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You usually don’t find one without the other. But one recently discovered galaxy called NGC 1052-DF2 is nearly entirely lacking in dark matter. Researchers were astonished when they viewed its image captured by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. Dark matter is an invisible substance that astronomers believe plays an important role in the formation of galaxies and is thought to comprise 85% of the universe’s mass. This discovery not only challenges the ideas of how galaxies form, but also provides evidence that dark matter is real. It shows that dark matter is not always coupled with regular matter in galaxies and that it has its own separate existence. In addition to lacking dark matter, galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 is an anomaly because you can see straight through it. This is called an ultra-diffuse galaxy because it has an extremely low density. As a result of these findings, a team of researchers are hunting for more dark-matter deficient galaxies to better understand the nature of dark matter and the formation of galaxies. 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1052-DF2 is about 62 million light-years away from Earth and about 10 billion years old.", "items": [ { "id": 235050, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 390769, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013131/STSCI-H-p1816b-m-16x9_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "STSCI-H-p1816b-m-16x9_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The ghostly galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 is about 62 million light-years away from Earth and about 10 billion years old.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 235049, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 390770, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013131/STSCI-H-p1816b-m-16x9.png", "filename": "STSCI-H-p1816b-m-16x9.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The ghostly galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 is about 62 million light-years away from Earth and about 10 billion years old.", "width": 2370, "height": 1333, "pixels": 3159210 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 322189, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13131/#media_group_322189", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Using the speed of 10 bright star clusters, researchers calculated the galaxy's mass, which is entirely accounted for by visible stars.", "items": [ { "id": 235051, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 390771, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013131/GlobularClusters.png", "filename": "GlobularClusters.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Using the speed of 10 bright star clusters, researchers calculated the galaxy's mass, which is entirely accounted for by visible stars.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 235052, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 390772, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013131/GlobularClusters_1024x576.jpg", 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Dark matter, after all, is the invisible glue that makes up the bulk of the universe’s contents. All galaxies are dominated by it; in fact, galaxies are thought to form inside immense halos of dark matter. So, finding a galaxy lacking the invisible stuff is an extraordinary claim that challenges conventional wisdom. It would have the potential to upset theories of galaxy formation and evolution.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. Additional Visualizations:Galaxy Motion Simulation: Credit: ESO/L. Calçada.Dark Matter Simulation: Credit: Additional Visualizations:Galaxy Motion Simulation: Credit: ESO/L. Calçada.Dark Matter Simulation: Credit: Wu, Hahn, Wechsler, Abel(KIPAC), Visualization: Kaehler (KIPAC)Music Credits: \"Aphelion Horizon\" by Alistair Hetherington [PRS] via Atmosphere Music Ltd. [PRS], and Universal Production Music. || ", "release_date": "2021-06-17T10:55:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:05.990934-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 378225, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013800/a013872/13872_DARK_MAIN_WIDE_PRINT.jpg", "filename": "13872_DARK_MAIN_WIDE_PRINT.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Master VersionHorizontal version. This is for use on any YouTube or non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 13713, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13713/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Hubble Makes Unexpected Dark Matter Discovery", "description": "Astronomers seem to have revealed a puzzling detail in the way dark matter behaves. They found small, dense concentrations of dark matter that bend and magnify light much more strongly than expected.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble.Visualizations and Additional Footage:ESA/Hubble — Gravitational Lensing AnimationESA/Hubble — Gravitational Lensing Simplified VisualizationR. Wesson/ESO — Very Large Telescope FootageMusic Credits:“On the Path” by Bernhard Hering [GEMA] and Matthias Kruger [GEMA] via Berlin Production Music/Universal Production Music GmbH [GEMA] || ", "release_date": "2020-09-10T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:43.065741-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 382724, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013700/a013713/13713_DARK_MATTER_SEARCH_SVS.jpg", "filename": "13713_DARK_MATTER_SEARCH_SVS.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Master VersionHorizontal version. This is for use on any YouTube or non-YouTube platform where you want to display the video horizontally.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 12247, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12247/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "The Bubble Nebula", "description": "The universe is full of strange and surprising things. || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [126.4 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [163.1 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [137.2 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.4 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [89.4 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [16.8 KB] || ", "release_date": "2016-06-02T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:48:34.226497-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 423850, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012200/a012247/c-1024_print.jpg", "filename": "c-1024_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The universe is full of strange and surprising things.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 11838, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11838/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Hubble Turns 25", "description": "The Hubble Space Telescope celebrates 25 years of exploring the cosmos. || c_1024f.jpg (1024x576) [146.5 KB] || c_1024f_print.jpg (1024x576) [140.9 KB] || c_1024f_searchweb.png (320x180) [83.4 KB] || ", "release_date": "2015-04-23T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:45.992036-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 443650, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011800/a011838/c_1024f.jpg", "filename": "c_1024f.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Hubble Space Telescope celebrates 25 years of exploring the cosmos.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 11588, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11588/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Hubble's World", "description": "Spiral galaxies, exploding stars and distant planets are just some of the amazing scenes the Hubble Space Telescope has captured since its launch in 1990. Now in its 25th year of operations, the spacecraft continues to provide stunning views of celestial objects in the Milky Way and beyond. Of the more than 1 million observations in Hubble's catalog, it's hard to select a handful of exposures that stand out among the rest. But here we present a collection of five spectacular images that made the top of our list. || ", "release_date": "2014-07-22T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:50:43.703120-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 453146, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011500/a011588/c-1024_print.jpg", "filename": "c-1024_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's Hubble Space Telescope proves the universe is full of wonders.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [ { "id": 12907, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12907/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Hubble Views a Galaxy Lacking Dark Matter", "description": "NASA's Hubble Space Telescope took an image of a bizarre, ghostly looking galaxy called NGC 1052-DF2 that astronomers calculate to have little to no dark matter. This is the first galaxy astronomers have discovered to be so lacking in dark matter, which is thought to comprise 85% of our universe's mass.Read the full story at nasa.gov.Download the release images at HubbleSite.org.Find the science paper at nature.com. || ", "release_date": "2018-03-28T12:55:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:55.290996-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 405412, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012900/a012907/hubble_galaxy_without_dark_matter_thumbnail.png", "filename": "hubble_galaxy_without_dark_matter_thumbnail.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music credit: \"Reborn\" by Maksim Tyutmanov [PRS] and Victoria Beits [PRS]; Atmosphere Music Ltd PRS; Score Addiction; Killer Tracks Production Music", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } ], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }