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    "description": "Complete transcript available.Methane is an important greenhouse gas that contributes substantially to global warming. On a molecule by molecule basis, methane is much more efficient at trapping heat than carbon dioxide, the main driver of warming. Though human activities, including agriculture, oil and natural gas production and use, and waste disposal, collectively contribute the majority of methane to the atmosphere, about a third of total methane emissions comes from wetlands. Wetland habitats are filled with things like waterlogged soils and permafrost, which makes them sizable carbon sinks. However, as the climate changes, these carbon-rich soils are vulnerable to flooding and to rising temperatures, which can release more carbon to the atmosphere in the form of methane. Understanding methane emissions from natural sources like wetlands is critically important to scientists and policymakers who are working to ensure that changes in natural systems don’t counteract progress in combatting climate change made by reducing emissions from human activities.This animation shows estimates of wetland methane emissions produced by the Lund–Potsdam–Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM) Wald Schnee und Landscaft version (LPJ-wsl). LPJ-wsl is a prognostic model, meaning that it can be used to simulate future changes in wetland emissions and independently verified with remote sensing data products. The model includes a complex, topography dependent model of near surface hydrology, and a permafrost and dynamic snow model, allowing it to produce realistic distributions of inundated areas. Highlighted areas show concentrated methane sources from tropical and high latitude ecosystems. The LPJ-wsl model is regularly used in conjunction with NASA’s GEOS model to simulate the impact of wetlands and other methane sources on atmospheric methane concentrations, compare against satellite and airborne data, and to improve understanding and prediction of wetland emissions. Music credit: “Emerging Wave” from Universal Production Music || Screen_Shot_2022-12-09_at_1.10.12_PM_print.jpg (1024x571) [117.6 KB] || Screen_Shot_2022-12-09_at_1.10.12_PM.jpg (875x488) [108.8 KB] || Screen_Shot_2022-12-09_at_1.10.12_PM_searchweb.png (320x180) [57.3 KB] || Screen_Shot_2022-12-09_at_1.10.12_PM_web.png (320x178) [56.0 KB] || Screen_Shot_2022-12-09_at_1.10.12_PM_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || Methane.mp_Wetalnds_Final.mp4 (1920x1080) [74.1 MB] || Methane.mp_Wetalnds_Final.webm (1920x1080) [14.8 MB] || Sound_otter_ai.en_US.srt [2.5 KB] || Sound_otter_ai.en_US.vtt [2.5 KB] || ",
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        "alt_text": "Complete transcript available.Methane is an important greenhouse gas that contributes substantially to global warming. On a molecule by molecule basis, methane is much more efficient at trapping heat than carbon dioxide, the main driver of warming. Though human activities, including agriculture, oil and natural gas production and use, and waste disposal, collectively contribute the majority of methane to the atmosphere, about a third of total methane emissions comes from wetlands. Wetland habitats are filled with things like waterlogged soils and permafrost, which makes them sizable carbon sinks. However, as the climate changes, these carbon-rich soils are vulnerable to flooding and to rising temperatures, which can release more carbon to the atmosphere in the form of methane. Understanding methane emissions from natural sources like wetlands is critically important to scientists and policymakers who are working to ensure that changes in natural systems don’t counteract progress in combatting climate change made by reducing emissions from human activities.\r\rThis animation shows estimates of wetland methane emissions produced by the Lund–Potsdam–Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM) Wald Schnee und Landscaft version (LPJ-wsl). LPJ-wsl is a prognostic model, meaning that it can be used to simulate future changes in wetland emissions and independently verified with remote sensing data products. The model includes a complex, topography dependent model of near surface hydrology, and a permafrost and dynamic snow model, allowing it to produce realistic distributions of inundated areas. Highlighted areas show concentrated methane sources from tropical and high latitude ecosystems. The LPJ-wsl model is regularly used in conjunction with NASA’s GEOS model to simulate the impact of wetlands and other methane sources on atmospheric methane concentrations, compare against satellite and airborne data, and to improve understanding and prediction of wetland emissions. \rMusic credit: “Emerging Wave” from Universal Production Music",
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            "description": "<p><p><p><a href=\"/vis/a010000/a014200/a014257/script_33544_00.html\">Complete transcript</a> available.</p><p>Methane is an important greenhouse gas that contributes substantially to global warming. On a molecule by molecule basis, methane is much more efficient at trapping heat than carbon dioxide, the main driver of warming. Though human activities, including agriculture, oil and natural gas production and use, and waste disposal, collectively contribute the majority of methane to the atmosphere, about a third of total methane emissions comes from wetlands. Wetland habitats are filled with things like waterlogged soils and permafrost, which makes them sizable carbon sinks. However, as the climate changes, these carbon-rich soils are vulnerable to flooding and to rising temperatures, which can release more carbon to the atmosphere in the form of methane. Understanding methane emissions from natural sources like wetlands is critically important to scientists and policymakers who are working to ensure that changes in natural systems don’t counteract progress in combatting climate change made by reducing emissions from human activities.\r<p>\r<p>This animation shows estimates of wetland methane emissions produced by the Lund–Potsdam–Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM) Wald Schnee und Landscaft version (LPJ-wsl). LPJ-wsl is a prognostic model, meaning that it can be used to simulate future changes in wetland emissions and independently verified with remote sensing data products. The model includes a complex, topography dependent model of near surface hydrology, and a permafrost and dynamic snow model, allowing it to produce realistic distributions of inundated areas. Highlighted areas show concentrated methane sources from tropical and high latitude ecosystems. The LPJ-wsl model is regularly used in conjunction with NASA’s GEOS model to simulate the impact of wetlands and other methane sources on atmospheric methane concentrations, compare against satellite and airborne data, and to improve understanding and prediction of wetland emissions. \r<p><p>Music credit: “Emerging Wave” from Universal Production Music",
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            "title": "Methane plumes detected by EMIT Space Mission",
            "description": "The Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission uses an imaging spectrometer to detect the unique pattern of reflected and absorbed light – called a spectral fingerprint – from various materials on Earth's surface and in its atmosphere. Perched on the International Space Station, EMIT was originally intended to map the prevalence of minerals in Earth's arid regions, such as the deserts of Africa and Australia. Scientists verified that EMIT could also detect the spectral fingerprints of methane and carbon dioxide which enables mapping of emissions from the energy, waste, and agriculture sectors. || ",
            "release_date": "2024-05-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2024-09-17T10:43:40.204188-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 1092449,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005200/a005272/California_3840x2160_print.jpg",
                "filename": "California_3840x2160_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "A region of enhanced methane is visible near Modesto, California. This version of the data visualization includes location label.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5173,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5173/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Earth's Radiation Balance, 2000-2023",
            "description": "A plotted view of planetary heat uptake since the beginning of the CERES data record showing an oscillating, monthly mean (yellow) and twelve-month running average (red line). These data show how much energy is added (absorbed) by Earth during the CERES period. || planetary_heat_anomaly.1800_print.jpg (1024x576) [69.7 KB] || planetary_heat_anomaly.1800_searchweb.png (320x180) [21.2 KB] || planetary_heat_anomaly.1800_thm.png (80x40) [3.0 KB] || phu_2023 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || planetary_heat_anomaly_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [4.2 MB] || ",
            "release_date": "2023-10-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-01-19T23:02:09.403008-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 859805,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005173/planetary_heat_anomaly.1800_print.jpg",
                "filename": "planetary_heat_anomaly.1800_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "A plotted view of planetary heat uptake since the beginning of the CERES data record showing an oscillating, monthly mean (yellow) and twelve-month running average (red line). These data show how much energy is added (absorbed) by Earth during the CERES period. (1080p)",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5134,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5134/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Earth's Radiation Balance (2023 Update)",
            "description": "Planetary heat content anomaly of Earth, as measured by the CERES instruments. || planetary_heat_anomaly.1799_print.jpg (1024x576) [67.4 KB] || planetary_heat_anomaly.1799_searchweb.png (320x180) [24.0 KB] || planetary_heat_anomaly.1799_thm.png (80x40) [3.1 KB] || 3840x2160_16x9_60p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || planetary_heat_anomaly_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [5.0 MB] || ",
            "release_date": "2023-07-31T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-07-31T17:48:39.950907-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 857077,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005134/planetary_heat_anomaly.1799_print.jpg",
                "filename": "planetary_heat_anomaly.1799_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Planetary heat content anomaly of Earth, as measured by the CERES instruments.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5054,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5054/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Methane Emissions from Wetlands",
            "description": "Methane is an important greenhouse gas that’s contributed to around one third of global warming. About a third of total methane emissions comes from wetlands. Wetland habitats are filled with things like waterlogged soils and permafrost, which is what makes them sizable carbon sinks. But as a warming climate causes wetland soils to warm or flood, carbon is released into the atmosphere as methane. || wetlands.jpg (875x488) [108.8 KB] || MethaneWetalndsFinal.mp4 (1920x1080) [74.1 MB] || MethaneWetalndsFinal.webm (1920x1080) [14.8 MB] || Sound_otter_ai.en_US.srt [2.5 KB] || Sound_otter_ai.en_US.vtt [2.5 KB] || MethaneWetalndsFinal.mp4.hwshow [408 bytes] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-12-14T13:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2025-01-06T00:29:57.154157-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 367971,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005054/ch4_wetlands.01500_print.jpg",
                "filename": "ch4_wetlands.01500_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Methane emissions from wetlands for the years 1980-2021with significant wetlands highlighted.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5041,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5041/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Methane Emissions in the United States",
            "description": "2012 methane emissions across the United States. || ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.00100_print.jpg (1024x1024) [191.2 KB] || ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.00100_searchweb.png (180x320) [57.3 KB] || ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.00100_thm.png (80x40) [4.5 KB] || ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.mp4 (2160x2160) [23.8 MB] || ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.webm (2160x2160) [5.0 MB] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2024-11-19T00:21:33.616388-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 368018,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005041/ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.00100_print.jpg",
                "filename": "ch4_epa_sq_2022-11-14_1335.00100_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "2012 methane emissions across the United States.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 1024,
                "pixels": 1048576
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 14221,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14221/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "How NASA Decodes the Secrets of the Arctic",
            "description": "Universal Production Music: Home To You by William Baxter Noon [PRS], Pluck Up Courage by John Griggs [PRS], Philip Michael Guyler [PRS], Wafer Thin by  Adam Leslie Gock [APRA], Dinesh David Wicks [APRA], Mitchell Stewart [APRA], The Magpie's Pie by Quentin Bachelet [SACEM], Romain Sanson [SACEM], Ticking Tension by Quentin Bachelet [SACEM], Romain Sanson [SACEM], Reward Drawer by Ehren Ebbage [BMI] Additional images courtesy of Alaska Satellite Facility - University of Alaska FairbanksThis video can be freely shared and downloaded. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by ASF is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.htmlComplete transcript available. || ABoVE_Title.jpg (1920x1080) [623.7 KB] || ABoVE_Title_searchweb.png (180x320) [91.6 KB] || ABoVE_Title_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || ABoVE_FINAL.webm (1920x1080) [66.4 MB] || TWITTER_ABoVE_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [341.3 MB] || ABoVE.en_US.srt [12.5 KB] || ABoVE.en_US.vtt [11.8 KB] || ABoVE_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.4 GB] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-11-02T10:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2024-03-14T18:22:47.127974-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 368994,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014200/a014221/ABoVE_Title.jpg",
                "filename": "ABoVE_Title.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Universal Production Music: Home To You by William Baxter Noon [PRS], Pluck Up Courage by John Griggs [PRS], Philip Michael Guyler [PRS], Wafer Thin by  Adam Leslie Gock [APRA], Dinesh David Wicks [APRA], Mitchell Stewart [APRA], The Magpie's Pie by Quentin Bachelet [SACEM], Romain Sanson [SACEM], Ticking Tension by Quentin Bachelet [SACEM], Romain Sanson [SACEM], Reward Drawer by Ehren Ebbage [BMI] Additional images courtesy of Alaska Satellite Facility - University of Alaska FairbanksThis video can be freely shared and downloaded. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by ASF is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.htmlComplete transcript available.",
                "width": 1920,
                "height": 1080,
                "pixels": 2073600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5043,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5043/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Methane Emissions over Canada and Alaska in the 2018",
            "description": "This 3D volumetric visualization shows the emission and transport of atmospheric methane over Canada and Alaska in September 2018 with the date and colorbar. || methane_withDate.0068_print.jpg (1024x576) [282.8 KB] || methane_withDate.0068_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.8 KB] || methane_withDate.0068_thm.png (80x40) [14.7 KB] || methane_withDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || methane_withDate_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.3 MB] || methane_withDate_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [131.3 MB] || methane_withDate_1080p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "release_date": "2022-11-02T08:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-05-14T00:15:52.473796-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 368857,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005043/methane_withDate.0068_print.jpg",
                "filename": "methane_withDate.0068_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "This 3D volumetric visualization shows the emission and transport of atmospheric methane over Canada and Alaska in September 2018 with the date and colorbar.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 31200,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31200/",
            "page_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "title": "EMIT Spots Methane Hotspots",
            "description": "A plume of methane is detected flowing from an area southeast of Carlsbad, New Mexico. || PIA25592_new_mexico_methane.png (1547x805) [1.8 MB] || PIA25592_new_mexico_methane_print.jpg (1024x532) [183.9 KB] || PIA25592_new_mexico_methane_searchweb.png (320x180) [109.3 KB] || PIA25592_new_mexico_methane_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || PIA25592_new_mexico_methane.hwshow [222 bytes] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-11-01T07:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2024-12-13T00:28:14.778083-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 368611,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a030000/a031200/a031200/PIA25592_new_mexico_methane.png",
                "filename": "PIA25592_new_mexico_methane.png",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "A plume of methane is detected flowing from an area southeast of Carlsbad, New Mexico.",
                "width": 1547,
                "height": 805,
                "pixels": 1245335
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 5007,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5007/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Trends in Global Atmospheric Methane (CH₄)",
            "description": "Timeplot of global atmospheric methane (CH4) showing the full NOAA record (September 1983-March 2022). This version is created with a dark background. || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_print.jpg (1024x576) [44.0 KB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512.png (3840x2160) [508.9 KB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_searchweb.png (180x320) [13.1 KB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_thm.png (80x40) [2.2 KB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_web.png (320x180) [13.1 KB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.6 MB] || MethaneTrends_Dark (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.mp4 (3840x2160) [16.4 MB] || MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512.exr (3840x2160) [886.5 KB] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-08-11T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-09T22:55:56.437892-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 369809,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005007/MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_print.jpg",
                "filename": "MethaneTrends_Dark_3840x216030p.1512_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Timeplot of global atmospheric methane (CH4) showing the full NOAA record (September 1983-March 2022). This version is created with a dark background.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 4935,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4935/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "CERES Radiation Balance",
            "description": "A plotted view of planetary heat uptake since the beginning of the CERES data record showing an oscillating, monthly mean (yellow) and twelve-month running average (red line). These data show how much energy is added (absorbed) by Earth during the CERES period. || CERES_2021_update_final.01650_print.jpg (1024x576) [69.5 KB] || CERES_2021_update_final.01650_searchweb.png (320x180) [23.5 KB] || CERES_2021_update_final.01650_thm.png (80x40) [3.3 KB] || CERES_2021_update_final.mp4 (1920x1080) [9.2 MB] || CERES_2021_update_final.webm (1920x1080) [6.2 MB] || CERES_2021_update_final.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ",
            "release_date": "2021-04-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-01-31T00:13:06.127637-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 386745,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004935/CERES_2021_update_final.01650_print.jpg",
                "filename": "CERES_2021_update_final.01650_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "A plotted view of planetary heat uptake since the beginning of the CERES data record showing an oscillating, monthly mean (yellow) and twelve-month running average (red line). These data show how much energy is added (absorbed) by Earth during the CERES period.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
            }
        }
    ],
    "sources": [],
    "products": [],
    "newer_versions": [],
    "older_versions": [],
    "alternate_versions": []
}