumb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "On Monday, May 9, 2016, Mercury will transit across the sun. This rare event will begin at 7:11 AM EDT and will continue for more than seven hours. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory will watch this transit from start to finish, ultra high definition images of the event in near real time as it unfolds. This is the first time SDO has captured this transit, which hasn't occurred since 2006. It won't occur again until 2019. NASA Scientists use the transit method to learn more about planets both in our solar system and beyond. Scientists can monitor the brightness of stars, looking for dips in that brightness that signal a transiting planet. Using the transit method, scientists can determine the distance of these planets from their stars, as well as their size and composition. Upcoming missions like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite will use the transit method to search for planets orbiting nearby stars.",
"width": 252,
"height": 600,
"pixels": 151200
}
}
},
{
"id": 402948,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40120,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/2012venus-transit/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "2012 Venus Transit",
"description": "This gallery contains visuals in support of the June 5, 2012 transit of Venus across the solar disk.",
"release_date": "2012-05-18T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2012-06-14T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 857400,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/gallery/2012VenusTransit/2012_Venus_Transit_banner.jpg",
"filename": "2012_Venus_Transit_banner.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "",
"width": 109,
"height": 572,
"pixels": 62348
}
}
},
{
"id": 402949,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40057,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/eclipses/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Eclipses",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2015-01-21T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 505449,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020138/eclipse_WS1300_web.png",
"filename": "eclipse_WS1300_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Total Solar Eclipse\n",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402950,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40058,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/comets/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Comets",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 507108,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020126/CE0500_web.png",
"filename": "CE0500_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Comet Encke and Solar magnetic Fields",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402951,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40091,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/stereoin-stereo/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "STEREO in Stereo",
"description": "A collection of media related to the STEREO mission which are configured for display by various stereo technologies.",
"release_date": "2011-02-01T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2011-02-01T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 508689,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003424/EUVI_284A_Active_Left_720p_thm.png",
"filename": "EUVI_284A_Active_Left_720p_thm.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Left-eye movie of the Sun in ultraviolet.",
"width": 40,
"height": 80,
"pixels": 3200
}
}
},
{
"id": 402952,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40151,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/heliophysics-fleet-past-present-future/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Heliophysics Fleet - Past - Present - Future",
"description": "Orbits and trajectories of many missions observing the Sun and the near-Earth environment.",
"release_date": "2013-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-09-06T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 474266,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003900/a003966/FutureHelioMissions.slate_HEEmove.HD1080i.1600_web.png",
"filename": "FutureHelioMissions.slate_HEEmove.HD1080i.1600_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This movie illustrates the planned trajectories for Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402953,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12614,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12614/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "SDO Anniversary Series",
"description": "The sun is always changing and NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory is always watching. Launched on Feb. 11, 2010, SDO keeps a 24-hour eye on the entire disk of the sun, with a prime view of the graceful dance of solar material coursing through the sun's atmosphere, the corona.Year 1 || ",
"release_date": "2017-06-02T11:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:37.097598-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 414189,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012600/a012614/Magnificent_Eruption_Still.jpg",
"filename": "Magnificent_Eruption_Still.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Still Image",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402954,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12613,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12613/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "SDO 4k Slow-rotation Sun Resource Page",
"description": "Still Image for page || SDO_Slow_Gallery.jpg (1920x1080) [235.4 KB] || SDO_Slow_Gallery_searchweb.png (320x180) [43.0 KB] || SDO_Slow_Gallery_thm.png (80x40) [3.6 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2017-06-02T11:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:37.037782-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 414192,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012600/a012613/SDO_Slow_Gallery.jpg",
"filename": "SDO_Slow_Gallery.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Still Image for page",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402955,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40117,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/sun-news/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Heliophysics Breaking News",
"description": "This gallery contains an archive of breaking news solar events such as flares, CMEs, solar storms, and comet passes. The most recent material is at the top left, and it progresses back in time left-to-right and top-down. Each page contains video and/or stills of a distinct event or series of linked events.The videos are available at multiple resolutions and compressions, including Apple ProRes 422. Where applicable, there are links to 4k x 4k tif frames.For sun-related background, animations, visualizations and informational content, go here.For pre-recorded, frequently-asked-question interviews with NASA scientists, go here.",
"release_date": "2012-04-04T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2012-04-04T00:00:00-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 371643,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014100/a014152/April_30_X1_flare_131-171-304-Crop.jpg",
"filename": "April_30_X1_flare_131-171-304-Crop.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Same as above, cropped to focus on flaring region.Credit: NASA/SDO",
"width": 1489,
"height": 1483,
"pixels": 2208187
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 370483,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/#media_group_370483",
"widget": "Card gallery",
"title": "Selected Keywords & Series",
"caption": "",
"description": "",
"items": [
{
"id": 402956,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Solar Eclipse",
"caption": "A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon (or other celestial object) passes between the Sun and Earth and the totally obscures the Sun.",
"instance": {
"id": 426393,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020233/Solar_eclipseHD_00840_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Solar_eclipseHD_00840_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon (or other celestial object) passes between the Sun and Earth and the totally obscures the Sun.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402957,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Transit",
"caption": "A transit is very similar to an eclipse in the sense that with respect to the observer, a nearer object passes in front of a more distance object. However, in a transit, the nearer object only partially obscures the more distant object.",
"instance": {
"id": 475548,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003900/a003940/HMIintensity_Track.00300_web.png",
"filename": "HMIintensity_Track.00300_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A transit is very similar to an eclipse in the sense that with respect to the observer, a nearer object passes in front of a more distance object. However, in a transit, the nearer object only partially obscures the more distant object.",
"width": 179,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57280
}
},
{
"id": 402958,
"type": "link",
"extra_data": null,
"title": "Under the Sun",
"caption": "Helioseismology uses the vibrations of the solar photosphere to map the solar interior, kind of like a sonogram.",
"instance": {
"id": 530286,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002200/a002232/mdi0510_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "mdi0510_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Helioseismology uses the vibrations of the solar photosphere to map the solar interior, kind of like a sonogram.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 402959,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40059,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-phenomena/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Solar Phenomena",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 527332,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002400/a002464/ar99060250_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "ar99060250_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) took high-resolution imagery of the Sun at a number of ultraviolet wavelengths. It operated in sun-synchronous orbit from April 1998 through June 2010 when its functionality was largely replaced by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402960,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40060,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-influence/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Solar Influence",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 529575,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002300/a002321/a002321_pre_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "a002321_pre_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Animation of Temperature Response over Europe, 1500 - 1998 C.E.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402961,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40061,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/data-analysis/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Data Analysis",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 521246,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002800/a002862/visd_0001_web.jpg",
"filename": "visd_0001_web.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "We see the Earth to get a sense of the scale in this region.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 402962,
"type": "gallery_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 40062,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/computer-modeling/",
"page_type": "Gallery",
"title": "Computer Modeling",
"description": "No description available.",
"release_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 521369,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002800/a002856/helio0001_web_searchweb.jpg",
"filename": "helio0001_web_searchweb.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "When the solar wind speed is low, the heliosphere is small.",
"width": 180,
"height": 320,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
}
]
}