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Complete transcript available.

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The Arctic sea ice cap is an expanse of frozen seawater floating on top of the Arctic Ocean and neighboring seas. Every year, it expands and thickens during the fall and winter and grows smaller and thinner during the spring and summer. But in the past decades, increasing temperatures have caused marked decreases in the Arctic sea ice extents in all seasons, with particularly rapid reductions in the minimum end-of-summer ice extent. The shrinking of the Arctic sea ice cover can ultimately affect local ecosystems, global weather patterns, and the circulation of the oceans.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} } ], "studio": "gms", "funding_sources": [ "PAO" ], "credits": [ { "role": "Producer", "people": [ { "name": "Katie Jepson", "employer": "USRA" } ] }, { "role": "Technical support", "people": [ { "name": "Aaron E. Lepsch", "employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc." } ] }, { "role": "Scientist", "people": [ { "name": "Nathan T. Kurtz", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" }, { "name": "Walt Meier", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Visualizer", "people": [ { "name": "Trent L. Schindler", "employer": "USRA" }, { "name": "Cindy Starr", "employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc." }, { "name": "Lori Perkins", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Animator", "people": [ { "name": "Bailee DesRocher", "employer": "USRA" } ] }, { "role": "Narrator", "people": [ { "name": "LK Ward", "employer": "USRA" } ] }, { "role": "Writer", "people": [ { "name": "Maria-Jose Vinas Garcia", "employer": "Telophase" } ] }, { "role": "Videographer", "people": [ { "name": "Kate Ramsayer", "employer": "Telophase" }, { "name": "Jefferson Beck", "employer": "USRA" }, { "name": "John Caldwell", "employer": "Advocates in Manpower Management, Inc." } ] } ], "missions": [], "series": [ "Narrated Movies" ], "tapes": [], "papers": [], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Earth" ], "keywords": [ "Arctic Ice Sheets", "Arctic Ice Thickness", "Cryology", "Cryosphere", "Earth Science", "Sea Ice" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [ { "id": 13722, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13722/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA Sees High Temperatures, Wildfires, and Annual Sea Ice Minimum Extent in Warming Arctic", "description": "Music: Curves Ahead by Donn Wilkerson [BMI] and Genetic Analyzer by Le Fat Club [SACEM]Complete transcript available. || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail.jpg (1920x1080) [550.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [93.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [9.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [741.6 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_FINAL.webm (1920x1080) [41.5 MB] || ArcticSeaIce2020.en_US.srt [6.9 KB] || ArcticSeaIce2020.en_US.vtt [6.9 KB] || ", "release_date": "2020-09-21T13:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:40.601917-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 382437, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013700/a013722/Sea_Ice_Thumbnail.jpg", "filename": "Sea_Ice_Thumbnail.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Music: Curves Ahead by Donn Wilkerson [BMI] and Genetic Analyzer by Le Fat Club [SACEM]Complete transcript available.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } ], "sources": [ { "id": 5207, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5207/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2023", "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. 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Scale in degrees Celsius. || CelsiusRobinson_0889_print.jpg (1024x576) [111.8 KB] || CelsiusRobinson_0889_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.4 KB] || CelsiusRobinson_0889_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.0 MB] || RobinsonCelsiusSequenceComposite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || Celsius_UHD_composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || GISSTEMP2019_Celsius_UHD_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [69.3 MB] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [238 bytes] || ", "release_date": "2020-01-15T11:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-02-02T00:13:15.870485-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 387991, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004787/CelsiusRobinson_0889_print.jpg", "filename": "CelsiusRobinson_0889_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. 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Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Scale in degree Celsius. || 2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.1 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [20.7 MB] || celsius_robinson (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.2 MB] || celsius (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || celsius_composite (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || ", "release_date": "2019-02-06T11:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-02-02T00:10:36.586278-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 407797, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004600/a004626/2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg", "filename": "2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2018. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Scale in degree Celsius.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 3864, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3864/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "The Polar Jet Stream", "description": "Meandering around the planet like a rollicking roller coaster in the sky, the Northern Hemisphere's polar jet stream is a fast-moving belt of westerly winds that traverses the lower layers of the atmosphere. The jet is created by the convergence of cold air masses descending from the Arctic and rising warm air from the tropics. Deep troughs and steep ridges emerge as the denser cold air sinks and deflects warm air regions north, giving the jet stream its wavy appearance. This pattern propagates across the mid-latitudes of North America, Europe and Asia, as pockets of cold air sporadically creep down from the Arctic - creating contrasting waves and flows that accelerate eastward due to Earth's rotation. Running from June 10 to July 8 of 1988, the visualization below uses weather and climate observations from NASA's MERRA dataset to model nearly a month of the jet stream's whirling journey over North America. || ", "release_date": "2011-10-03T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-03-17T00:01:14.231989-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 483187, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003800/a003864/jetstream.00600.jpg", "filename": "jetstream.00600.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Polar JetThis video is also available on our YouTube channel.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }