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            "description": "Since the early 1980s, scientists have observed a hole in the ozone layer that forms and expands over Antarctica in August and September during the Southern Hemisphere spring. But NASA satellite measurements show this year’s ozone hole area was larger and formed later than in recent years. On October 2, 2015, the ozone hole expanded to its peak of 10.9 million square miles, an area larger than the continent of North America. Scientists say the unusual timing and size of this year’s hole is due to colder than average temperatures and high levels of ozone-depleting compounds in the atmosphere. The compounds are mainly derived from man-made chemicals that steadily increased in Earth’s atmosphere up through the early 1990s. Since 2000, levels of these chemicals have slowly declined as a result of the internationally agreed-upon Montreal Protocol, which has regulated ozone-depleting compounds beginning in 1987. Although this year’s hole is on the larger side, scientists expect the ozone hole to recover back to 1980 levels by 2070. Watch the video to learn more.",
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            "description": "This image from NASA’s Aura satellite shows ozone concentrations over Antarctica on Oct. 2, 2015, the day the hole reached its max size.",
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            "description": "The Aura satellite, launched in 2004, collects data that allow scientists to continually monitor the state of Earth's ozone layer.",
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            "description": "See [NASA.gov](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/annual-antarctic-ozone-hole-larger-and-formed-later-in-2015)",
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    "related": [
        {
            "id": 12062,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12062/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Annual Antarctic Ozone Hole Larger and Formed Later in 2015",
            "description": "The 2015 Antarctic ozone hole area was larger and formed later than in recent years, said scientists from NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). || ",
            "release_date": "2015-11-19T10:00:00-05:00",
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                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "For complete transcript, click here.On Oct. 2, 2015, the ozone hole expanded to its peak of 28.2 million square kilometers (10.9 million square miles), an area larger than the continent of North America. Throughout October, the hole remained large and set many area daily records. Unusually cold temperature and weak dynamics in the Antarctic stratosphere this year resulted in this larger ozone hole. In comparison, last year the ozone hole peaked at 24.1 million square kilometers (9.3 million square miles) on Sept. 11, 2014. Compared to the 1991-2014 period, the 2015 ozone hole average area was the fourth largest.",
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