Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Gladys Kober",
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"alt_text": "The Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 revealed the infrared afterglow (circled) of the BOAT GRB and its host galaxy, seen nearly edge-on as a sliver of light extending to the burst's upper left. This animation flips between images taken on Nov. 8 and Dec. 4, 2022, one and two months after the eruption. Given its brightness, the burst’s afterglow may remain detectable by telescopes for several years. Each picture combines three near-infrared images taken at wavelengths from 1 to 1.5 microns and is 34 arcseconds across. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Gladys Kober",
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"description": "On Tuesday, March 28, 2023, astronomers meeting at the High Energy Astrophysics Division meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Waikoloa, Hawaii, presented new findings about the BOAT – the brightest of all time gamma-ray burst that erupted in October 2022.
Gamma-ray bursts are the most powerful class of explosions in the universe. The BOAT triggered detectors on numerous spacecraft, and observatories around the globe followed up. Observations of the burst span the spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays, and include data from many NASA and partner missions, including the NICER X-ray telescope on the International Space Station, NASA’s NuSTAR observatory, and even Voyager 1 in interstellar space.
The signal from GRB 221009A had been traveling for about 1.9 billion years before it reached Earth, making it among the closest-known “long” GRBs, whose initial, or prompt, emission lasts more than two seconds. Astronomers think these bursts represent the birth cries of black holes that formed when the cores of massive stars collapsed under their own weight. As it quickly ingests the surrounding matter, the black hole blasts out jets in opposite directions containing particles accelerated to near the speed of light. These jets pierce through the star, emitting X-rays and gamma rays as they stream into space.
NASA's James Webb and Hubble space telescopes searched for the supernova usually found after long bursts, so far to no avail. Observations will continue, but astronomers say it's possible the entire star was swallowed up by the black hole instead of exploding.
The burst is among the closest long GRBs. The jets themselves were not unusually powerful, but they were exceptionally narrow – much like the jet setting of a garden hose – and one was pointed directly at us. The closer to head-on we view a jet, the brighter it appears.
The burst also enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the prompt X-rays traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” of the initial blast in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. The X-ray Telescope on NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory discovered the presence of a series of echoes. Detailed follow-up by ESA’s (the European Space Agency’s) XMM-Newton telescope, together with Swift data, revealed these extraordinary rings were produced by 21 distinct dust clouds.
Astronomers may be able to study the afterglow of this astonishing GRB for years to come.",
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"description": "The Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 revealed the infrared afterglow (circled) of the BOAT GRB and its host galaxy, seen nearly edge-on as a sliver of light extending to upper left from the burst. This composite incorporates images taken on Nov. 8 and Dec. 4, 2022, one and two months after the eruption. Given its brightness, the burst’s afterglow may remain detectable by telescopes for several years. The picture combines three near-infrared images taken each day at wavelengths from 1 to 1.5 microns and is 2.2 arcminutes wide.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Gladys Kober", "items": [ { "id": 206882, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842182, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_circled_1080.jpg", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_circled_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 revealed the infrared afterglow (circled) of the BOAT GRB and its host galaxy, seen nearly edge-on as a sliver of light extending to upper left from the burst. This composite incorporates images taken on Nov. 8 and Dec. 4, 2022, one and two months after the eruption. Given its brightness, the burst’s afterglow may remain detectable by telescopes for several years. The picture combines three near-infrared images taken each day at wavelengths from 1 to 1.5 microns and is 2.2 arcminutes wide.Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Gladys Kober", "width": 975, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1053000 } }, { "id": 206883, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842183, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_circled_2160.jpg", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_circled_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 revealed the infrared afterglow (circled) of the BOAT GRB and its host galaxy, seen nearly edge-on as a sliver of light extending to upper left from the burst. This composite incorporates images taken on Nov. 8 and Dec. 4, 2022, one and two months after the eruption. Given its brightness, the burst’s afterglow may remain detectable by telescopes for several years. The picture combines three near-infrared images taken each day at wavelengths from 1 to 1.5 microns and is 2.2 arcminutes wide.Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Levan (Radboud University); Image Processing: Gladys Kober", "width": 1950, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4212000 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312667, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312667", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "items": [ { "id": 206884, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842184, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_1080.jpg", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "width": 975, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1053000 } }, { "id": 206886, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842186, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_2160.jpg", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "width": 1950, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4212000 } }, { "id": 206888, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842188, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR1108+1204.gif", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR1108+1204.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "width": 512, "height": 512, "pixels": 262144 } }, { "id": 206885, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842185, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_1080.tif", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_1080.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "width": 975, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1053000 } }, { "id": 206887, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842187, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_2160.tif", "filename": "GRB_WFC3IR_mstr_crop_FINAL_no_annotations_2160.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unannotated versions of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 afterglow image (GIF, JPEGs, and TIF).", "width": 1950, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4212000 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312668, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312668", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. 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Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Find 4k master copies here.", "items": [ { "id": 206890, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842216, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.01200_print.jpg", "filename": "Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.01200_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. Astronomers think most occur when the core of a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel, collapses under its own weight, and forms a black hole, as illustrated in this animation. The black hole then drives jets of particles that drill all the way through the collapsing star at nearly the speed of light. These jets pierce through the star, emitting X-rays and gamma rays (magenta) as they stream into space. They then plow into material surrounding the doomed star and produce a multiwavelength afterglow that gradually fades away. The closer to head-on we view one of these jets, the brighter it appears. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterFind 4k master copies here.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 206889, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842215, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.mp4", "filename": "Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. Astronomers think most occur when the core of a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel, collapses under its own weight, and forms a black hole, as illustrated in this animation. The black hole then drives jets of particles that drill all the way through the collapsing star at nearly the speed of light. These jets pierce through the star, emitting X-rays and gamma rays (magenta) as they stream into space. They then plow into material surrounding the doomed star and produce a multiwavelength afterglow that gradually fades away. The closer to head-on we view one of these jets, the brighter it appears. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterFind 4k master copies here.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206891, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842243, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.webm", "filename": "Gamma-ray_Burst_Animation_MkII_1080.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. Astronomers think most occur when the core of a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel, collapses under its own weight, and forms a black hole, as illustrated in this animation. The black hole then drives jets of particles that drill all the way through the collapsing star at nearly the speed of light. These jets pierce through the star, emitting X-rays and gamma rays (magenta) as they stream into space. They then plow into material surrounding the doomed star and produce a multiwavelength afterglow that gradually fades away. The closer to head-on we view one of these jets, the brighter it appears. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterFind 4k master copies here.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312669, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312669", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "GRB 221009A stands tall among previous record-setting long gamma-ray bursts.
Credit: Adam Goldstein, USRA", "items": [ { "id": 206892, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842166, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/221009A_and_friends_v2.gif", "filename": "221009A_and_friends_v2.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A stands tall among previous record-setting long gamma-ray bursts. Credit: Adam Goldstein, USRA", "width": 770, "height": 470, "pixels": 361900 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312670, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312670", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "XMM-Newton images recorded 20 dust rings, 19 of which are shown here in arbitrary colors. This composite merges observations made two and five days after GRB 221009A erupted. Dark stripes indicate gaps between the detectors. A detailed analysis shows that the widest ring visible here, comparable to the apparent size of a full moon, came from dust clouds located about 1,300 light-years away. The innermost ring arose from dust at a distance of 61,000 light-years on the other side of our galaxy. GRB221009A is only the seventh gamma-ray burst to display X-ray rings, and it triples the number previously seen around one.
Credit: ESA/XMM-Newton/M. Rigoselli (INAF)
", "items": [ { "id": 206895, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842156, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_all_rings_XMM_1080.jpg", "filename": "GRB_all_rings_XMM_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "XMM-Newton images recorded 20 dust rings, 19 of which are shown here in arbitrary colors. This composite merges observations made two and five days after GRB 221009A erupted. Dark stripes indicate gaps between the detectors. A detailed analysis shows that the widest ring visible here, comparable to the apparent size of a full moon, came from dust clouds located about 1,300 light-years away. The innermost ring arose from dust at a distance of 61,000 light-years on the other side of our galaxy. GRB221009A is only the seventh gamma-ray burst to display X-ray rings, and it triples the number previously seen around one.Credit: ESA/XMM-Newton/M. Rigoselli (INAF)", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } }, { "id": 206893, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842154, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_all_rings_XMM_2160.jpg", "filename": "GRB_all_rings_XMM_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "XMM-Newton images recorded 20 dust rings, 19 of which are shown here in arbitrary colors. This composite merges observations made two and five days after GRB 221009A erupted. Dark stripes indicate gaps between the detectors. A detailed analysis shows that the widest ring visible here, comparable to the apparent size of a full moon, came from dust clouds located about 1,300 light-years away. The innermost ring arose from dust at a distance of 61,000 light-years on the other side of our galaxy. 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Images captured over 12 days by the X-ray Telescope aboard NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory were combined to make this movie, shown here in arbitrary colors.
Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)
", "items": [ { "id": 206898, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842164, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Swift_rings_221009A_labels_1080.gif", "filename": "Swift_rings_221009A_labels_1080.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "X-rays from the initial flash of GRB 221009A could be detected for weeks as dust in our galaxy scattered the light back to us. This resulted in the appearance of an extraordinary set of expanding rings. Images captured over 12 days by the X-ray Telescope aboard NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory were combined to make this movie, shown here in arbitrary colors. Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } }, { "id": 206899, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842165, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Swift_rings_221009A_labels_512.gif", "filename": "Swift_rings_221009A_labels_512.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "X-rays from the initial flash of GRB 221009A could be detected for weeks as dust in our galaxy scattered the light back to us. This resulted in the appearance of an extraordinary set of expanding rings. Images captured over 12 days by the X-ray Telescope aboard NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory were combined to make this movie, shown here in arbitrary colors. Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)", "width": 512, "height": 512, "pixels": 262144 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312672, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312672", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Same as above but without labels.
Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)
", "items": [ { "id": 206900, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842160, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Swift_rings_221009A_no_labels_1080.gif", "filename": "Swift_rings_221009A_no_labels_1080.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Same as above but without labels.Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } }, { "id": 206901, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842159, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Swift_rings_221009A_no_labels_512.gif", "filename": "Swift_rings_221009A_no_labels_512.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Same as above but without labels.Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester)", "width": 512, "height": 512, "pixels": 262144 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312673, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312673", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "The BOAT burst enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the X-rays from the initial blast traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. This animation shows how it happens. The scattered X-rays travel to us with a slight delay. As seen from Earth, we first see the burst followed by the expanding rings. How dust clouds scatter X-rays depends on their distances, the sizes of their dust grains, and the X-ray energies involved.
Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206902, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842212, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final.gif", "filename": "Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The BOAT burst enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the X-rays from the initial blast traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. This animation shows how it happens. The scattered X-rays travel to us with a slight delay. As seen from Earth, we first see the burst followed by the expanding rings. How dust clouds scatter X-rays depends on their distances, the sizes of their dust grains, and the X-ray energies involved. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1200, "height": 675, "pixels": 810000 } }, { "id": 206903, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842213, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_1080_12fps.mp4", "filename": "Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_1080_12fps.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "The BOAT burst enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the X-rays from the initial blast traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. This animation shows how it happens. The scattered X-rays travel to us with a slight delay. As seen from Earth, we first see the burst followed by the expanding rings. How dust clouds scatter X-rays depends on their distances, the sizes of their dust grains, and the X-ray energies involved. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206905, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842244, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_1080_12fps.webm", "filename": "Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_1080_12fps.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "The BOAT burst enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the X-rays from the initial blast traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. This animation shows how it happens. The scattered X-rays travel to us with a slight delay. As seen from Earth, we first see the burst followed by the expanding rings. How dust clouds scatter X-rays depends on their distances, the sizes of their dust grains, and the X-ray energies involved. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206904, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842214, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov", "filename": "Oct_9_GRB_Bubble_Final_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "The BOAT burst enabled astronomers to probe distant dust clouds in our own galaxy. As the X-rays from the initial blast traveled toward us, some of them reflected off of dust layers, creating extended “light echoes” in the form of X-ray rings expanding from the burst’s location. This animation shows how it happens. The scattered X-rays travel to us with a slight delay. As seen from Earth, we first see the burst followed by the expanding rings. How dust clouds scatter X-rays depends on their distances, the sizes of their dust grains, and the X-ray energies involved. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312674, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312674", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "This illustration shows the BOAT GRB's location (cross) as seen from Earth and our line of sight to it through our Milky Way galaxy.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206906, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842176, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_location_and_sightline_1080.jpg", "filename": "GRB_location_and_sightline_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the BOAT GRB's location (cross) as seen from Earth and our line of sight to it through our Milky Way galaxy. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206908, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842177, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_location_sightline.gif", "filename": "GRB_location_sightline.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the BOAT GRB's location (cross) as seen from Earth and our line of sight to it through our Milky Way galaxy. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1200, "height": 675, "pixels": 810000 } }, { "id": 206909, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842178, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_location_sightline_no_loop.gif", "filename": "GRB_location_sightline_no_loop.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the BOAT GRB's location (cross) as seen from Earth and our line of sight to it through our Milky Way galaxy. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1387, "height": 780, "pixels": 1081860 } }, { "id": 206907, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842175, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/GRB_location_and_sightline_2160.jpg", "filename": "GRB_location_and_sightline_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the BOAT GRB's location (cross) as seen from Earth and our line of sight to it through our Milky Way galaxy. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312675, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312675", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206912, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842168, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/grb_position_from_Earth.gif", "filename": "grb_position_from_Earth.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1200, "height": 675, "pixels": 810000 } }, { "id": 206911, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842169, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/grb_position_from_Earth_marker_only_1080.jpg", "filename": "grb_position_from_Earth_marker_only_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206910, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842170, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/grb_position_from_Earth_marker_only_2160.jpg", "filename": "grb_position_from_Earth_marker_only_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312676, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312676", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206913, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842179, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/grb_position_from_Earth_Sagitta_outline_1080.jpg", "filename": "grb_position_from_Earth_Sagitta_outline_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206914, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842180, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/grb_position_from_Earth_Sagitta_outline_2160.jpg", "filename": "grb_position_from_Earth_Sagitta_outline_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "GRB 221009A appeared in the constellation Sagitta, within the dust-rich central plane of our galaxy, as shown in this illustration. The bright star at upper left is Vega. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312677, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312677", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "This illustration shows the locations of the dust layers associated with the five smallest X-ray rings (inset, circled) from the BOAT GRB. Our Milky Way galaxy is shown in side (top) and plan views. The thick line shows the direction to the burst, and dark patches within it represent the dust layers responsible for producing the X-ray rings. The smallest ring corresponds to the most distant dust, located about 61,000 light-years away from the Sun and 4,600 light-years above the galaxy's midplane.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206915, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842197, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_1080.jpg", "filename": "Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_1080.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the locations of the dust layers associated with the five smallest X-ray rings (inset, circled) from the BOAT GRB. Our Milky Way galaxy is shown in side (top) and plan views. The thick line shows the direction to the burst, and dark patches within it represent the dust layers responsible for producing the X-ray rings. The smallest ring corresponds to the most distant dust, located about 61,000 light-years away from the Sun and 4,600 light-years above the galaxy's midplane.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1079, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1165320 } }, { "id": 206916, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842198, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_2160.jpg", "filename": "Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_2160.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This illustration shows the locations of the dust layers associated with the five smallest X-ray rings (inset, circled) from the BOAT GRB. Our Milky Way galaxy is shown in side (top) and plan views. The thick line shows the direction to the burst, and dark patches within it represent the dust layers responsible for producing the X-ray rings. The smallest ring corresponds to the most distant dust, located about 61,000 light-years away from the Sun and 4,600 light-years above the galaxy's midplane.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 2157, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4659120 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312678, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312678", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Unlabeled version of the above.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206917, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842199, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_1080_no_labels.jpg", "filename": "Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_1080_no_labels.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unlabeled version of the above.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1079, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1165320 } }, { "id": 206918, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842200, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_2160_no_labels.jpg", "filename": "Dust_rings_in_Milky_Way_plan_side_2160_no_labels.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unlabeled version of the above.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 2157, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4659120 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312679, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312679", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Polarization measures the organization of electromagnetic radiation, that is, how well the light waves line up. When fast-moving charged particles spiral along magnetic fields, as shown in this animation, they produce highly organized light called synchrotron radiation. Exploring the polarization of gamma-ray bursts allows astronomers to probe the geometry of magnetic fields within the jets of gamma-ray bursts, providing information about what mechanism close to their black holes generated them.
Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206921, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842161, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Synchrotron_Polarization_Final.gif", "filename": "Synchrotron_Polarization_Final.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Polarization measures the organization of electromagnetic radiation, that is, how well the light waves line up. When fast-moving charged particles spiral along magnetic fields, as shown in this animation, they produce highly organized light called synchrotron radiation. Exploring the polarization of gamma-ray bursts allows astronomers to probe the geometry of magnetic fields within the jets of gamma-ray bursts, providing information about what mechanism close to their black holes generated them. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206920, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842162, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_1080_12fps.mp4", "filename": "Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_1080_12fps.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Polarization measures the organization of electromagnetic radiation, that is, how well the light waves line up. When fast-moving charged particles spiral along magnetic fields, as shown in this animation, they produce highly organized light called synchrotron radiation. Exploring the polarization of gamma-ray bursts allows astronomers to probe the geometry of magnetic fields within the jets of gamma-ray bursts, providing information about what mechanism close to their black holes generated them. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206922, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842205, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_1080_12fps.webm", "filename": "Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_1080_12fps.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Polarization measures the organization of electromagnetic radiation, that is, how well the light waves line up. When fast-moving charged particles spiral along magnetic fields, as shown in this animation, they produce highly organized light called synchrotron radiation. Exploring the polarization of gamma-ray bursts allows astronomers to probe the geometry of magnetic fields within the jets of gamma-ray bursts, providing information about what mechanism close to their black holes generated them. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 206919, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842163, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov", "filename": "Synchrotron_Polarization_Final_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Polarization measures the organization of electromagnetic radiation, that is, how well the light waves line up. When fast-moving charged particles spiral along magnetic fields, as shown in this animation, they produce highly organized light called synchrotron radiation. Exploring the polarization of gamma-ray bursts allows astronomers to probe the geometry of magnetic fields within the jets of gamma-ray bursts, providing information about what mechanism close to their black holes generated them. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312680, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312680", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Voyager 1, located 14.7 billion miles from Earth, detected the BOAT GRB on Oct. 8, 2022.
Credit: NASA's Eyes on the Solar System", "items": [ { "id": 206923, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842174, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/V1_burst.gif", "filename": "V1_burst.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Voyager 1, located 14.7 billion miles from Earth, detected the BOAT GRB on Oct. 8, 2022.Credit: NASA's Eyes on the Solar System", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312681, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312681", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "The ESA (European Space Agency) missions Gaia and INTEGRAL detected the BOAT's intense pulse of high-energy radiation as it approached Earth on Oct. 9, 2022.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206924, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842173, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Gaia_burst.gif", "filename": "Gaia_burst.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The ESA (European Space Agency) missions Gaia and INTEGRAL detected the BOAT's intense pulse of high-energy radiation as it approached Earth on Oct. 9, 2022.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312682, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312682", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "The Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope triggered on the BOAT just before 9:17 a.m. EST, and the wave of high-energy radiation was detected on Earth by ground-based gamma-ray observatories. NASA's Swift satellite missed the show because Earth was blocking its view. The burst's afterglow was so bright that, almost an hour later, Swift's Burst Alert Telescope was triggered by it.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206925, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842172, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Fermi_Swift_burst.gif", "filename": "Fermi_Swift_burst.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope triggered on the BOAT just before 9:17 a.m. EST, and the wave of high-energy radiation was detected on Earth by ground-based gamma-ray observatories. NASA's Swift satellite missed the show because Earth was blocking its view. The burst's afterglow was so bright that, almost an hour later, Swift's Burst Alert Telescope was triggered by it.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312683, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312683", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "NASA's Wind and Advanced Composition Explorer satellites, stationed almost a million miles sunward of Earth, detected the BOAT GRB about 1.2 seconds after the pulse of energy swept past Earth.
Caption: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206926, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842167, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/ACE_Wind.gif", "filename": "ACE_Wind.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's Wind and Advanced Composition Explorer satellites, stationed almost a million miles sunward of Earth, detected the BOAT GRB about 1.2 seconds after the pulse of energy swept past Earth.Caption: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312684, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312684", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "NASA's Mars Odyssey and MAVEN spacecraft at Mars detected the BOAT about 3.9 minutes after its energy swept over Earth.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "items": [ { "id": 206927, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 842171, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014317/Mars_burst.gif", "filename": "Mars_burst.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's Mars Odyssey and MAVEN spacecraft at Mars detected the BOAT about 3.9 minutes after its energy swept over Earth.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312685, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317/#media_group_312685", "widget": "Basic text", "title": "For More Information", "caption": "", "description": "See [NASA.gov](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-missions-study-what-may-be-a-1-in-10000-year-gamma-ray-burst/)", "items": [], "extra_data": {} } ], "studio": "gms", "funding_sources": [ "NASA Astrophysics" ], "credits": [ { "role": "Science writer", "people": [ { "name": "Francis Reddy", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" } ] }, { "role": "Producer", "people": [ { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC" } ] }, { "role": "Graphics", "people": [ { "name": "Francis Reddy", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" } ] }, { "role": "Animator", "people": [ { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC" } ] }, { "role": "Scientist", "people": [ { "name": "Brad Cenko", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" }, { "name": "Eric Burns", "employer": "Louisiana State University" } ] } ], "missions": [ "Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope", "Hubble", "Swift", "XMM Newton" ], "series": [ "Astrophysics Animations", "Astrophysics Presentations", "Astrophysics Stills" ], "tapes": [], "papers": [ "Focus issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters", "Focus issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters" ], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Universe" ], "keywords": [ "Ast", "Astrophysics", "Black Hole", "Fermi", "Galaxy", "Gamma Ray", "Gamma Ray Burst", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Space", "Star", "Supernova", "Swift", "X-ray", "XMM-Newton observatory" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [ { "id": 14634, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14634/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Fermi Finds Novel Feature in BOAT Gamma-Ray Burst", "description": "The brightest gamma-ray burst yet recorded gave scientists a new high-energy feature to study. Learn what NASA’s Fermi mission saw, and what this feature may be telling us about the burst’s light-speed jets. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: “Tides,” Jon Cotton [PRS] and Ben Niblett [PRS], Universal Production MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Distant_GRB_still.jpg (3840x2160) [2.5 MB] || 14634_Fermi_GRB_Emission_Line_Under100.mp4 (1920x1080) [90.7 MB] || 14634_Fermi_GRB_Emission_Line_Best.mp4 (1920x1080) [422.0 MB] || 14634FermiGRBEmissionLine_Captions.en_US.srt [4.4 KB] || 14634FermiGRBEmissionLine_Captions.en_US.vtt [4.2 KB] || 14634_Fermi_GRB_Emission_Line_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [2.8 GB] || ", "release_date": "2024-07-25T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-07-25T09:28:28.467746-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1095632, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014600/a014634/GRB_JetEmerge_4k_00128_print.jpg", "filename": "GRB_JetEmerge_4k_00128_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A jet of particles moving at nearly light speed emerges from a massive star in this artist’s concept. The star’s core ran out of fuel and collapsed into a black hole. Some of the matter swirling toward the black hole was redirected into dual jets firing in opposite directions. We see a gamma-ray burst when one of these jets happens to point directly at Earth. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image LabImage description: Against a cloudy white and purple background, part of a bright blue-white star is visible at lower left. Emerging from the star and stretching diagonally across the frame is a narrow line, looking white nearest the star and becoming magenta farther away. At far right, the line — one of the dying star’s particle jets — forms a large, rounded blob. The image is watermarked “Artist’s concept.”", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 14373, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14373/", "page_type": "Infographic", "title": "ComPair Infographic", "description": "Explore this infographic to learn more about ComPair and scientific ballooning.Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight CenterMachine-readable PDF copy || ComPair_Infographic_Final.jpg (5100x6600) [3.3 MB] || ComPair_Infographic_Final.png (5100x6600) [11.7 MB] || ComPair_Infographic_Final-half.jpg (2550x3300) [1.3 MB] || ComPair_Infographic_Final-half.png (2550x3300) [3.8 MB] || ", "release_date": "2023-08-08T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-08-09T13:12:03-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 857254, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014373/ComPair_Thumbnail_print.jpg", "filename": "ComPair_Thumbnail_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These elements from the infographic above show the ComPair instrument on the left and its location on the gondola on the right.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 14227, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14227/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA Missions Detect Record-Breaking Burst", "description": "Swift’s X-Ray Telescope captured the afterglow of GRB 221009A about an hour after it was first detected. The bright rings form as a result of X-rays scattered by otherwise unobservable dust layers within our galaxy that lie in the direction of the burst. The dark vertical line is an artifact of the imaging system.Credit: NASA/Swift/A. Beardmore (University of Leicester) || XRT_image_crop.jpg (1084x1080) [629.3 KB] || XRT_image_crop_print.jpg (1024x1020) [657.0 KB] || XRT_image_crop_searchweb.png (320x180) [133.7 KB] || XRT_image_crop_web.png (320x318) [191.7 KB] || XRT_image_crop_thm.png (80x40) [26.1 KB] || ", "release_date": "2022-10-13T15:30:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-06T01:35:18.251897-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 368759, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014200/a014227/LAT_221009A_burst_opt_1080.gif", "filename": "LAT_221009A_burst_opt_1080.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This sequence constructed from Fermi Large Area Telescope data reveals the sky in gamma rays centered on the location of GRB 221009A. Each frame shows gamma rays with energies greater than 100 million electron volts (MeV), where brighter colors indicate a stronger gamma-ray signal. In total, they represent more than 10 hours of observations. The glow from the midplane of our Milky Way galaxy appears as a wide diagonal band. The image is about 20 degrees across.Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } }, { "id": 13886, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13886/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA's Fermi Spots 'Fizzled' Burst from Collapsing Star", "description": "Astronomers combined data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, other space missions, and ground-based observatories to reveal the origin of GRB 200826A, a brief but powerful burst of radiation. It’s the shortest burst known to be powered by a collapsing star – and almost didn’t happen at all. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Inducing Waves\" from Universal Production MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Fizzled_GRB_Still.jpg (1920x1080) [740.9 KB] || Fizzled_GRB_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [286.8 KB] || Fizzled_GRB_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [72.2 KB] || Fizzled_GRB_Still_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || 13886_Fizzled_GRB_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [147.2 MB] || 13886_Fizzled_GRB_1080_Best.mp4 (1920x1080) [453.2 MB] || 13886_Fizzled_GRB_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [2.5 GB] || 13886_Fizzled_GRB_1080.webm (1920x1080) [22.5 MB] || ", "release_date": "2021-07-26T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:03.592479-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 377998, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013800/a013886/Fizzled_GRB_Still.jpg", "filename": "Fizzled_GRB_Still.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Astronomers combined data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, other space missions, and ground-based observatories to reveal the origin of GRB 200826A, a brief but powerful burst of radiation. It’s the shortest burst known to be powered by a collapsing star – and almost didn’t happen at all. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Inducing Waves\" from Universal Production MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 12102, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12102/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Fermi Hyperwall--2016 AAS, A Walk Through Fermi Science", "description": "3x3 hyperwall-resolution image of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope with instruments labeled.Credit: NASA/JIm Grossmann || Fermi_Hyperwall_2_2_Instruments_5760_print.jpg (1024x576) [86.4 KB] || Fermi_Hyperwall_2_2_Instruments_5760.png (5760x3240) [32.3 MB] || fermi-2-2-Instruments.hwshow [294 bytes] || For additional Fermi hyperwall visuals please check the second hyperwall page || ", "release_date": "2016-01-04T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-02-02T23:19:06.683901-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 436733, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012100/a012102/Fermi_Hyperwall_2_9_BubblesTemp_5k_print.jpg", "filename": "Fermi_Hyperwall_2_9_BubblesTemp_5k_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "3x3 hyperwall-resolution image of the Fermi bubbles.Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 11407, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11407/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Briefing Materials: NASA Missions Explore Record-Setting Cosmic Blast", "description": "On Thursday, Nov. 21, 2013, NASA held a media teleconference to discuss new findings related to a brilliant gamma-ray burst detected on April 27. Audio of the teleconference is available for download here.Related feature story: www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasa-sees-watershed-cosmic-blast-in-unique-detail/.Audio of Sylvia Zhu interview for a Science Podcast. Briefing Speakers Introduction: Paul Hertz, NASA Astrophysics Division Director, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.Charles Dermer, astrophysicist, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.Thomas Vestrand, astrophysicist, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.Chryssa Kouveliotou, astrophysicist, NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. Presenter 1: Charles Dermer || ", "release_date": "2013-11-21T14:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:51:26.416266-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 460887, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011400/a011407/Nebula-Jet_Still_1.jpg", "filename": "Nebula-Jet_Still_1.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. Astronomers think most occur when the core of a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel, collapses under its own weight, and forms a black hole. The black hole then drives jets of particles that drill all the way through the collapsing star at nearly the speed of light. Artist's rendering.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center ", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 11261, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11261/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA's Fermi, Swift See 'Shockingly Bright' Gamma-ray Burst", "description": "A record-setting blast of gamma rays from a dying star in a distant galaxy has wowed astronomers around the world. The eruption, which is classified as a gamma-ray burst, or GRB, and designated GRB 130427A, produced the highest-energy light ever detected from such an event.The GRB lasted so long that a record number of telescopes on the ground were able to catch it while space-based observations were still ongoing.Just after 3:47 a.m. EDT on Saturday, April 27, Fermi's Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) triggered on an eruption of high-energy light in the constellation Leo. The burst occurred as NASA's Swift satellite was slewing between targets, which delayed its Burst Alert Telescope's detection by less than a minute. Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT) recorded one gamma ray with an energy of at least 94 billion electron volts (GeV), or some 35 billion times the energy of visible light, and about three times greater than the LAT's previous record. The GeV emission from the burst lasted for hours, and it remained detectable by the LAT for the better part of a day, setting a new record for the longest gamma-ray emission from a GRB.The burst subsequently was detected in optical, infrared and radio wavelengths by ground-based observatories, based on the rapid accurate position from Swift. Astronomers quickly learned that the GRB was located about 3.6 billion light-years away, which for these events is relatively close.Gamma-ray bursts are the universe's most luminous explosions. Astronomers think most occur when massive stars run out of nuclear fuel and collapse under their own weight. As the core collapses into a black hole, jets of material shoot outward at nearly the speed of light. The jets bore all the way through the collapsing star and continue into space, where they interact with gas previously shed by the star and generate bright afterglows that fade with time. If the GRB is near enough, astronomers usually discover a supernova at the site a week or so after the outburst. This GRB is in the closest 5 percent of bursts, so ground-based observatories are monitoring its location in hopes of finding an underlying supernova. || ", "release_date": "2013-05-03T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:11.580337-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 465852, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011261/GRB_LAT_B4_AFTER_2.jpg", "filename": "GRB_LAT_B4_AFTER_2.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These maps, both centered on the north galactic pole, show how the sky looks at gamma-ray energies above 100 million electron volts (MeV). The first frame shows the sky during a three-hour interval prior to GRB 130427A. The second frame shows a three-hour interval starting 2.5 hours before the burst, and ending 30 minutes into the event. The Fermi team chose this interval to demonstrate how bright the burst was relative to the rest of the gamma-ray sky. This burst was bright enough that Fermi autonomously left its normal surveying mode to give the LAT instrument a better view, so the three-hour exposure following the burst does not cover the whole sky in the usual way. Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "pixels": 1166400 } } ], "sources": [ { "id": 20378, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20378/", "page_type": "Animation", "title": "Long Gamma-Ray Burst", "description": "Complete animation sequence.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab || GRB_Sequence_Still.jpg (3840x2160) [1.6 MB] || 20378_GRB_Sequence_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [41.7 MB] || 20378_GRB_Sequence_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [109.7 MB] || 20378_GRB_Sequence_ProRes_3840x2160_30.mov (3840x2160) [1.4 GB] || ", "release_date": "2023-09-19T18:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-09T15:53:45.614396-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 855549, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020300/a020378/GRB_afterglow_4k_30fps_proRes.00150_print.jpg", "filename": "GRB_afterglow_4k_30fps_proRes.00150_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Distant shot revealing both particle jets interacting with circumstellar dust and gas.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }