For complete transcript, click here.", "items": [ { "id": 334937, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490596, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper.jpg", "filename": "Kuiper.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334938, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490597, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_web.png", "filename": "Kuiper_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 334939, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490598, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_thm.png", "filename": "Kuiper_thm.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 80, "height": 40, "pixels": 3200 } }, { "id": 334929, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490588, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_ProRes_1280x720_59.94.mov", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_ProRes_1280x720_59.94.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334930, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490589, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_960x720_29.97_Apple_TV.m4v", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_960x720_29.97_Apple_TV.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 960, "height": 720, "pixels": 691200 } }, { "id": 334931, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490590, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_1280x720_30.mov", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_1280x720_30.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334932, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490591, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_MPEG4.mp4", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_MPEG4.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334933, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490592, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_1280x720_59.94_Youtube.mov", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_1280x720_59.94_Youtube.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334940, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490587, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_960x720_29.97_Apple_TV.webmhd.webm", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_960x720_29.97_Apple_TV.webmhd.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 960, "height": 540, "pixels": 518400 } }, { "id": 334934, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490593, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_640x360_29.97.m4v", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_640x360_29.97.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 640, "height": 360, "pixels": 230400 } }, { "id": 334935, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490594, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_320x180_29.97.m4v", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_H264_320x180_29.97.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 334936, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490595, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/10635_Kuiper_Belt_MPEG1.mpg", "filename": "10635_Kuiper_Belt_MPEG1.mpg", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Short video about the Kuiper Belt and the new supercomputer model of its evolution.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 352, "height": 240, "pixels": 84480 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352812, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352812", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "items": [ { "id": 334947, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490606, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuier_Model_Text.png", "filename": "Kuier_Model_Text.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334948, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490607, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuier_Model_Text_web.png", "filename": "Kuier_Model_Text_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 334941, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490600, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuper_Model_with_Text.mov", "filename": "Kuper_Model_with_Text.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334942, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490601, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_Text_MPEG4.mp4", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_Text_MPEG4.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334943, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490602, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_Text_H.264_1280x720_30.mov", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_Text_H.264_1280x720_30.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334944, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490603, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_Text_720_H.264_Youtube.mov", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_Text_720_H.264_Youtube.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334949, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490599, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuper_Model_with_Text.webmhd.webm", "filename": "Kuper_Model_with_Text.webmhd.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 960, "height": 540, "pixels": 518400 } }, { "id": 334945, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490604, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_Text_H.264_iPhone_640x360.m4v", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_Text_H.264_iPhone_640x360.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 640, "height": 360, "pixels": 230400 } }, { "id": 334946, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490605, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_Text_MPEG1.mpg", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_Text_MPEG1.mpg", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt with dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 352, "height": 240, "pixels": 84480 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352813", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "items": [ { "id": 334956, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490615, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_No_text.png", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_No_text.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1277, "height": 720, "pixels": 919440 } }, { "id": 334957, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490616, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_No_text_web.png", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_No_text_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 334950, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490609, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuper_Model_no_Text.mov", "filename": "Kuper_Model_no_Text.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334951, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490610, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_nText_MPEG4.mp4", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_nText_MPEG4.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334952, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490611, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_nText_H.264_1280x720_30.mov", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_nText_H.264_1280x720_30.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334953, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490612, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_nText_720_H.264_Youtube.mov", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_nText_720_H.264_Youtube.mov", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 334958, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490608, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuper_Model_no_Text.webmhd.webm", "filename": "Kuper_Model_no_Text.webmhd.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 960, "height": 540, "pixels": 518400 } }, { "id": 334954, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490613, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_nText_H.264_iPhone_640x360.m4v", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_nText_H.264_iPhone_640x360.m4v", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 640, "height": 360, "pixels": 230400 } }, { "id": 334955, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490614, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/Kuiper_Model_nText_MPEG1.mpg", "filename": "Kuiper_Model_nText_MPEG1.mpg", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Super computer simulation of Kuiper belt without dates. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 352, "height": 240, "pixels": 84480 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352814, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352814", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "items": [ { "id": 334959, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/dust_montage_labels.jpg", "filename": "dust_montage_labels.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 5000, "height": 5682, "pixels": 28410000 } }, { "id": 334960, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490618, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/dust_montage_labels_web.png", "filename": "dust_montage_labels_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 320, "height": 363, "pixels": 116160 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352815, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352815", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history. No Labels.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "items": [ { "id": 334961, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490619, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/dust_montage_no_labels.jpg", "filename": "dust_montage_no_labels.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history. No Labels. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 5000, "height": 5682, "pixels": 28410000 } }, { "id": 334962, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490620, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/dust_montage_no_labels_web.png", "filename": "dust_montage_no_labels_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "These images, produced by computer models that track the movement of icy grains, represent infrared snapshots of Kuiper Belt dust as seen by a distant observer. For the first time, the models include the effects of collisions among grains. By ramping up the collision rate, the simulations show how the distant view of the solar system might have changed over its history. No Labels. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark", "width": 320, "height": 363, "pixels": 116160 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352816, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352816", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Simulated images of the ancient Kuiper Belt bear a striking resemblance to this Hubble Space Telescope view of the dusty ring around Fomalhaut, a young star located 25 light-years away in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. In 2008, Hubble spotted a planet orbiting inside the ring. The bright central star is masked out so that the faint ring can be seen.
Credit: NASA/ESA/P. Kalas, J. Graham, E. Chiang, E. Kite (Univ. of California, Berkeley), M. Clampin (Goddard Space Flight Center), M. Fitzgerald (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and K. Stapelfeldt and J. Krist (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)", "items": [ { "id": 334963, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490621, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/fomalhaut_actual_HI.jpg", "filename": "fomalhaut_actual_HI.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Simulated images of the ancient Kuiper Belt bear a striking resemblance to this Hubble Space Telescope view of the dusty ring around Fomalhaut, a young star located 25 light-years away in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. In 2008, Hubble spotted a planet orbiting inside the ring. The bright central star is masked out so that the faint ring can be seen. Credit: NASA/ESA/P. Kalas, J. Graham, E. Chiang, E. Kite (Univ. of California, Berkeley), M. Clampin (Goddard Space Flight Center), M. Fitzgerald (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and K. Stapelfeldt and J. Krist (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)", "width": 3000, "height": 2400, "pixels": 7200000 } }, { "id": 334964, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 490622, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010635/fomalhaut_actual_HI_web.png", "filename": "fomalhaut_actual_HI_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Simulated images of the ancient Kuiper Belt bear a striking resemblance to this Hubble Space Telescope view of the dusty ring around Fomalhaut, a young star located 25 light-years away in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. In 2008, Hubble spotted a planet orbiting inside the ring. The bright central star is masked out so that the faint ring can be seen. Credit: NASA/ESA/P. Kalas, J. Graham, E. Chiang, E. Kite (Univ. of California, Berkeley), M. Clampin (Goddard Space Flight Center), M. Fitzgerald (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and K. Stapelfeldt and J. Krist (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)", "width": 320, "height": 256, "pixels": 81920 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 352817, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10635/#media_group_352817", "widget": "Basic text", "title": "For More Information", "caption": "", "description": "See [http://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/features/dust-model.html](http://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/features/dust-model.html)", "items": [], "extra_data": {} } ], "studio": "gms", "funding_sources": [ "NASA Astrophysics" ], "credits": [ { "role": "Animator", "people": [ { "name": "Chris Smith", "employer": "HTSI" }, { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "UMBC" } ] }, { "role": "Interviewee", "people": [ { "name": "Christopher Stark", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" } ] }, { "role": "Narrator", "people": [ { "name": "Chris Smith", "employer": "HTSI" } ] }, { "role": "Producer", "people": [ { "name": "Scott Wiessinger", "employer": "UMBC" } ] }, { "role": "Scientist", "people": [ { "name": "Christopher Stark", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" }, { "name": "Marc Kuchner", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Science writer", "people": [ { "name": "Francis Reddy", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" } ] }, { "role": "Graphics", "people": [ { "name": "Francis Reddy", "employer": "University of Maryland College Park" } ] } ], "missions": [], "series": [ "Astrophysics Features", "Astrophysics Simulations", "Astrophysics Stills", "Goddard Shorts", "Narrated Movies" ], "tapes": [ "Dust Ring (Produced by: Robert Crippen)" ], "papers": [ "http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/140/4/1007", "http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/140/4/1007" ], "datasets": [], "nasa_science_categories": [ "Planets & Moons", "Universe" ], "keywords": [ "Ast", "Astrophysics", "Dust", "Exoplanet", "HDTV", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Narrated", "Neptune", "Solar System", "Space science" ], "recommended_pages": [], "related": [ { "id": 11950, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11950/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "New Horizons Interview with Dennis Reuter", "description": "Instrument scientist Dennis Reuter answers questions about Pluto, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft, and the Ralph infrared and visible spectrometer.Watch this video on the NASAexplorer YouTube channel.For complete transcript, click here. || New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.6 KB] || New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3.png (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3_searchweb.png (320x180) [68.1 KB] || New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3_thm.png (80x40) [8.5 KB] || G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER.mov (1920x1080) [3.1 GB] || G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_H264.mov (1920x1080) [769.5 MB] || WMV_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [54.3 MB] || YOUTUBE_HQ_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [232.3 MB] || NASA_TV_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER.mpeg (1280x720) [426.6 MB] || APPLE_TV_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [58.8 MB] || G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER.webm (1920x1080) [12.9 MB] || APPLE_TV_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [58.8 MB] || G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_H264.en_US.srt [2.0 KB] || G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_H264.en_US.vtt [2.0 KB] || NASA_PODCAST_G2015-061_New_Horizons_4Q_MASTER_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [21.1 MB] || ", "release_date": "2015-07-13T11:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:35.805256-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 441924, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011900/a011950/New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3.png", "filename": "New_Horizons_4Q_poster_v3.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Instrument scientist Dennis Reuter answers questions about Pluto, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft, and the Ralph infrared and visible spectrometer.Watch this video on the NASAexplorer YouTube channel.For complete transcript, click here.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 11499, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11499/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Beta Pictoris: Icy Debris Suggests 'Shepherd' Planet", "description": "An international team of astronomers exploring the disk of gas and dust the bright star Beta Pictoris have uncovered a compact cloud of poisonous gas formed by ongoing rapid-fire collisions among a swarm of icy, comet-like bodies. The researchers suggest the comet swarm may be frozen debris trapped and concentrated by the gravity of an as-yet-unseen planet.Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile, astronomers mapped millimeter-wavelength light from dust and carbon monoxide (CO) molecules in a disk surrounding the star. Located about 63 light-years away and only 20 million years old, Beta Pictoris hosts one of the closest, brightest and youngest debris disks known, making it an ideal laboratory for studying the early development of planetary systems. The ALMA images reveal a vast belt of carbon monoxide located at the fringes of the system. Much of the gas is concentrated in a single clump located about 8 billion miles (13 billion kilometers) from the star, or nearly three times the distance between the planet Neptune and the sun. The total amount of CO observed, the scientists say, exceeds 200 million billion tons, equivalent to about one-sixth the mass of Earth’s oceans.The presence of all this gas is a clue that something interesting is going on because ultraviolet starlight breaks up CO molecules in about 100 years, much faster than the main cloud can complete a single orbit around the star. Scientists calculate that a large comet must be completely destroyed every five minutes to offset the destruction of CO molecules. Only an unusually massive and compact swarm of comets could support such an astonishingly high collision rate.The researchers think these comet swarms formed when a as-yet-undetected planet migrated outward, sweeping icy bodies into resonant orbits. When the orbital periods of the comets matched the planet's in some simple ratio – say, two orbits for every three of the planet – the comets received a nudge from the planet at the same location each orbit. Like the regular push of a child's swing, these accelerations amplify over time and work to confine the comets in a small region. || ", "release_date": "2014-03-06T14:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:51:06.704856-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 457608, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011400/a011499/Beta_Pic_Reddy_4k_web.jpg", "filename": "Beta_Pic_Reddy_4k_web.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This artist's concept illustrates the preferred model for explaining ALMA observations of Beta Pictoris. At the outer fringes of the system, the gravitational influence of a hypothetical giant planet (bottom left) captures comets into a dense, massive swarm (right) where frequent collisions occur. The one planet known in the system, Beta Pictoris b, is shown near the star.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/F. Reddy", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 11302, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11302/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Debris Disks Make Patterns Without Planets", "description": "A study by NASA scientists sounds a cautionary note in interpreting rings and spiral arms as signposts for new planets. Thanks to interactions between gas and dust, a debris disk may, under the right conditions, produce narrow rings on its own, no planets needed.Many young stars known to host planets also possess disks containing dust and icy grains, particles produced by collisions among asteroids and comets also orbiting the star. These debris disks often show sharply defined rings or spiral patterns, features that could signal the presence of orbiting planets. Astronomers study the structures as a way to better understand the physical properties of known planets and possibly uncover new ones. When the mass of gas is roughly equal to the mass of dust, the two interact in a way that leads to clumping in the dust and the formation of patterns. Effectively, the gas shepherds the dust into the kinds of structures astronomers would expect to see if a planet were present.Lyra and Kuchner refer to this as the photoelectric instability and developed a simulation to explore its effects. This animation shows how the process alters the density of dust in a debris disk and rapidly leads to the formation of rings, arcs and oval structures. || ", "release_date": "2013-07-12T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:00.670836-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 464186, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011300/a011302/Video_Still.jpg", "filename": "Video_Still.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Watch the changing dust density and the growth of structure in this simulated debris disk. Dust quickly collects into clumps and then forms arcs and rings, structures similar to what astronomers observe in actual debris disks. As the dust heats the gas, the gas pressure increases and changes the drag force experienced by the dust. This essentially herds the dust into clumps that grow into larger patterns. The panel at left shows the disk from an angle of 24 degrees; at right, the disk is face-on. Lighter colors indicate higher dust density. For clarity, the animation does not show light from the central star. The disk extends about 100 times the average distance between Earth and the sun (100 AU, or 9.3 billion miles), which is comparable to the outer edge of our solar system’s Kuiper Belt.Credit: NASA Goddard/W. Lyra (JPL-Caltech), M. Kuchner (Goddard)Watch this video on the NASAexplorer YouTube channel.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } }, { "id": 11116, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11116/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Reviving Fomalhaut b", "description": "A second look at data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope is reanimating the claim that the nearby star Fomalhaut hosts a massive exoplanet. The study suggests that the planet, named Fomalhaut b, is a rare and possibly unique object that is completely shrouded by dust. Fomalhaut is the brightest star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus and lies 25 light-years away. In November 2008, Hubble astronomers announced the exoplanet, named Fomalhaut b, as the first one ever directly imaged in visible light around another star. The object was imaged just inside a vast ring of debris surrounding but offset from the host star. The planet's location and mass — about three times Jupiter's — seemed just right for its gravity to explain the ring's appearance. Recent studies have claimed that this planetary interpretation is incorrect. Based on the object's apparent motion and the lack of an infrared detection by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, they argue that the object is a short-lived dust cloud unrelated to any planet. A new analysis, however, brings the planet conclusion back to life.Watch this video on YouTube. || ", "release_date": "2012-10-25T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:40.552702-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 471501, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011100/a011116/Fomalhaut_b_grave.jpg", "filename": "Fomalhaut_b_grave.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "On November 13, 2008 Fomalhaut b was announced as an exoplanet. Then on January 20, 2012, a paper was published calling this status into question. Now, a new study has reanimated this formerly \"dead\" exoplanet.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }