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    "title": "Rebounding Plasma Flows in the Inner Magnetosphere",
    "description": "Substorms send jets of plasma careening Earthward at speeds near 600,000 miles/hour. Researchers comparing multipoint THEMIS spacecraft observations with the predictions of numerical simulations have determined the width of one such jet and determined what happened to it when it encountered the strong magnetic fields within the inner magnetosphere. Plasma jets with the width of the Earth slam into the inner magnetosphere, generating vortices with opposite senses of rotation that appear and disappear on either side of the plasma jet. These vortices become sources of field-aligned electrical currents that flow down to the Earth's ionosphere, where they generate auroral brightenings and intense magnetic field disturbances. After striking the inner magnetospheric magnetic field, the plasma jet itself bounces back and forth, losing energy each time it encounters the magnetic field, and continuing to oscillate until the flow energy is dissipated in the form of plasma heating. || ",
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    "recommended_pages": [],
    "related": [
        {
            "id": 14805,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14805/",
            "page_type": "Animation",
            "title": "TRACERS Spacecraft Beauty Passes",
            "description": "The TRACERS, or the Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, mission will help scientists understand an explosive process called magnetic reconnection and its effects in Earth’s atmosphere. Magnetic reconnection occurs when magnetic fields and particles from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field. By understanding this process, scientists will be able to better understand and prepare for impacts of solar activity on Earth, such as auroras and disruptions to telecommunications.Learn more about the mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/tracers/ || ",
            "release_date": "2025-03-24T12:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-06-03T12:24:37-04:00",
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                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014800/a014805/TRACERSbeauty_Iowa_4K_ProRes.00001_print.jpg",
                "filename": "TRACERSbeauty_Iowa_4K_ProRes.00001_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Beauty Pass – 4KCredit: University of Iowa / Andy Kale",
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    ],
    "sources": [],
    "products": [
        {
            "id": 14739,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14739/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "From the Moon, NASA’s LEXI Will Reveal Earth’s Magnetic Shield",
            "description": "NASA’s next mission to the Moon will carry an instrument called LEXI (the Lunar Environment Heliospheric X-ray Imager), which will provide the first-ever global view of the magnetic environment that shields Earth from solar radiation.From the surface of the Moon, LEXI will capture wide-field images of Earth's magnetic environment, or magnetosphere, in low-energy (or \"soft\") X-rays. LEXI will study changes in the magnetosphere and help us learn more about how it interacts with a stream of particles from the Sun called the solar wind, which can pose hazards for Artemis astronauts traveling to the Moon.Learn more about LEXI and its CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) flight to the Moon from Hyunju Connor, LEXI co-investigator at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.More on LEXI: https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/heliophysics/nasas-lexi-will-provide-x-ray-vision-of-earths-magnetosphere/ || ",
            "release_date": "2025-01-03T12:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2025-01-16T14:00:58.198229-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 1140107,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014700/a014739/Thumbnail01.jpg",
                "filename": "Thumbnail01.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.Music credit: \"Breakthrough Discovery\" by Phillip John Gregory [PRS] from Universal Production Music",
                "width": 1280,
                "height": 720,
                "pixels": 921600
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 12901,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12901/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "NASA Spacecraft Finds New Magnetic Process in Turbulent Space",
            "description": "Though close to home, the space immediately around Earth is full of hidden secrets and invisible processes. In a new discovery reported in the journal Nature, scientists working with NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft — MMS — have uncovered a new type of magnetic event in our near-Earth environment by using an innovative technique to squeeze extra information out of the data.Magnetic reconnection is one of the most important processes in the space — filled with charged particles known as plasma — around Earth. This fundamental process dissipates magnetic energy and propels charged particles, both of which contribute to a dynamic space weather system that scientists want to better understand, and even someday predict, as we do terrestrial weather.  Reconnection occurs when crossed magnetic field lines snap, explosively flinging away nearby particles at high speeds. The new discovery found reconnection where it has never been seen before — in turbulent plasma. || ",
            "release_date": "2018-05-09T13:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:49.900876-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 405569,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012900/a012901/LARGE_MP4_12901_TurbulentPlasma_MagneticReconnection_large.00204_print.jpg",
                "filename": "LARGE_MP4_12901_TurbulentPlasma_MagneticReconnection_large.00204_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Conceptual animation - Explosive Magnetic Reconnection in Turbulent PlasmaIn a turbulent magnetic environment, magnetic field lines become scrambled. As the field lines cross, intense electric currents (shown here as bright regions) form and eventually trigger magnetic reconnection (indicated by a flash), which is an explosive event that releases magnetic energy accumulated in the current layers and ejects high-speed bi-directional jets of electrons. NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale mission witnessed this process in action as it flew through the electron jets the turbulent boundary just at the edge of Earth’s magnetic environment.Credit: NASA Goddard’s Conceptual Image Lab/Lisa Poje\rSimulations by: University of Chicago/Colby Haggerty; University of Delaware/Tulasi ParasharWatch this video on the NASA.gov Video YouTube channel.\r",
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        }
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