{ "id": 10996, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10996/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SDO's Ultra-high Definition View of 2012 Venus Transit", "description": "Launched on Feb. 11, 2010, the Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, is the most advanced spacecraft ever designed to study the sun. During its five-year mission, it will examine the sun's atmosphere, magnetic field and also provide a better understanding of the role the sun plays in Earth's atmospheric chemistry and climate. SDO provides images with resolution 8 times better than high-definition television and returns more than a terabyte of data each day.On June 5 2012, SDO collected images of the rarest predictable solar event—the transit of Venus across the face of the sun. This event lasted approximately 6 hours and happens in pairs eight years apart, which are separated from each other by 105 or 121 years. The last transit was in 2004 and the next will not happen until 2117.The videos and images displayed here are constructed from several wavelengths of extreme ultraviolet light and a portion of the visible spectrum. The red colored sun is the 304 angstrom ultraviolet, the golden colored sun is 171 angstrom, the magenta sun is 1700 angstrom, and the orange sun is filtered visible light. 304 and 171 show the atmosphere of the sun, which does not appear in the visible part of the spectrum. || ", "release_date": "2012-06-05T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-12T00:19:38.737288-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 475645, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010996/AIA171A_Venus_Transit_20120605T211212new_web.jpg", "filename": "AIA171A_Venus_Transit_20120605T211212new_web.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "193 angstrom image from SDO", "width": 319, "height": 191, "pixels": 60929 }, "main_video": null, "main_credits": { "Visualizations by": [ { "name": "Tom Bridgman", "employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc." } ] }, "progress": "Complete", "media_groups": [ { "id": 349105, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10996/#media_group_349105", "widget": "Basic text with HTML", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Launched on Feb. 11, 2010, the Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, is the most advanced spacecraft ever designed to study the sun. During its five-year mission, it will examine the sun's atmosphere, magnetic field and also provide a better understanding of the role the sun plays in Earth's atmospheric chemistry and climate. SDO provides images with resolution 8 times better than high-definition television and returns more than a terabyte of data each day.

On June 5 2012, SDO collected images of the rarest predictable solar event—the transit of Venus across the face of the sun. This event lasted approximately 6 hours and happens in pairs eight years apart, which are separated from each other by 105 or 121 years. The last transit was in 2004 and the next will not happen until 2117.

The videos and images displayed here are constructed from several wavelengths of extreme ultraviolet light and a portion of the visible spectrum. The red colored sun is the 304 angstrom ultraviolet, the golden colored sun is 171 angstrom, the magenta sun is 1700 angstrom, and the orange sun is filtered visible light. 304 and 171 show the atmosphere of the sun, which does not appear in the visible part of the spectrum.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 349106, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10996/#media_group_349106", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Collection of SDO footage of transit in multiple wavelengths set to music. The music track is \"Dramatic Intro\" from Stockmusic.net

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July 12-13 Venus and Mars Will Appear Extra Close To Each Other In Night Sky", "description": "Quick link to associated B-ROLLQuick link to soundbites with Giada Arney / DAVINCI Deputy Principal InvestigatorQuick link to soundbites with Jim Garvin / DAVINCI Principal Investigator || venus.banner3-final.jpg (926x179) [50.5 KB] || venus.banner3-final_print.jpg (1024x197) [50.0 KB] || venus.banner3-final_searchweb.png (320x180) [112.6 KB] || venus.banner3-final_thm.png (80x40) [9.1 KB] || ", "release_date": "2021-07-09T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:04.881396-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 378066, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013800/a013878/venus.banner3-final_print.jpg", "filename": "venus.banner3-final_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Quick link to associated B-ROLLQuick link to soundbites with Giada Arney / DAVINCI Deputy Principal InvestigatorQuick link to soundbites with Jim Garvin / DAVINCI Principal Investigator", "width": 1024, "height": 197, "pixels": 201728 } }, { "id": 12232, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12232/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Mercury Transit Live Shots May 9, 2016", "description": "NASA will broadcast a stunning view of Mercury on May 9 as it journeys across the sun. The event, known as a transit, occurs when Mercury passes directly between Earth and the sun. This rare phenomenon will cause Mercury to look like a black dot gliding across the sun’s face. Mercury’s last transit was in 2006, and it won’t happen again until 2019!Starting at 7:12 a.m. EDT, Mercury will spend more than seven hours travelling across the sun. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory will take the first near real time, ultra-high definition images ever for this event. This is also an opportunity for NASA scientists to fine tune the spacecraft’s cameras, using a method that can only be done during a transit. NASA scientists are available Monday, May 9 from 6:00 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. EDT to show your viewers amazing images of this event as it unfolds. Scientists will also share why transits are important, and how they’re being used to learn more about planets in our solar system—and beyond. Scientists have been using transits for hundreds of years to study the planets in our solar system. When a planet crosses in front of the sun, it causes the sun’s brightness to dim. Scientists can measure similar brightness dips from other stars to find planets orbiting them, and can calculate their sizes, how far away the planets are from their stars, and even get hints of what they’re made of. Upcoming NASA missions will watch for transits outside our solar system in order to find new planets, including some that could resemble Earth.****To book a window***Contact Claire Saravia – claire.g.desaravia@nasa.govSuggested questions: 1.Mercury is trekking across the sun today for the first time in 10 years. How can we see this transit?2.Why are transits so important to astronomers? 3.Why does NASA watch the sun?4.NASA is using the transit method to study planets beyond our solar system. What do we expect to learn from future missions doing this? 5.Where can we learn more? HD Satellite Coordinates for AMC9-K17: AMC-9 Ku-band Xp 17 Slot AB| 83.0 ° W Longitude | DL 12045.8 MHz | Horizontal Polarity | QPSK/DVB-S | FEC 3/4 | SR 13.235 Mbps | DR 18.2954 MHz | HD 720p | Format MPEG2 | Chroma Level 4:2:0 | Audio EmbeddedMercury Transit Gallery Page || ", "release_date": "2016-05-02T15:30:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:48:40.431315-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 424753, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012200/a012232/Screen_Shot_2016-05-09_at_5.25.17_AM.png", "filename": "Screen_Shot_2016-05-09_at_5.25.17_AM.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "NASA scientist Dr. Stephen Rinehart talks about the May 9 Mercury transit, why transits are important and how scientists are using transits in the search for exoplanets. ", "width": 1712, "height": 900, "pixels": 1540800 } }, { "id": 11255, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11255/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Three Years of SDO Images", "description": "In the three years since it first provided images of the sun in the spring of 2010, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has had virtually unbroken coverage of the sun's rise toward solar maximum, the peak of solar activity in its regular 11-year cycle. This video shows those three years of the sun at a pace of two images per day. Each image is displayed for two frames at a 29.97 frame rate.SDO's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) captures a shot of the sun every 12 seconds in 10 different wavelengths. The images shown here are based on a wavelength of 171 angstroms, which is in the extreme ultraviolet range and shows solar material at around 600,000 Kelvin. In this wavelength it is easy to see the sun's 25-day rotation as well as how solar activity has increased over three years.During the course of the video, the sun subtly increases and decreases in apparent size. This is because the distance between the SDO spacecraft and the sun varies over time. The image is, however, remarkably consistent and stable despite the fact that SDO orbits the Earth at 6,876 miles per hour and the Earth orbits the sun at 67,062 miles per hour.Such stability is crucial for scientists, who use SDO to learn more about our closest star. These images have regularly caught solar flares and coronal mass ejections in the act, types of space weather that can send radiation and solar material toward Earth and interfere with satellites in space. SDO's glimpses into the violent dance on the sun help scientists understand what causes these giant explosions — with the hopes of some day improving our ability to predict this space weather.The four wavelength view at the end of the video shows light at 4500 angstroms, which is basically the visible light view of the sun, and reveals sunspots; light at 193 angstroms which highlights material at 1 million Kelvin and reveals more of the sun's corona; light at 304 angstroms which highlights material at around 50,000 Kelvin and shows features in the transition region and chromosphere of the sun; and light at 171 angstroms.Noteworthy events that appear briefly in the main sequence of this video:00:30;24 Partial eclipse by the moon00:31;16 Roll maneuver01:11;02 August 9, 2011 X6.9 Flare, currently the largest of this solar cycle01:28;07 Comet Lovejoy, December 15, 201101:42;29 Roll Maneuver01:51;07 Transit of Venus, June 5, 201202:28;13 Partial eclipse by the moonWatch this video on YouTube. || ", "release_date": "2013-04-22T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:13.276278-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 466375, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011255/Timelapse_Sun_1080-16x9.jpg", "filename": "Timelapse_Sun_1080-16x9.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Video of three years-worth of SDO data at a wavelength of 171 angstroms and then 4 different synchronized wavelengths: 171, 304, 193, and 4500. Information about the still image is below.Music: \"A Lady's Errand of Love\" - composed and performed by Martin LassFor complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 11203, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11203/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SDO: Year 3", "description": "On Feb. 11, 2010, NASA launched an unprecedented solar observatory into space. The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) flew up on an Atlas V rocket, carrying instruments that scientists hoped would revolutionize observations of the sun. If all went according to plan, SDO would provide incredibly high-resolution data of the entire solar disk almost as quickly as once a second. When the science team released its first images in April of 2010, SDO's data exceeded everyone's hopes and expectations, providing stunningly detailed views of the sun. In the three years since then, SDO's images have continued to show breathtaking pictures and movies of eruptive events on the sun. Such imagery is more than just pretty, they are the very data that scientists study. By highlighting different wavelengths of light, scientists can track how material on the sun moves. Such movement, in turn, holds clues as to what causes these giant explosions, which, when Earth-directed, can disrupt technology in space. SDO is the first mission in a NASA's Living With a Star program, the goal of which is to develop the scientific understanding necessary to address those aspects of the sun-Earth system that directly affect our lives and society. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. built, operates, and manages the SDO spacecraft for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C.SDO: Year One here.SDO: Year 2 here.Information about the individual clips used in this video is here.Watch this video on YouTube. || ", "release_date": "2013-02-11T10:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2025-02-02T00:20:19.989382-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 468557, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011203/Flux_Rope_Blend_Still.jpg", "filename": "Flux_Rope_Blend_Still.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Blended 131 angstrom and 171 angstrom images of July 19, 2012 flare and CME.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 10965, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10965/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Visions Of Venus", "description": "On June 5-6, 2012, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) captured beautiful, high-definition images of an astronomical event that occurs only twice every hundred years or so: the transit of Venus, when the planet passes directly between the sun and Earth. Such images could not have been envisioned when a ground telescope was first used to see the transit in 1639. Indeed, the imagery even improves on that captured during the last transit in 2004, before SDO was in orbit. During the event, scientists used the precise details about the position of Venus and the sharpness of its edges to help calibrate space telescopes, ensuring even better observations in the future. In the videos below, watch Venus dance across the face of the sun, as viewed by SDO in multiple wavelengths, and see the planet's approach leading up to the transit. || ", "release_date": "2012-06-07T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-06T01:22:18.897373-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 475488, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010965/193_Egress_Complete-576.jpg", "filename": "193_Egress_Complete-576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Backlit by the sun, seen here at 193 angstroms, Venus completes its last transit until 2117.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 10998, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10998/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "SOHO LASCO View of Approaching Venus Transit", "description": "The LASCO C2 and C3 coronographs on board the SOHO spacecraft have been watching the approach of Venus for its last solar transit until 2117.With coronagraphs, the Sun is being blocked by an occulting disk, seen here in blue, so that SOHO can observe the much fainter features in the Sun's corona. The actual size of the Sun is represented by the white disk. The transit of Venus begins tomorrow, June 5, at about 6pm Eastern Daylight Time, or about 10pm Universal Time. It will last approximately 6 hours. || ", "release_date": "2012-06-04T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:53:02.569340-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 475564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010998/SOHO_C3_Still.jpg", "filename": "SOHO_C3_Still.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Video of approaching Venus Transit from LASCO C3 covering May 31 to midday June 4.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 3943, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3943/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Venus Transit - 2012", "description": "It was your last chance for the next 105 years.A transit is when a planet passes directly between the Sun and the Earth and we see the planet as a small dot moving slowly across the face of the Sun. A Venus transit occurred in 2004 (see Venus Transit from GOES/SXI). Prior to that it was 1882. The last Venus transit occurred on June 5-6, 2012 and the next one won't occur until 2117 (See the NASA Eclipse Web Site).To understand the significance of these events, it helps to know the history of how the Venus transits provided one of the first estimates of the size of the Solar System, and eventually the Universe (see A Brief History of the Transit of Venus).In this visualization, there are a few things which should be noted. 1) The camera view is NOT from anywhere on the surface of the Earth, but corresponds to an observer positioned along the Earth-Sun line, but over the north pole of the Earth. This causes the path of Venus to cross the solar disk lower (closer to the solar equator) than it would appear to an observer on the surface of the Earth.2) The ephemeris used for computing the planetary positions was not the high-precision JPL ephemeris (DE-421), but a lower-precision approximation. Yet, when tracked in detail, the transit takes place only about five hours later. It was decided that since the view of the transit in this visual does not correspond to any actual location ON the Earth, it might be misleading to present high-precision timing of the event.This visualization was developed for conceptual illustration and not meant for precision scientific use. || ", "release_date": "2012-05-29T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-01-13T00:05:40.169970-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 476878, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003900/a003943/SolarSystemViewB.HD1080_GSEmove.HD1080i.0855.jpg", "filename": "SolarSystemViewB.HD1080_GSEmove.HD1080i.0855.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This movie illustrates how the relative motions of the Earth and Venus in their orbits will produce the transit.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 20190, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20190/", "page_type": "Animation", "title": "2012 Venus Transit", "description": "Movie showing an artist's conception of the 2012 Venus transit. Starting on the surface of Venus, the camera pulls up through the planets clouds and flies back towards Earth to watch Venus's transit accross the Sun. || ", "release_date": "2012-04-05T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:53:09.649799-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 476985, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020100/a020190/Xit1953_ipad_poster_frame.jpg", "filename": "Xit1953_ipad_poster_frame.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Venus 2012 Transit animation.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }