Music: “The Call,” Torsti Juhani Spoof [BMI] Universal Production Music
Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.
Complete transcript available.
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The room is a class 10,000 clean room with over one million cubic feet of space.The outside half of Roman, called OSD, contains the solar panels and protective layers. The Deployable Aperture Cover, which protects the mirrors during launch and then unfolds to help shield them from sunlight does a test deployment. During this test, lines connect to it and pull upward to negate Earth’s gravitational forces, which Roman will not experience in space. Then the Solar Array Sun Shield panels deploy. There are four panels that move. They fold against the spacecraft to fit inside the rocket fairing and then deploy in space to make a large flat plane that both collects light to generate electricity and helps keep the rest of Roman cool.In preparation for additional testing, technicians put a clean tent over OSD and transport it out of the clean room. They push it into the acoustic test chamber where a six-foot-tall horn projects up to 150-decibel sound at varying frequencies. The other tests are on two vibration tables that shake Roman along all three axes: up/down, left/right, and forward/backward. Engineers attach hundreds of sensors and run tests of increasing intensity. During and after each test, they carefully study the data to make sure that Roman is behaving as they anticipated.While these tests occur, Roman’s inside half, containing the mirrors, instruments and support equipment, move into Goddard’s largest thermal vacuum chamber, the SES (Space Environment Simulator). This 40-foot-tall chamber can simulate the vacuum of space and the wide temperature range that Roman will experience there: from -310° Fahrenheit (-190° C) to 302° Fahrenheit (150° C). The move to the chamber happens without a clean tent, so the entire path was cleaned, and all the workers dress in full clean-room garb to ensure that no dirt contaminates the sensitive parts of the spacecraft. Once the two layers of doors are sealed, Roman spends 72 days inside running through tests at various temperatures and with equipment turned on to ensure that it works at low temperature in a vacuum. A special array installed above the mirror projects light that engineers use to test the optics and sensors.After leaving the SES chamber and returning to the SSDIF, Roman’s primary and secondary mirrors are carefully cleaned and inspected. It is a balance to get the mirrors as clean as possible while not cleaning too aggressively and damaging the delicate surfaces. The mirrors are cleaned both horizontally with a gentle vacuum cleaner and vertically with brushes. After this cleaning, every inch is visually inspected and photographed to record the exact optical characteristics. This was the last time the primary mirror would be accessible.Finally, in late November, Roman’s two halves are joined together to form the complete observatory. The process takes the better part of a day. Two guide poles are installed on the inside half to help direct OSD down onto it. At various times, the clearances between the two halves are only a few inches. 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