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    "title": "What is Plasma?",
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            "description": "<p><p><p><a href=\"/vis/a010000/a014200/a014299/script_34126_00.html\">Complete transcript</a> available.</p><p><p><p>Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center<p>Music credit: “Artificial Intelligence” by Matteo Pagamici [SUISA], Max Molling [SUISA] via Universal Production Music",
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            "description": "See the following sources:\n\n* [https://mms.gsfc.nasa.gov/about_mms.html](https://mms.gsfc.nasa.gov/about_mms.html)\n* [https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/magnetic_reconnection_infographic.pdf](https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/magnetic_reconnection_infographic.pdf)",
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    "related": [
        {
            "id": 14805,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14805/",
            "page_type": "Animation",
            "title": "TRACERS Spacecraft Beauty Passes",
            "description": "The TRACERS, or the Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, mission will help scientists understand an explosive process called magnetic reconnection and its effects in Earth’s atmosphere. Magnetic reconnection occurs when magnetic fields and particles from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field. By understanding this process, scientists will be able to better understand and prepare for impacts of solar activity on Earth, such as auroras and disruptions to telecommunications.Learn more about the mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/tracers/ || ",
            "release_date": "2025-03-24T12:00:00-04:00",
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                "alt_text": "Beauty Pass – 4KCredit: University of Iowa / Andy Kale",
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    "sources": [
        {
            "id": 14137,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14137/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble: Not Yet Imagined",
            "description": "Hubble's launch and deployment in April 1990 marked the most significant advance in astronomy since Galileo's telescope. Thanks to five servicing missions and more than 30 years of operation, our view of the universe and our place within it has never been the same.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. Music & Sound“The Hope That Remains” by Frederik Wiedmann [BMI] via Killer Tracks [BMI] and Universal Production Music.Soundbite of Carl SaganGeorge C. Marshall Space Flight Center’sSpace Telescope: An Observatory in SpaceESA Credit2.5D Edwin Hubble Hubblecast 89 Edwin Hubble2.5D Nancy Grace Roman Hubblecast 113 Nancy Roman — The mother of HubbleFlythrough #1 FROM Hubblecast 104 Illustrating Hubble’s discoveriesFlythrough #2 FROM Hubblecast 128 30 Years of Science with the Hubble SpaceTelescope || ",
            "release_date": "2022-04-27T09:55:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T11:44:12.040398-04:00",
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                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Master VersionHorizontal version. This is for use on any YouTube or non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.",
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        {
            "id": 14045,
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            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "NASA's Parker Solar Probe Touches The Sun For The First Time",
            "description": "For the first time in history, a spacecraft has touched the Sun. NASA’s Parker Solar Probe has now flown through the Sun’s upper atmosphere – the corona – and sampled particles and magnetic fields there.  The new milestone marks one major step for Parker Solar Probe and one giant leap for solar science. Just as landing on the Moon allowed scientists to understand how it was formed, touching the very stuff the Sun is made of will help scientists uncover critical information about our closest star and its influence on the solar system. More information here. || ",
            "release_date": "2021-12-14T12:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:43:39.325301-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 374367,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014000/a014045/NHQ_2018_0812_Parker_Solar_Probe_Mission_Launches_to_Touch_the_Sun_-_orig.00400_print.jpg",
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                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Launch FootageThe United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket launches NASA's Parker Solar Probe to touch the Sun, Sunday, Aug. 12, 2018 from Launch Complex 37 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida.Credit: NASA",
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                "height": 576,
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        },
        {
            "id": 13852,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13852/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "NASA’s Roman Mission to Probe Cosmic Secrets Using Exploding Stars",
            "description": "NASA’s upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will see thousands of exploding stars called supernovae across vast stretches of time and space. Using these observations, astronomers aim to shine a light on several cosmic mysteries, providing a window onto the universe’s distant past and hazy present.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Relentless Data\" from Universal Production MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Supernova_IA_1285_print.jpg (1024x576) [53.0 KB] || Supernova_IA_1285.png (3840x2160) [5.0 MB] || Supernova_IA_1285_searchweb.png (320x180) [46.9 KB] || Supernova_IA_1285_thm.png (80x40) [4.6 KB] || 13852_Roman_Standard_Candle_Supernovae_1080_Best.webm (1920x1080) [28.3 MB] || 13852_Roman_Standard_Candle_Supernovae_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [136.7 MB] || 13852_Roman_Standard_Candle_Supernovae_1080_Best.mp4 (1920x1080) [654.2 MB] || 13852RomanStandardCandleSupernovaeCaptionsFix.en_US.srt [4.7 KB] || 13852RomanStandardCandleSupernovaeCaptionsFix.en_US.vtt [4.7 KB] || 13852_Roman_Standard_Candle_Supernovae_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [3.2 GB] || ",
            "release_date": "2021-05-26T10:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-07-15T08:39:31.180763-04:00",
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                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "NASA’s upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will see thousands of exploding stars called supernovae across vast stretches of time and space. Using these observations, astronomers aim to shine a light on several cosmic mysteries, providing a window onto the universe’s distant past and hazy present.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Relentless Data\" from Universal Production MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
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        },
        {
            "id": 13714,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13714/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Solar Cycle 25 Is Here. NASA, NOAA Scientists Explain What This Means",
            "description": "Solar Cycle 25 has begun. The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel announced solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the transition into a new solar cycle. In a press event, experts from the panel, NASA, and NOAA discussed the analysis and Solar Cycle 25 prediction, and how the rise to the next solar maximum and subsequent upswing in space weather will impact our lives and technology on Earth.A new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the star transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again; at its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip. Now that the star has passed solar minimum, scientists expect the Sun will grow increasingly active in the months and years to come.Understanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts—including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections—can disturb the satellites and communications signals traveling around Earth, or one day, Artemis astronauts exploring distant worlds. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity.Click here for the NOAA press kit.Listen to the media telecon.Participants:• Lisa Upton, Co-chair, Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel; Solar Physicist, Space Systems Research Corporation• Doug Biesecker, Solar Physicist, NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center; Co-chair, Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel• Elsayed Talaat, Director, Office of Projects, Planning and Analysis; NOAA’s Satellite and Information Service • Lika Guhathakurta, Heliophysicist, Heliophysics Division, NASA Headquarters • Jake Bleacher, Chief Exploration Scientist, NASA Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate || ",
            "release_date": "2020-09-15T13:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:42.266856-04:00",
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                "id": 382531,
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                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "2. VIDEOImages from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory highlight the appearance of the Sun at solar minimum (left, Dec. 2019) versus solar maximum (right, April 2014). These images are in the 171 wavelength of extreme ultraviolet light, which reveals the active regions on the Sun that are more common during solar maximum. Credit: NASA",
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        },
        {
            "id": 13687,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13687/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "NASA Spacecraft Uncover Mystery Behind Auroral Beads",
            "description": "A special type of aurora, draped east-west across the night sky like a glowing pearl necklace, is helping scientists better understand the science of auroras and their powerful drivers out in space. Known as auroral beads, these lights often show up just before large auroral displays, which are caused by electrical storms in space called substorms. Until now, scientists weren’t sure if auroral beads are somehow connected to other auroral displays as a phenomenon in space that precedes substorms, or if they are caused by disturbances closer to Earth’s atmosphere.But powerful new computer models, combined with observations from NASA’s Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms – THEMIS – mission, have provided the first direct evidence of the events in space that lead to the appearance of these beads, and demonstrated the important role they play in our local space environment. || ",
            "release_date": "2020-08-14T10:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2020-08-14T09:18:15-04:00",
            "main_image": {
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                "filename": "13687_AuroralBeads_YouTube.00320_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Complete transcript available.Music credit: “Intrigues and Plots” and “Repetitive Motion” by Laurent Dury [SACEM] from Universal Production Music Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.",
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        },
        {
            "id": 12901,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12901/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "NASA Spacecraft Finds New Magnetic Process in Turbulent Space",
            "description": "Though close to home, the space immediately around Earth is full of hidden secrets and invisible processes. In a new discovery reported in the journal Nature, scientists working with NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft — MMS — have uncovered a new type of magnetic event in our near-Earth environment by using an innovative technique to squeeze extra information out of the data.Magnetic reconnection is one of the most important processes in the space — filled with charged particles known as plasma — around Earth. This fundamental process dissipates magnetic energy and propels charged particles, both of which contribute to a dynamic space weather system that scientists want to better understand, and even someday predict, as we do terrestrial weather.  Reconnection occurs when crossed magnetic field lines snap, explosively flinging away nearby particles at high speeds. The new discovery found reconnection where it has never been seen before — in turbulent plasma. || ",
            "release_date": "2018-05-09T13:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:49.900876-04:00",
            "main_image": {
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                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012900/a012901/LARGE_MP4_12901_TurbulentPlasma_MagneticReconnection_large.00204_print.jpg",
                "filename": "LARGE_MP4_12901_TurbulentPlasma_MagneticReconnection_large.00204_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Conceptual animation - Explosive Magnetic Reconnection in Turbulent PlasmaIn a turbulent magnetic environment, magnetic field lines become scrambled. As the field lines cross, intense electric currents (shown here as bright regions) form and eventually trigger magnetic reconnection (indicated by a flash), which is an explosive event that releases magnetic energy accumulated in the current layers and ejects high-speed bi-directional jets of electrons. NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale mission witnessed this process in action as it flew through the electron jets the turbulent boundary just at the edge of Earth’s magnetic environment.Credit: NASA Goddard’s Conceptual Image Lab/Lisa Poje\rSimulations by: University of Chicago/Colby Haggerty; University of Delaware/Tulasi ParasharWatch this video on the NASA.gov Video YouTube channel.\r",
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        },
        {
            "id": 11037,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11037/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "MAVEN: Mars Atmospheric Loss",
            "description": "When you take a look at Mars, you probably wouldn't think that it looks like a nice place to live. It's dry, it's dusty, and there's practically no atmosphere. But some scientists think that Mars may have once looked like a much nicer place to live, with a thicker atmosphere, cloudy skies, and possibly even liquid water flowing over the surface. So how did Mars transform from a warm, wet world to a cold, barren desert? NASA's MAVEN spacecraft will give us a clearer idea of how Mars lost its atmosphere (and thus its water), and scientists think that several processes have had an impact.Learn more about these processes in the videos below! || ",
            "release_date": "2013-11-05T11:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2024-10-15T14:52:39.258086-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 472343,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011000/a011037/G2012-098_Mars_neutral_MASTER_youtube_hq01602_print.jpg",
                "filename": "G2012-098_Mars_neutral_MASTER_youtube_hq01602_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "NEUTRAL PROCESSES Scientists think that the collision of neutral hydrogen molecules may have helped to drive the Martian atmosphere into space over billions of years.For complete transcript, click here.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        }
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}