Credit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt and M. Troxel\r
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"alt_text": "This video begins by showing the most distant galaxies in the simulated deep field image in red. As it zooms out, layers of nearer (yellow and white) galaxies are added to the frame. By studying different cosmic epochs, Roman will be able to trace the universe's expansion history, study how galaxies developed over time, and much more.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt and M. Troxel\r",
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"alt_text": "This video begins by showing the most distant galaxies in the simulated deep field image in red. As it zooms out, layers of nearer (yellow and white) galaxies are added to the frame. By studying different cosmic epochs, Roman will be able to trace the universe's expansion history, study how galaxies developed over time, and much more.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt and M. Troxel\r",
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"description": "Scientists have created a gargantuan synthetic survey that shows what we can expect from the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope’s future observations. Though it represents just a small chunk of the real future survey, this simulated version contains a staggering number of galaxies – 33 million of them, along with 200,000 foreground stars in our home galaxy. \r
\r
The simulation will help scientists plan the best observing strategies, test different ways to mine the mission’s vast quantities of data, and explore what we can learn from tandem observations with other telescopes.\r
\r
The team drew data from a mock universe originally developed to support science planning with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, which is located in Chile and set to begin full operations in 2024. Because the Roman and Rubin simulations use the same source, astronomers can compare them and see what they can expect to learn from pairing the telescopes’ observations once they’re both actively scanning the universe.",
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"description": "This graphic compares the relative sizes of the synthetic image (inset, outlined in orange), the whole area astronomers simulated (the square in the upper-middle outlined in green), and the size of the complete future survey astronomers will conduct (the large square in the lower-left outlined in blue). The background, from the Digitized Sky Survey, illustrates how much sky area each region covers. The synthetic image covers about as much sky as a full moon, and the future Roman survey will cover much more area than the Big Dipper. While it would take Hubble or Webb around a thousand years to image an area as large as the future survey, Roman will do it in just over seven months.\r
Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and M. Troxel\r
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Credit: M. Troxel and Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r
", "items": [ { "id": 207310, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765243, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Simulated_Deep_Field.jpg", "filename": "Roman_Simulated_Deep_Field.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This simulated Roman deep field image, containing hundreds of thousands of galaxies, represents just 1.3 percent of the synthetic survey, which is itself just one percent of Roman's planned survey. The galaxies are color coded – redder ones are farther away and whiter ones are nearer. The simulation showcases Roman’s power to conduct large, deep surveys and study the universe statistically in ways that aren’t possible with current telescopes.\rCredit: M. Troxel and Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 7884, "height": 7884, "pixels": 62157456 } }, { "id": 207311, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765244, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Simulated_Deep_Field_3k.jpg", "filename": "Roman_Simulated_Deep_Field_3k.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This simulated Roman deep field image, containing hundreds of thousands of galaxies, represents just 1.3 percent of the synthetic survey, which is itself just one percent of Roman's planned survey. The galaxies are color coded – redder ones are farther away and whiter ones are nearer. The simulation showcases Roman’s power to conduct large, deep surveys and study the universe statistically in ways that aren’t possible with current telescopes.\rCredit: M. Troxel and Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 3000, "height": 3000, "pixels": 9000000 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312836, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14301/#media_group_312836", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\r
Credit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r
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Hurt\r", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 207319, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765282, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_Wide-HD2K.webm", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_Wide-HD2K.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 207312, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765334, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_Full6K.mov", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_Full6K.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. 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Hurt\r", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 207314, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765336, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_Narrow.mov", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_Narrow.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 207315, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765337, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_Wide-4K.m4v", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_Wide-4K.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 207316, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765338, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_Wide.mov", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_Wide.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "This animation shows the type of science that astronomers will be able to do with future Roman deep field observations. The gravity of intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter can lens the light from farther objects, warping their appearance as shown in the animation. By studying the distorted light, astronomers can study elusive dark matter, which can only measured indirectly through its gravitational effects on visible matter. As a bonus, this lensing also makes it easier to see the most distant galaxies whose light they magnify.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt\r", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312837, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14301/#media_group_312837", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Same as above. Square GIF version.\r
Credit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt", "items": [ { "id": 207320, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765247, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_5MB.gif", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_5MB.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Same as above. Square GIF version.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt", "width": 500, "height": 500, "pixels": 250000 } }, { "id": 207321, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 765248, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014301/Roman_Lensing_sub_3.gif", "filename": "Roman_Lensing_sub_3.gif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Same as above. Square GIF version.\rCredit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt", "width": 400, "height": 400, "pixels": 160000 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 312838, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14301/#media_group_312838", "widget": "Basic text", "title": "For More Information", "caption": "", "description": "See [https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/millions-of-galaxies-emerge-in-new-simulated-images-from-nasas-roman](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/millions-of-galaxies-emerge-in-new-simulated-images-from-nasas-roman)", "items": [], "extra_data": {} } ], "studio": "gms", "funding_sources": [ "NASA Astrophysics" ], "credits": [ { "role": "Science writer", "people": [ { "name": "Ashley Balzer", "employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc." } ] }, { "role": "Visualizer", "people": [ { "name": "Robert Hurt", "employer": "Caltech-IPAC" } ] }, { "role": "Producer", "people": [ { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC" } ] }, { "role": "Graphics", "people": [ { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC" } ] } ], "missions": [ "Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope" ], "series": [ "Astrophysics Simulations", "Astrophysics Stills", "Astrophysics Visualizations" ], "tapes": [], "papers": [], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Universe" ], "keywords": [ "Dark Matter", "Galaxy", "Gravitational Lensing", "Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [ { "id": 14749, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14749/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "OpenUniverse: Simulated Universe Views for Roman", "description": "This video begins with a tiny one-square-degree portion of the full OpenUniverse simulation area (about 70 square degrees, equivalent to an area of sky covered by more than 300 full moons). It spirals in toward a particularly galaxy-dense region, zooming by a factor of 75. This simulation showcases the cosmos as NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope could see it, allowing scientists to preview the next generation of cosmic discovery now. Roman’s real future surveys will enable a deep dive into the universe with highly resolved imaging, as demonstrated in this video.Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and M. Troxel || OpenUniverseFullZoom_4k_Best.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [111.9 KB] || OpenUniverseFullZoom_4k_Good.mp4 (3840x2160) [101.9 MB] || OpenUniverseFullZoom_4k_Best.mp4 (3840x2160) [249.3 MB] || OpenUniverseFullZoom_ProRes_3840x2160_30.mov (3840x2160) [2.9 GB] || ", "release_date": "2025-01-14T10:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-03-11T10:53:17.300160-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1140877, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014700/a014749/OpenUniverse_Roman_Field_Still_V2_searchweb.png", "filename": "OpenUniverse_Roman_Field_Still_V2_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Each tiny dot in the image at left is a galaxy simulated by the OpenUniverse campaign. The one-square-degree image offers a small window into the full simulation area, which is about 70 square degrees (equivalent to an area of sky covered by more than 300 full moons), while the inset at right is a close-up of an area 75 times smaller (1/600th the size of the full area). This simulation showcases the cosmos as NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope could see it. Roman will expand on the largest space-based galaxy survey like it – the Hubble Space Telescope’s COSMOS survey – which imaged two square degrees of sky over the course of 42 days. In only 250 days, Roman will view more than a thousand times more of the sky with the same resolution.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and M. Troxel", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 14604, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14604/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA’s Roman Mission Gets Cosmic ‘Sneak Peek’ From Supercomputers", "description": "This graphic highlights part of a new simulation of what NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope could see when it launches by May 2027. The background spans about 0.11 square degrees (roughly equivalent to half of the area of sky covered by a full Moon), representing less than half the area Roman will see in a single snapshot. The inset zooms in to a region 300 times smaller, showcasing a swath of brilliant synthetic galaxies at Roman’s full resolution. Having such a realistic simulation helps scientists study the physics behind cosmic images –– both synthetic ones like these and future real ones. Researchers will use the observations for many types of science, including testing our understanding of the origin, evolution, and ultimate fate of the universe.Credit: C. Hirata and K. Cao (OSU) and NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center || Roman_Simulation_Popout_2k_deg.jpg (2048x2048) [979.2 KB] || ", "release_date": "2024-06-12T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-06-10T15:12:02.603511-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1093182, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014600/a014604/Roman_Simulation_Popout_2k_No_Labels.jpg", "filename": "Roman_Simulation_Popout_2k_No_Labels.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Unlabeled version of the above.", "width": 2048, "height": 2048, "pixels": 4194304 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }