{ "id": 12543, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "The Electron Beltway", "description": "NASA's Van Allen Probes reveal how electrons move through the radiation belts that surround Earth. || 12249_1280.jpg (1280x720) [576.4 KB] || 12249_1280_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [386.3 KB] || ", "release_date": "2018-04-30T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:51.335732-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 404271, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/12328_vanallenthumb.jpg", "filename": "12328_vanallenthumb.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Van Allen Probes detected a pulse of high-energy electrons in Earth’s radiation belts after a coronal mass ejection.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 }, "main_video": null, "main_credits": { "Visualizations by": [ { "name": "Tom Bridgman", "employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc." } ], "Produced by": [ { "name": "Genna Duberstein", "employer": "USRA" } ], "Scientific consulting by": [ { "name": "Seth Claudepierre", "employer": "The Aerospace Corporation" }, { "name": "Shrikanth G. Kanekal", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" }, { "name": "Dan Baker", "employer": "University of Colorado" } ], "Written by": [ { "name": "Mara Johnson-Groh", "employer": "Wyle Information Systems" }, { "name": "Micheala Sosby", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, "progress": "Complete", "media_groups": [ { "id": 326991, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/#media_group_326991", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "NASA's Van Allen Probes reveal how electrons move through the radiation belts that surround Earth.", "items": [ { "id": 248924, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404263, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/12249_1280.jpg", "filename": "12249_1280.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's Van Allen Probes reveal how electrons move through the radiation belts that surround Earth.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 248925, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404262, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/12249_1280_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "12249_1280_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA's Van Allen Probes reveal how electrons move through the radiation belts that surround Earth.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 326990, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/#media_group_326990", "widget": "Basic text with HTML", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Two doughnut-shaped regions of charged particles encircle our planet. These regions, called the Van Allen radiation belts, were discovered more than 50 years ago, but their behavior is still not completely understood. The belts are made of protons and electrons from the solar wind and cosmic rays that are captured by Earth's magnetic field. Some of these particles move very fast, but observations from NASA’s two Van Allen Probes show that the fastest, most energetic electrons in the inner radiation belt aren’t present as much of the time as scientists thought. That means there typically isn’t as much radiation in the inner belt as previously assumed — good news for spacecraft at risk of radiation damage when flying through that region of near-Earth space. The Van Allen Probes, specifically designed to be immune to this type of radiation, plunge through the radiation belts up to six times a day to study the physical processes that add and remove electrons from the region. The Van Allen belts are a crucial part of a larger space weather system that stretches from the Sun to Earth and beyond. Watch the videos to learn more.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 326992, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/#media_group_326992", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "This visualization shows an influx of electrons (red) after a solar storm and their escape from Earth’s radiation belts.", "items": [ { "id": 248929, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404265, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This visualization shows an influx of electrons (red) after a solar storm and their escape from Earth’s radiation belts.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 248927, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 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electrons in Earth’s radiation belts after a coronal mass ejection.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 248931, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 850971, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/a012543_iPad_movie_12328_SuperchargingtheRadiationBeltsV2/12328_SuperchargingtheRadiationBeltsV2.m3u8", "filename": "12328_SuperchargingtheRadiationBeltsV2.m3u8", "media_type": "File", "alt_text": "The Van Allen Probes detected a pulse of high-energy electrons in Earth’s radiation belts after a coronal mass ejection." } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 326994, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/#media_group_326994", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Some of the first data from the Van Allen Probes revealed that a third radiation belt occasionally encircles Earth, as well.", "items": [ { "id": 248938, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404277, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/14-234_0_0.jpg", "filename": "14-234_0_0.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Some of the first data from the Van Allen Probes revealed that a third radiation belt occasionally encircles Earth, as well.", "width": 1041, "height": 586, "pixels": 610026 } }, { "id": 248939, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404276, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/14-234_0_0_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "14-234_0_0_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Some of the first data from the Van Allen Probes revealed that a third radiation belt occasionally encircles Earth, as well.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 326995, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12543/#media_group_326995", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "The Van Allen Probes continue to reveal the complex structures and behaviors of Earth’s radiation belts.", "items": [ { "id": 248940, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404278, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/541965main_ArrayDeployment_large.jpg", "filename": "541965main_ArrayDeployment_large.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Van Allen Probes continue to reveal the complex structures and behaviors of Earth’s radiation belts.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 248941, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 404279, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012543/541965main_ArrayDeployment_large_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "541965main_ArrayDeployment_large_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The Van Allen Probes continue to reveal the complex structures and behaviors of Earth’s radiation 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Tell us about that discovery.Can you tell us about the final mission that the Van Allen probes are going on?How do radiation belts affect space travel, astronauts and the space station?Where can we learn more? || broll.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [114.9 KB] || broll.00001_print_print.jpg (1024x576) [66.2 KB] || broll.00001_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [95.8 KB] || broll.00001_print_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || broll.webm (1280x720) [21.1 MB] || broll.mp4 (1280x720) [212.1 MB] || broll.mov (1280x720) [2.8 GB] || ", "release_date": "2019-02-11T21:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:08.137981-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 397551, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013143/broll.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "broll.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "B-roll for Van Allen Probe Live Shot. Answers the following suggested questions: You may think space is empty, but there is a lot there that we can’t see. What are space weather and radiation belts?How do you observe the radiation belts?A new radiation belt was discovered several years ago. Tell us about that discovery.Can you tell us about the final mission that the Van Allen probes are going on?How do radiation belts affect space travel, astronauts and the space station?Where can we learn more?", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 20237, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20237/", "page_type": "Animation", "title": "Beyond Earth - Earth's Geomagnetic Activity", "description": "Space is a better vacuum than any we can create on Earth, but it's nonetheless bustling with activity. It overflows with energy, particles and a complex system of magnetic field lines. This animation shows the busy-ness of near-Earth space, where the magnetic environment around Earth can trap electrons and charged particles. || beyondearth.jpg (1280x720) [261.9 KB] || beyondearth_searchweb.png (320x180) [136.2 KB] || beyondearth_thm.png (80x40) [22.8 KB] || BeyondEarthAnimatedGIFFinal30fpsv02.webm (1920x1080) [4.4 MB] || BeyondEarthAnimatedGIFFinal30fpsv02.mov (1920x1080) [429.8 MB] || BeyondEarthAnimatedGIFFinal60fpsv02.mov (1920x1080) [429.8 MB] || beyond-earth-earths-geomagnetic-activity.hwshow || ", "release_date": "2016-05-12T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-06-23T00:18:27.866024-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 425632, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020200/a020237/beyondearth.jpg", "filename": "beyondearth.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Space is a better vacuum than any we can create on Earth, but it's nonetheless bustling with activity. It overflows with energy, particles and a complex system of magnetic field lines. This animation shows the busy-ness of near-Earth space, where the magnetic environment around Earth can trap electrons and charged particles.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 4241, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4241/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Radiation Belts & Plasmapause", "description": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface) || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg (1024x576) [136.6 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_web.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_searchweb.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD1080.mov (1920x1080) [28.3 MB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD720.mov (1280x720) [10.6 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.webm (960x540) [2.3 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_iPod.m4v (640x360) [3.7 MB] || radiation-belts--plasmapause.hwshow [342 bytes] || ", "release_date": "2014-11-26T13:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-01-05T22:41:17.330357-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 448594, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004241/Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg", "filename": "Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface)", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 11239, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11239/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Ring Around Our Planet", "description": "Within days of its launch on August 30, 2012, NASA's Van Allen Probes collected data that will rewrite textbooks. The mission consists of two spacecraft orbiting through the radiation belts encircling Earth. Scientists want to understand what causes the changing shapes of the belts—a region that can sometimes swell dramatically in response to incoming energy from the sun, posing a threat to satellites and spacecraft. Inner and outer radiation belts were discovered in 1958 with instruments on the very first U.S. satellites sent into space. But in September 2012 something happened that had never been recorded before: the particles that make up the belts settled into a new configuration, separating into three belts instead of two. The third belt lasted for four weeks, proving that the Van Allen Probes have much left to explore in near-Earth space. Watch the visualization to see what the Van Allen Probes observed. || ", "release_date": "2013-05-02T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:11.745835-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 465995, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011239/541965main_ArrayDeployment_smaller.jpg", "filename": "541965main_ArrayDeployment_smaller.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The two Van Allen Probes are designed to lap each other many times during the mission, to observe occurrences throughout the belts.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [ { "id": 4557, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4557/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Leaky Radiation Belts", "description": "This visualization opens with a full view of the radiation belt of trapped electrons circling Earth. We open a slice of the belts, to display a cross-section for clarity and move the camera to a more equatorial view. Earth rotation and solar motion have been turned off for this visualization to reduce distracting additional motions. || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.8 KB] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_searchweb.png (180x320) [83.0 KB] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || ObliqueIntro (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.HD1080i_p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [77.0 MB] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.HD1080i_p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.5 MB] || ObliqueIntro (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.UHD2160_p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [279.0 MB] || LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow [210 bytes] || ", "release_date": "2017-03-15T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-05T23:17:57.002897-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 415779, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004557/LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg", "filename": "LeakyBelts_FullData_ObliqueIntro.slate_CRTT.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This visualization opens with a full view of the radiation belt of trapped electrons circling Earth. We open a slice of the belts, to display a cross-section for clarity and move the camera to a more equatorial view. Earth rotation and solar motion have been turned off for this visualization to reduce distracting additional motions.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 12328, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12328/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Supercharging the Radiation Belts", "description": "On March 17, 2015, an interplanetary shock – a shockwave created by the driving force of a coronal mass ejection, or CME, from the sun – struck the outermost radiation belt, triggering the greatest geomagnetic storm of the preceding decade. And NASA's Van Allen Probes were there to watch it. One of the most common forms of space weather, a geomagnetic storm describes any event in which Earth’s magnetic environment – called the magnetosphere – is suddenly, temporarily disturbed. Such an event can also lead to change in the radiation belts surrounding Earth, but researchers have seldom been able to observe what happens within the first few minutes immediately following a shock. But on the day of the March 2015 geomagnetic storm, one of the Van Allen Probes was located at just the right spot within the radiation belts, providing unprecedentedly high-resolution data from a rarely witnessed phenomenon. A paper on these observations was published in the Journal of Geophysical Research on Aug. 15, 2016. || ", "release_date": "2016-08-15T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:48:24.319602-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 421993, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012300/a012328/vanallenthumb.jpg", "filename": "vanallenthumb.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Music: Light Hearted Angst by Dewey Dellay", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }