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Neumann", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" }, { "name": "Thorsten Markus", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Animator", "people": [ { "name": "Adriana Manrique Gutierrez", "employer": "USRA" }, { "name": "Vuk Nikolic", "employer": "Freelance" } ] }, { "role": "Visualizer", "people": [ { "name": "Greg Shirah", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Editor", "people": [ { "name": "Ryan Fitzgibbons", "employer": "USRA" } ] }, { "role": "Narrator", "people": [ { "name": "Ryan Fitzgibbons", "employer": "USRA" } ] }, { "role": "Videographer", "people": [ { "name": "Jefferson Beck", "employer": "USRA" }, { "name": "George Potter", "employer": "Freelance" }, { "name": "Saskia Madlener", "employer": "Freelance, 77th Parallel Productions" }, { "name": "Rob Andreoli", "employer": "Advocates in Manpower Management, Inc." }, { "name": "John Caldwell", "employer": "Advocates in Manpower Management, Inc." } ] } ], "missions": [ "Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2)" ], "series": [ "Narrated Movies" ], "tapes": [], "papers": [], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Earth" ], "keywords": [ "Albedo", "Antarctic Ice Sheet", "Antarctica", "Greenland", "HDTV", "Ice Sheets", "Location", "Melting", "Polar Ice" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [], "sources": [ { "id": 4373, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4373/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "ICESat-2 Orbit", "description": "ICESat-2 orbiting Earth: starting with global view building up ground track, then riding the satellite view, then back to a global view with full ground track || icesat2_orbit26.2100_print.jpg (1024x576) [114.4 KB] || icesat2_orbit26.2100_searchweb.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || icesat2_orbit26.2100_thm.png (80x40) [5.2 KB] || icesat2_orbit_long_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [42.8 MB] || long (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || long (1280x720) [0 Item(s)] || icesat2_orbit_long_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || icesat2_orbit_long_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [104.5 MB] || icesat2_orbit_long_360p30.m4v (640x360) [27.8 MB] || long (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || icesat2_orbit_long_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [406.6 MB] || ", "release_date": "2017-11-03T15:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-05-14T00:06:30.477001-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 412022, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004373/icesat2_orbit26.2100_print.jpg", "filename": "icesat2_orbit26.2100_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "ICESat-2 orbiting Earth: starting with global view building up ground track, then riding the satellite view, then back to a global view with full ground track", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4492, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4492/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "ICESat-2 Measurements Over Antarctica (prelaunch)", "description": "ICESat-2 has 3 pairs of lasers that will measure the heights of ice and snow at very high resolution || walls75.1870_print.jpg (1024x576) [34.7 KB] || walls75.1870_searchweb.png (320x180) [29.8 KB] || walls75.1870_thm.png (80x40) [3.4 KB] || walls_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [50.0 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || walls_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [11.9 MB] || walls_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [8.1 MB] || Slide1.hwshow || ", "release_date": "2016-11-09T15:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-05-13T00:26:00.420731-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 420784, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004400/a004492/walls75.1870_print.jpg", "filename": "walls75.1870_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "ICESat-2 has 3 pairs of lasers that will measure the heights of ice and snow at very high resolution", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 12141, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12141/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "ICESat-2 Beam Pairs", "description": "Side view of the beam pairs. || ICESat-2_beams_side_print.jpg (1024x576) [121.7 KB] || ICESat-2_beams_side_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || ICESat-2_beams_side_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || ICESat-2_beams_side.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || ICESat-2_beams_side.webm (1920x1080) [1.6 MB] || sideview (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ICESat-2_beams_side.mov (1920x1080) [221.5 MB] || ", "release_date": "2016-02-03T11:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-01-06T01:29:47.515953-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 427475, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012100/a012141/ICESat-2_beams_side_print.jpg", "filename": "ICESat-2_beams_side_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Side view of the beam pairs.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 11712, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11712/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "ICESat-2 Beauty Pass", "description": "Animation showing the deployment of the spacecraft and a beauty pass with the beams on. || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_youtube_hq_print.jpg (1024x576) [176.2 KB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_youtube_hq_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.3 KB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_youtube_hq_web.png (320x180) [90.3 KB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_youtube_hq_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [31.3 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_appletv.m4v (960x540) [25.5 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [95.5 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_prores.mov (1280x720) [454.4 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_720x480.webm (720x480) [6.2 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_720x480.wmv (720x480) [30.4 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_nasaportal.mov (640x360) [25.6 MB] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [9.6 MB] || GSFC_20141015_ICESat2_m11712_Deploy_Beauty.en_US.vtt [64 bytes] || ICESat2__deploy_beauty_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [4.8 MB] || icesat-2-beauty-pass-and-deployment.hwshow || ", "release_date": "2014-10-15T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-06-23T00:16:59.755365-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 450439, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011700/a011712/Icesat2-HQprint_print.jpg", "filename": "Icesat2-HQprint_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "High resolution print graphic of the spacecraft above the Earth.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 3658, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3658/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt", "description": "The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven mostly by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity (haline) variations.This animation shows one of the major regions where this pumping occurs, the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and the North Sea. The surface ocean current brings new water to this region from the South Atlantic via the Gulf Stream and the water returns to the South Atlantic via the North Atlantic Deep Water current. The continual influx of warm water into the North Atlantic polar ocean keeps the regions around Iceland and southern Greenland mostly free of sea ice year round.The animation also shows another feature of the global ocean circulation: the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The region around latitude 60 south is the the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no land in the way. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. This circumpolar motion links the world's oceans and allows the deep water circulation from the Atlantic to rise in the Indian and Pacific Oceans and the surface circulation to close with the northward flow in the Atlantic.The color on the world's ocean's at the beginning of this animation represents surface water density, with dark regions being most dense and light regions being least dense (see the animation Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density). The depths of the oceans are highly exaggerated to better illustrate the differences between the surface flows and deep water flows. The actual flows in this model are based on current theories of the thermohaline circulation rather than actual data. The thermohaline circulation is a very slow moving current that can be difficult to distinguish from general ocean circulation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure or simulate. || ", "release_date": "2009-10-08T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-10-09T15:49:47.948664-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 495844, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003600/a003658/thermohaline_conveyor.0900.jpg", "filename": "thermohaline_conveyor.0900.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This animation first depicts thermohaline surface flows over surface density, and illustrates the sinking of water in the dense ocean near Iceland and Greenland. The surface of the ocean then fades away and the animation pulls back to show the global thermohaline circulation.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "products": [ { "id": 13600, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13600/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "NASA Mission Maps 16 Years of Ice Loss", "description": "Using the most advanced Earth-observing laser instrument NASA has ever flown in space, scientists have made precise, detailed measurements of how the elevation of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have changed over 16 years. The results provide insights into how the polar ice sheets are changing, demonstrating definitively that small gains of ice in East Antarctica are dwarfed by massive losses in West Antarctica. The scientists found the net loss of ice from Antarctica, along with Greenland’s shrinking ice sheet, has been responsible for 0.55 inches (14 millimeters) of sea level rise between 2003 and 2019 – slightly less than a third of the total amount of sea level rise observed in the world’s oceans. || ", "release_date": "2020-04-30T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:59.955070-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 385465, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013600/a013600/landicethumb_print.jpg", "filename": "landicethumb_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Music: \"Frozen Waves,\" Universal Production MusicComplete transcript available.", "width": 1024, "height": 571, "pixels": 584704 } } ], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }