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SDO captures images of the sun in 10 different wavelengths, each of which helps highlight a different temperature of solar material. Different temperatures can, in turn, show specific structures on the sun such as solar flares, which are giant explosions of light and x-rays, or coronal loops, which are streams of solar material traveling up and down looping magnetic field lines. The movie shows examples of both, as well as what's called prominence eruptions, when masses of solar material leap off the sun. The movie also shows a sunspot group on the solar surface. This sunspot, a magnetically strong and complex region appearing in mid-January 2014, was one of the largest in nine years.

Scientists study these images to better understand the complex electromagnetic system causing the constant movement on the sun, which can ultimately have an effect closer to Earth, too: Flares and another type of solar explosion called coronal mass ejections can sometimes disrupt technology in space. Moreover, studying our closest star is one way of learning about other stars in the galaxy. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. built, operates, and manages the SDO spacecraft for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C.

SDO: Year One here.

SDO: Year 2 here.

SDO: Year 3 here.

Information about the individual clips used in this video is here.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 344932, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11460/#media_group_344932", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Massive solar flares, graceful eruptions of solar material, and an enormous sunspot make up some of the imagery captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory during its fourth year in orbit.

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Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.

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Wiessinger", "width": 2048, "height": 2048, "pixels": 4194304 } }, { "id": 305450, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 458607, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011400/a011460/304_Year_4_blend_FINAL_4k.tif", "filename": "304_Year_4_blend_FINAL_4k.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This image, and the one at the top, is a composite of 25 separate images spanning the period of February 11, 2013 to February 11, 2014. It uses the SDO AIA wavelength of 304 angstroms and reveals the zones on the sun where active regions, and associated eruptions, are most common during this part of the solar cycle. This version maintains the original aspect ratio of the AIA instrument imagery.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO/S. 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Resource Page", "description": "A child looks up at Solarium at the Goddard Visitor Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.Photo Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center || E_LowAngle_304_crop_print.jpg (1024x677) [110.0 KB] || E_LowAngle_304_crop.png (3938x2604) [11.3 MB] || E_LowAngle_304_crop.jpg (3938x2604) [1.8 MB] || E_LowAngle_304_crop_web.png (320x211) [82.5 KB] || ", "release_date": "2015-02-05T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:50:03.227811-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 446712, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011700/a011745/16502771221_fcf9afbac6_z_print.jpg", "filename": "16502771221_fcf9afbac6_z_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A crowd looks at Solarium in February 2015 at the Goddard Visitor Center in Greenbelt, MD.Photo Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center", "width": 1024, "height": 699, "pixels": 715776 } }, { "id": 11203, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11203/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SDO: Year 3", "description": "On Feb. 11, 2010, NASA launched an unprecedented solar observatory into space. The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) flew up on an Atlas V rocket, carrying instruments that scientists hoped would revolutionize observations of the sun. If all went according to plan, SDO would provide incredibly high-resolution data of the entire solar disk almost as quickly as once a second. When the science team released its first images in April of 2010, SDO's data exceeded everyone's hopes and expectations, providing stunningly detailed views of the sun. In the three years since then, SDO's images have continued to show breathtaking pictures and movies of eruptive events on the sun. Such imagery is more than just pretty, they are the very data that scientists study. By highlighting different wavelengths of light, scientists can track how material on the sun moves. Such movement, in turn, holds clues as to what causes these giant explosions, which, when Earth-directed, can disrupt technology in space. SDO is the first mission in a NASA's Living With a Star program, the goal of which is to develop the scientific understanding necessary to address those aspects of the sun-Earth system that directly affect our lives and society. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. built, operates, and manages the SDO spacecraft for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C.SDO: Year One here.SDO: Year 2 here.Information about the individual clips used in this video is here.Watch this video on YouTube. || ", "release_date": "2013-02-11T10:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-02-02T00:20:19.989382-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 468557, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011203/Flux_Rope_Blend_Still.jpg", "filename": "Flux_Rope_Blend_Still.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Blended 131 angstrom and 171 angstrom images of July 19, 2012 flare and CME.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 10966, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10966/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SDO: Year 2", "description": "April 21, 2012 marks the two-year anniversary of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) First Light press conference, where NASA revealed the first images taken by the spacecraft. This video highlights just some of the amazing events witnessed in SDO's second year. || ", "release_date": "2012-04-20T08:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-03-09T00:14:31.380313-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 476549, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010966/y2.180.png", "filename": "y2.180.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 10748, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10748/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SDO: Year One", "description": "April 21, 2011 marks the one-year anniversary of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) First Light press conference, where NASA revealed the first images taken by the spacecraft.In the last year, the sun has gone from its quietest period in years to the activity marking the beginning of solar cycle 24. SDO has captured every moment with a level of detail never-before possible. The mission has returned unprecedented images of solar flares, eruptions of prominences, and the early stages of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this video are some of the most beautiful, interesting, and mesmerizing events seen by SDO during its first year.In the order they appear in the video the events are:1. Prominence Eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on March 30, 20102. Cusp Flow from AIA in 171 Ångstroms on February 14, 20113. Prominence Eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 25, 20114. Cusp Flow from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 14, 20115. Merging Sunspots from HMI in Continuum on October 24-28, 20106. Prominence Eruption and active region from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on April 30, 20107. Solar activity and plasma loops from AIA in 171 Ångstroms on March 4-8, 20118. Flowing plasma from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on April 19, 20109. Active regions from HMI in Magnetogram on March 10, 201110. Filament eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on December 6, 201011. CME start from AIA in 211 Ångstroms on March 8, 201112. X2 flare from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 15, 2011 || ", "release_date": "2011-04-21T09:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:53:50.078789-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 487248, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010700/a010748/SDO_Year_One_Still_1.jpg", "filename": "SDO_Year_One_Still_1.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "SDO:Year One video. Music courtesy of Moby Gratis.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1281, "height": 713, "pixels": 913353 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }