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    "description": "Hubble's third servicing mission, Servicing Mission 3A, launched on December 19, 1999 on Space Shuttle Discovery as part of the STS-103 mission.What was originally conceived as a mission of preventive maintenance turned more urgent on November 13, 1999, when the fourth of six gyros failed and Hubble temporarily closed its eyes on the universe. Unable to conduct science without three working gyros, Hubble entered a state of dormancy called safe mode. Essentially, Hubble \"went to sleep\" while it waited for help.NASA decided to split the Third Servicing Mission (SM3) into two parts, SM3A and SM3B, after the third of Hubble's six gyroscopes failed. In accordance with NASA's flight rules, a \"call-up\" mission was quickly approved and developed and executed in a record 7 months.The Hubble team left the telescope far more fit and capable than ever before. The new, improved, and upgraded equipment included six fresh gyroscopes, six battery voltage/temperature improvement kits, a faster, more powerful, main computer, a next-generation solid state data recorder, a new transmitter, an enhanced fine guidance sensor, and new insulation. || ",
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    "keywords": [
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    "related": [
        {
            "id": 13780,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13780/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble’s Servicing Mission 3A",
            "description": "What was originally conceived as a mission of preventive maintenance turned more urgent on November 13, 1999, when the fourth of six gyros failed and Hubble temporarily closed its eyes on the universe. Unable to conduct science without three working gyros, Hubble entered a state of dormancy called safe mode. Essentially, Hubble \"went to sleep\" while it waited for help. NASA decided to split the Third Servicing Mission (SM3) into two parts, SM3A and SM3B, after the third of Hubble's six gyroscopes failed. In accordance with NASA's flight rules, a \"call-up\" mission was quickly approved and developed and executed in a record 7 months!The crew of STS-103 including astronauts Curtis L. Brown Jr., Scott J. Kelly, John M. Grunsfeld, Jean-François Clervoy, Michael Foale, Steven L. Smith, and Claude Nicollier ensured that the Hubble Space Telescope continued its mission into the 21st century.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. Music Credits: \"Illuminations\" by Aleksander Terris [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM] and Universal Production Music.“Castle Road” by Laurent Dury [SACEM ]via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM] and Universal Production Music.“Urgent Pizzicati” by Fabrice Ravel Chapuis [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM] and Universal Production Music.“Royal Legacy” by Laurent Dury [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM] and Universal Production Music.“A Fresh Perspective” by Stephen Daniel Lemaire [ASCAP] via El Murmullo Sarao [SGAE], Universal Sarao [SGAE] and Universal Production Music.Motion Graphics Template Media Credits:Lower Thirds Auto Self Resizing by cayman via Motion ArrayOld TV Graphic by SVZUL via Motion Array || ",
            "release_date": "2020-12-18T09:55:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:24.966329-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 380736,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013700/a013780/13780_SM3A_PRINT_THUMB.jpg",
                "filename": "13780_SM3A_PRINT_THUMB.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Master VersionHorizontal version. This is for use on any YouTube or non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.",
                "width": 1920,
                "height": 1080,
                "pixels": 2073600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 13566,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13566/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble Archive - Servicing Mission 3B, STS-109",
            "description": "Servicing Mission 3B was actually the fourth visit to Hubble. NASA split the original Servicing Mission 3 into two parts and conducted 3A in December of 1999. During SM3B a new science instrument will be installed: the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). Several other activities were accomplished as well over a 12-day mission with 5 spacewalks.Four astronauts trained for five scheduled spacewalks to upgrade and service the Hubble Space Telescope during the STS-109 mission in early 2002. Three veteran astronauts, John M.Grunsfeld, James H. Newman, and Richard M. Linnehan, were joined by Michael J. Massimino, who will be making his first space flight.Grunsfeld had flown three times, STS-67 in 1995, STS-81 in 1997, and STS-103 in 1999 when he performed two spacewalks to service the Hubble Space Telescope. Newman, veteran of three space flights, STS-51 in 1993, STS-69 in 1995, and STS-88 in 1998, had conducted four previous spacewalks. Linnehan had flown on STS-78 in 1996 and STS-90 in 1998. Massimino is a member of the 1996 astronaut class.Scott Altman, (Cmdr., USN), a two-time shuttle veteran, commanded the STS-109 mission. He was joined on the flight deck by pilot Duane Carey, (Lt. Col., USAF), making his first space flight, and flight engineer Nancy Currie (Lt. Col, USA, Ph.D.). Currie had three previous space flights to her credit. || ",
            "release_date": "2020-03-01T09:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:07.995338-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 386415,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013566/SM3B_THUMB_MAIN.jpg",
                "filename": "SM3B_THUMB_MAIN.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "STS-109 Flight Day Highlights Day 1, March 01, 2002",
                "width": 1920,
                "height": 1080,
                "pixels": 2073600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 13542,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13542/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble Archive - Servicing Mission 2, STS-82",
            "description": "After a successful first mission to correct Hubble’s vision in 1993, a second Servicing Mission (STS-82) was launched to the space telescope in February 1997. The goal of this 10-day operation was to enhance Hubble’s scientific capabilities for discovery by conducting a number of maintenance tasks and refurbishing the existing systems.The crew took more than 150 other crew aids and tools on this mission. They ranged from a simple bag for carrying some of the smaller tools to sophisticated, battery-operated power tools.A seven-member crew took part in this mission. Four astronauts conducted the planned spacewalks: Mark Lee, Gregory Harbaugh, Steven Smith and Joseph Tanner were part of the extravehicular activity crew. Kenneth Bowersox was the commander, Scott Horowitz was the pilot, and Steven Hawley was the Remote Manipulator System Operator. || ",
            "release_date": "2020-02-11T09:55:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:12.771172-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 387246,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013542/SM2_Archive_copy.jpg",
                "filename": "SM2_Archive_copy.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Servicing Mission 2 (SM2) Highlight ReelThis short video features some of the more exciting moments to occur during Hubble's historic Servicing Mission 2.",
                "width": 320,
                "height": 180,
                "pixels": 57600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 13500,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13500/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble Servicing Mission 3A Archive Teaser",
            "description": "After Hubble’s important gyroscopes began to fail, a Hubble emergency was declared and Servicing Mission 3 was quickly split into two separate launches. So on December 19, 1999, the brave crew of Space Shuttle Discovery lifted off to switch out the broken gyros and get Hubble working again.To celebrate that important moment in history, NASA has gathered the footage of Servicing Mission 3A for posterity's sake, and archived hours of footage for all to use.For more information, visit nasa.gov/hubble.Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center / Paul MorrisMusic Credits: “Oceanic” by Bob Mitchell [PRS], James Patrick, Kaleth [PRS], and Jez Pike [PRS] via Universal Production Music || ",
            "release_date": "2019-12-20T09:55:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:19.047403-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 388789,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013500/13500-SEARCH-THUMB.jpg",
                "filename": "13500-SEARCH-THUMB.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Servicing Mission 4 Archive TeaserThis horizontal version of the video is for use on the Hubble social media pages. Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.",
                "width": 320,
                "height": 180,
                "pixels": 57600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 13508,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13508/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "How Hubble’s Servicing Mission 3A Saved the Day",
            "description": "After Hubble’s important gyroscopes began to fail, a Hubble emergency was declared and Servicing Mission 3 was quickly split into two separate launches. So on December 19, 1999, the brave crew of Space Shuttle Discovery lifted off to switch out the broken gyros and get Hubble working again.  The mission was an incredible success, and thanks to everyone involved with SM3A, the Hubble Space Telescope was able to do science once again and open the world to the mysteries of the universe. To celebrate SM3A’s 20 year anniversary, this video gives a quick and in-depth review on the accomplishments of this historic mission. The tools and the knowledge gleaned from SM3A are used today by astronauts on the International Space Station, and will be critical to NASA's future crewed missions to the Moon and Mars. For more information, visit: https://nasa.gov/hubbleMusic Credits: -”Run to the Hills” by Magnum Opus [ ASCAP ], Atmosphere Music Ltd. [ PRS], Universal Production Music-“Crystalised Fortune” by Paul Leonard Morgan [ PRS ], Universal Production Music-“History in Motion” by Fred Dubois [ SACEM ], Koka Media [ SACEM ], Universal Production Music || ",
            "release_date": "2019-12-19T09:50:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:19.432624-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 388562,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013508/13508_SM3A_Overview_SEARCH_WEB_THUMBNAIL.jpg",
                "filename": "13508_SM3A_Overview_SEARCH_WEB_THUMBNAIL.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Master VersionHorizontal version. This is for use on any YouTube or non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.",
                "width": 320,
                "height": 180,
                "pixels": 57600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 13178,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13178/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble Tool Time Episode 4 - Servicing Mission 3A",
            "description": "Retired NASA astronaut John Grunsfeld hosts this six-part mini-series about the tools used on the Hubble Space Telescope servicing missions. Hubble was uniquely designed to be serviced in space so that components could be repaired and upgraded. Astronauts using custom-designed tools performed challenging spacewalks on five servicing missions from 1993 to 2009 to keep Hubble operating so that it could change our fundamental understanding of the universe.Join John and EVA engineer Ed Rezac in this episode of Hubble Tool Time to learn about the difficult job of replacing Hubble’s Rate Sensor Units on Servicing Mission 3A in 1999 and the resulting tool created to make the job easier. In addition to enabling Hubble's scientific discoveries, the tools developed by teams at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and tested in collaboration with the Johnson Space Center furthered NASA's human exploration capabilities. These tools and the knowledge gleaned from the Hubble servicing missions are used today by astronauts on the International Space Station, and will be critical to NASA's future crewed missions to the Moon and Mars.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Katrina Jackson.Music credits: \"Wine On It\" by Kevin Blanc [SACEM]; KTSA Publishing SACEM; Gum Tapes; Killer Tracks Production Music. \"Breakthrough\" by Donn Wilerson [BMI]; Killer Tracks BMI; Killer Tracks Production Music. || ",
            "release_date": "2019-05-07T09:55:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:58.764820-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 396419,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013178/13178_TTSM3A_thumbnail_horizontal_copy.jpg",
                "filename": "13178_TTSM3A_thumbnail_horizontal_copy.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Master versionHorizontal version without YouTube endscreen boxes. This is for use on any non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.",
                "width": 1920,
                "height": 1080,
                "pixels": 2073600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 12829,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12829/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Hubble Celebrates 25 Years Of Servicing In Space",
            "description": "Live at the ROC: Hubble astronauts broadcast live from the Goddard Space Flight Center’s innovative Robotic Operations Center (ROC) as they discuss the history of Hubble servicing and how the future of satellite servicing is being made today. || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [70.8 KB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.3 KB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.en_US.srt [124.2 KB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.en_US.vtt [117.4 KB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC_lowres.mp4 (1280x720) [1.1 GB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.webm (960x540) [1.7 GB] || 12829_Live_at_the_ROC.mp4 (1280x720) [6.7 GB] || ",
            "release_date": "2018-12-13T11:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:11.916379-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 397967,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012800/a012829/12829_Live_at_the_ROC.00001_print.jpg",
                "filename": "12829_Live_at_the_ROC.00001_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Live at the ROC: Hubble astronauts broadcast live from the Goddard Space Flight Center’s innovative Robotic Operations Center (ROC) as they discuss the history of Hubble servicing and how the future of satellite servicing is being made today.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
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        }
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