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    "title": "Sea Ice Update",
    "description": "The cap of floating sea ice that covers the Arctic Ocean melted in the summer of 2012 to its smallest size in nearly 35 years of satellite observations. But as frigid fall and winter temperatures swept over the region, the Arctic seas refroze and the dynamic mass of ice grew again toward its annual peak, reaching it on February 28, 2013. These two seasonal milestones—the Arctic sea ice minimum and maximum—are closely watched by NASA scientists and used as benchmarks of climate change. While the drastic shrinking of the minimum has gained attention in recent years, the maximum has also declined in size but at a slower rate. Still, nine of the 10 smallest maximums in the satellite era occurred in the past decade, with the 2013 maximum ranking as the fifth smallest since 1978. Watch the visualization to see satellite observations of Arctic sea ice from March 2012 through February 2013. || ",
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        {
            "id": 4052,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4052/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from March 2012 to February 2013",
            "description": "This animation shows the seasonal change in the extent of the Arctic sea ice between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. The annual cycle starts with the maximum extent reached on March 15, 2012. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to its minimum extent before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This new ice generated on an annual basis is called \"first-year\" ice and is thinner than the older sea ice. The perennial ice is the portion of the ice cap that spans multiple years and represents its thickest component. On September 13, 2012, the sea ice minimum covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The annual maximum extent for 2013 reached on February 28 reached an extent of 15.09 million square kilometers. || ",
            "release_date": "2013-04-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2024-10-09T00:03:23.212585-04:00",
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