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Lepsch", "employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc." } ] } ], "missions": [], "series": [ "Narrated Movies" ], "tapes": [ "Comparing Coronal Mass Ejections (Produced by: Will Duquette)" ], "papers": [], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Sun" ], "keywords": [ "HDTV" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [ { "id": 11689, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11689/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Modeling Earth's Magnetism", "description": "Surrounding Earth is a giant magnetic field called the magnetosphere. Its shape is defined not only by the planet's north and south magnetic poles, but also by a steady stream of particles coming in from the sun called the solar wind. The magnetosphere is buffeted by this wind and can change shape dramatically when the sun lets loose an immense cloud of gas known as a coronal mass ejection. To understand and predict the impact of such space weather events on Earth, the Community-Coordinated Modeling Center at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center routinely runs computer simulations of past eruptions. Solar storms can inflict serious damage on things like power grids and Earth-orbiting satellites. The simulations let scientists estimate the consequences of outbursts of different magnitude, helping us to better plan for the future. Watch the video to learn more. || ", "release_date": "2014-12-09T11:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:50:14.662182-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 448314, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011600/a011689/c-1024_print.jpg", "filename": "c-1024_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Our planet's magnetic field changes shape constantly due to strong winds from the sun.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4188, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4188/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Comparative Magnetospheres: A Noteworthy Coronal Mass Ejection", "description": "In an effort to understand and predict the impact of space weather events on Earth, the Community-Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, routinely runs computer models of the many historical events. These model runs are then compared to actual data to determine ways to improve the model, and therefore forecasts of the impacts of future space weather events.In mid-December of 2006, the Sun erupted with a bright flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) that launched particles Earthward. While not the brightest or largest event observed, its impact on Earth was substantial, requiring some effort to protect satellites (ESA: Reacting to a solar flare).The visualization presented here is a CCMC run of a BATS-R-US model simulating the impact of this event on Earth. Here, lines are used to represent the 'flow direction' of magnetic field of the solar wind impacting Earth, as well as the effects on Earth's geomagnetic field. A 'cut-plane' through the data illustrates the changes in the particle density in the solar wind and magnetosphere. The color of the data represents a logarithmic scaling of density, with red as the highest (1000 particles per cubic centimeter) down to blue (0.01 particles per cubic centimeter). In this simulation, each frame of the movie corresponds to two minutes of real time.In the movie, we see vertical field lines of magnetic field carried by the solar wind, coming in from the left. As this field, and the plasma carrying it, strike Earth's magnetic field, they bend and reconnect, around the Earth. Some field lines actually reconnect to the polar regions of the Earth, providing a ready flow-path for particles to reach the ionosphere and generate aurora. This interaction between the solar wind and the plasma trapped in Earth's magnetosphere also creates a density enhancement between Earth and the solar wind helping to shield Earth from some of the effects. A lower density wake forms behind Earth (the blue region). There is a circular 'hole' around the Earth which is a gap in the model. || ", "release_date": "2014-09-25T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-05T22:31:29.713646-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 452471, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004188/Earth_December2006_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0300_print.jpg", "filename": "Earth_December2006_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0300_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This movie opens with a close-up view of Earth with geo-magnetic field lines. The camera pulls out and fades in a profile slice of the plasma density data.This video is also available on our YouTube channel.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4189, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4189/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Comparative Magnetospheres: A Carrington-Class CME", "description": "In an effort to understand and predict the impact of space weather events on Earth, the Community-Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, routinely runs computer models of the many historical events. These model runs are then compared to actual data to determine ways to improve the model, and therefore forecasts of the impacts of future space weather events.But sometimes we don't have an actual event where we have lots of data for comparison. Extreme space weather events are one example where we must test models with a rather limited set of data.This is a model run used to examine the consequences if a large coronal mass ejection (CME) such as The Carrington-Class CME of 2012 had actual hit Earth. Such model runs allow us to estimate consequences of a large event hitting Earth so we can better protect power grids and satellites.Some of the conclusions from this model run are (documented in the paper linked below):The magnetopause is compressed to the point it is moved inside the orbits of our geosynchronous satellites.Large field-aligned currents are created on the night-side of Earth, generating large ionospheric potentials.At high latitudes, geo-electric fields of 26 volts per kilometer can be generated.For comparison, the geo-electric field of the March 1989 storm which generated an extensive power outage in Canada (Wikipedia) had a value of only about 6 volts per kilometer; and the 2003 Halloween solar storms (see Halloween Solar Storms 2003) generated a field of about 12 volts per kilometer. || ", "release_date": "2014-09-25T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-12-29T22:16:09.811536-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 452497, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004189/Earth_CarringtonClass_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0001_print.jpg", "filename": "Earth_CarringtonClass_Pullout.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This movie opens with a close-up view of Earth with geo-magnetic field lines. The camera pulls out and fades in a profile slice of the plasma density data.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }