Complete transcript available.
Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.
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This region includes Earth’s ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere, and stretches from roughly 50 to 400 miles above Earth’s surface. Space weather disturbances can impact communications, navigation signals, and satellite orbits, and induce currents can trigger power outages on Earth — making the region a crucial area of study.GDC is a team of satellites that will study Earth’s upper atmosphere and provide the first direct global measurements of our planet’s dynamic and complex interface with the space environment. Working in tandem with the DYNAMIC spacecraft, scientists will be able paint a fuller picture of how energy transforms and travels throughout the upper atmosphere. GDC will fly at an altitude of 350-400 km.DYNAMIC is a pair of satellites that will work in tandem with GDC to study how changes in Earth’s lower atmosphere influence our planet’s upper atmosphere. 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Together, GOLD and another NASA mission, Ionospheric Connection Explorer spacecraft, or ICON, will provide the most comprehensive of Earth’s upper atmosphere we’ve ever had.Above the ozone layer, the ionosphere is a part of Earth’s atmosphere where particles have been cooked into a sea of electrically-charged electrons and ions by the Sun’s radiation. The ionosphere is co-mingled with the very highest — and quite thin — layers of Earth’s neutral upper atmosphere, making this region an area that is constantly in flux undergoing the push-and-pull between Earth’s conditions and those in space. Increasingly, these layers of near-Earth space are part of the human domain, as it’s home not only to astronauts, but to radio signals used to guide airplanes and ships, and satellites that provide our communications and GPS systems. 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GOLD is also able to focus in on a tighter region and scan more quickly, to complement additional research plans as needed. || ", "release_date": "2018-01-05T13:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:03.970975-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 407989, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012800/a012817/GOLDOverview_YouTube.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "GOLDOverview_YouTube.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Complete transcript available.Music credits: 'Faint Glimmer' by Andrew John Skeet [PRS], Andrew Michael Britton [PRS], David Stephen Goldsmith [PRS], 'Ocean Spirals' by Andrew John Skeet [PRS], Andrew Michael Britton [PRS], David Stephen Goldsmith [PRS] from Killer Tracks.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [ { "id": 12902, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12902/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "The Secrets behind Earth’s Multi-colored Glow", "description": "What does our planet look like from space? Most are familiar with the beloved images of the blue marble or pale blue dot — Earth from 18,000 and 3.7 billion miles away, respectively. But closer to home, within the nearest region of space, you might encounter an unfamiliar sight. If you peer down on Earth from just 300 miles above the surface, near the orbit of the International Space Station, you can see vibrant swaths of red and green or purple and yellow light emanating from the upper atmosphere. This is airglow. Airglow occurs when atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere, excited by sunlight, emit light in order to shed their excess energy. Or, it can happen when atoms and molecules that have been ionized by sunlight collide with and capture a free electron. In both cases, they eject a particle of light — called a photon — in order to relax again. 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