WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:11.094 --> 00:00:11.386 Yeah. 2 00:00:11.386 --> 00:00:13.513 So a total solar eclipse happens 3 00:00:13.513 --> 00:00:17.017 when the moon passes between us here on the earth and the sun. 4 00:00:17.350 --> 00:00:20.353 And for those people who are in the path of totality, 5 00:00:20.353 --> 00:00:24.190 it will block out the moon will block out the main body of the sun, 6 00:00:24.190 --> 00:00:27.193 and you'll get to see the corona or the atmosphere 7 00:00:27.193 --> 00:00:30.196 of the sun peeking out around the moon. 8 00:00:30.488 --> 00:00:34.659 Now, everybody in the contiguous United States will get to see 9 00:00:34.659 --> 00:00:37.912 at least a partial solar eclipse, which means that the moon will block out 10 00:00:38.079 --> 00:00:41.082 part of the sun, but not all of it. 11 00:00:47.922 --> 00:00:48.423 That's right. 12 00:00:48.423 --> 00:00:49.883 Never look directly at the sun, 13 00:00:49.883 --> 00:00:53.887 but there are three safe ways to view the solar eclipse. 14 00:00:54.304 --> 00:00:57.766 The first is with special solar viewers. 15 00:00:57.974 --> 00:01:02.645 These glasses have special filters in front of them so that it is 16 00:01:02.645 --> 00:01:07.358 safe to view the sun always, but during the partial phases of the eclipse as well. 17 00:01:08.109 --> 00:01:12.572 If you're in the path of totality, then during that total phase 18 00:01:12.572 --> 00:01:15.950 of the eclipse, when the moon totally blocks out the main body of the sun, 19 00:01:16.242 --> 00:01:19.120 then it's safe to look directly at the corona, 20 00:01:19.120 --> 00:01:22.332 which is the part of the sun that peeks out during totality. 21 00:01:22.749 --> 00:01:25.251 The third way is to make a pinhole projector. 22 00:01:25.251 --> 00:01:26.836 You can make them. You can also 23 00:01:28.254 --> 00:01:28.880 get one of the 24 00:01:28.880 --> 00:01:31.883 ones that we're using for our punch outreach. 25 00:01:32.050 --> 00:01:33.885 They're just simple holes. 26 00:01:33.885 --> 00:01:35.887 You stand with the sun behind you. 27 00:01:35.887 --> 00:01:40.225 You project the image then of the moon coming between us 28 00:01:40.225 --> 00:01:43.895 and the sun down onto the ground in front of you, 29 00:01:43.895 --> 00:01:46.898 through the holes. 30 00:01:53.947 --> 00:01:55.240 I am so excited 31 00:01:55.240 --> 00:01:58.868 to get to see the solar corona, the atmosphere of the sun. 32 00:01:58.868 --> 00:02:02.747 That's the part of the sun that peeks out around the moon 33 00:02:03.373 --> 00:02:06.668 during the total the totality phase of solar eclipse. 34 00:02:06.918 --> 00:02:09.838 That's the part of the sun that I study all the time, 35 00:02:09.838 --> 00:02:12.882 and I'm so excited to actually get to see it with my own eyes. 36 00:02:20.890 --> 00:02:24.727 This one is different than the one in 2017 for a few reasons. 37 00:02:24.936 --> 00:02:28.064 I got to see the one in 2017. so it was so amazing. 38 00:02:29.107 --> 00:02:31.234 The first is that 39 00:02:31.234 --> 00:02:35.655 the path of totality is coming over where more people live, and so more 40 00:02:35.655 --> 00:02:39.701 people will have the opportunity to see the total phase of the eclipse. 41 00:02:40.243 --> 00:02:44.706 The second thing is that the totality phase is going to last longer 42 00:02:44.706 --> 00:02:48.084 this time than in 2017, almost twice as long. 43 00:02:48.084 --> 00:02:51.921 This one will last for 4 minutes in the central line of totality there. 44 00:02:52.839 --> 00:02:55.925 And the third thing is the sun is more active right now. 45 00:02:56.426 --> 00:03:00.680 So in 2017, there was some activity, The corona had some structure. 46 00:03:01.055 --> 00:03:04.809 But in this phase, the sun is more active. 47 00:03:04.809 --> 00:03:06.811 So that corona, the atmosphere of the sun, 48 00:03:06.811 --> 00:03:10.064 is going to have more complexity and we might even get to see 49 00:03:10.523 --> 00:03:14.402 a magnetic explosion happening on the sun during the eclipse. 50 00:03:24.287 --> 00:03:25.872 Yeah, there's a lot of ways 51 00:03:25.872 --> 00:03:29.209 that anybody can get involved in the science of the eclipse. 52 00:03:29.918 --> 00:03:33.755 One is called Globe Observer, where you can use your cell phone 53 00:03:33.755 --> 00:03:35.215 to measure the cloud coverage 54 00:03:35.215 --> 00:03:38.676 and how the temperature feels during the eclipse. 55 00:03:38.676 --> 00:03:42.764 Because the moon is blocking the sunlight and so the temperature 56 00:03:42.764 --> 00:03:44.891 actually decreases. 57 00:03:44.891 --> 00:03:48.686 There's also a project called Sun Sketcher where you can use your phone 58 00:03:48.686 --> 00:03:52.565 to actually look at the shape of the sun during the eclipse. 59 00:03:52.941 --> 00:03:54.734 The third one is called Soundscape. 60 00:03:54.734 --> 00:03:58.238 So that's one where you can actually record the sounds of the animals 61 00:03:58.238 --> 00:04:00.031 during the eclipse, because the animals are going 62 00:04:00.031 --> 00:04:03.618 to think that it's nighttime, it feels like nighttime and it's dark 63 00:04:03.618 --> 00:04:06.621 like nighttime, and the animals respond to that. 64 00:04:14.003 --> 00:04:14.212 Yeah. 65 00:04:14.212 --> 00:04:18.716 So during the eclipse, the moon is blocking out the sunlight. 66 00:04:18.716 --> 00:04:21.552 And so it feels like dawn or dusk to the animals. 67 00:04:21.552 --> 00:04:24.514 And so they will start to respond like it's nighttime. 68 00:04:24.514 --> 00:04:25.932 You'll hear different sounds 69 00:04:26.933 --> 00:04:30.853 and it's with soundscapes, you can actually record that 70 00:04:30.853 --> 00:04:33.856 and actually help the scientists take data on that. 71 00:04:41.948 --> 00:04:45.994 So during a total solar eclipse, when we can see the solar corona, 72 00:04:45.994 --> 00:04:49.747 the outer atmosphere of the sun, scientists are looking at that corona. 73 00:04:49.747 --> 00:04:53.710 There are a lot of mysteries about how the energy gets into the corona 74 00:04:53.710 --> 00:04:56.921 and how that energy gets from the corona out into the solar system. 75 00:04:57.338 --> 00:05:01.342 The other thing we're looking at is how that energy from the sun impacts 76 00:05:01.509 --> 00:05:02.677 Earth's atmosphere. 77 00:05:02.677 --> 00:05:06.639 And so we're flying experiments sounding rockets to look at how 78 00:05:06.681 --> 00:05:09.684 Earth's atmosphere responds to that decrease in sunlight. 79 00:05:18.484 --> 00:05:19.694 Yeah, women have been 80 00:05:19.694 --> 00:05:22.655 a part of solar studies for a long time. 81 00:05:22.739 --> 00:05:24.824 Two fun examples are Maria mitchell 82 00:05:24.824 --> 00:05:28.161 and Cecilia Payne, who are part of their 1869 83 00:05:28.578 --> 00:05:31.956 total solar eclipse campaigns that came here in the United States. 84 00:05:32.498 --> 00:05:35.293 But here at NASA, we're just so lucky that women 85 00:05:35.293 --> 00:05:39.130 get to be a part of and lead so many solar missions. 86 00:05:39.130 --> 00:05:43.009 Mission development, science studies all throughout Heliophysics. 87 00:05:52.935 --> 00:05:53.353 Yeah. 88 00:05:53.353 --> 00:05:56.564 So during the eclipse, these students are going 89 00:05:56.564 --> 00:06:00.443 to launch balloons with instruments to measure 90 00:06:00.443 --> 00:06:04.238 how the atmosphere responds during the total solar eclipse. 91 00:06:04.238 --> 00:06:09.077 Because during the eclipse, the moon blocks out the main body of the sun. 92 00:06:09.077 --> 00:06:13.039 And so the light coming to the earth and how the atmosphere responds 93 00:06:13.039 --> 00:06:16.042 will be really interesting to study. 94 00:06:16.042 --> 00:06:19.045 And those students are going to be a part of that science. 95 00:06:27.762 --> 00:06:27.929 Yeah, 96 00:06:27.929 --> 00:06:33.476 so you can learn more by going to go dot nasa.gov slash Eclipse 2024. [ go.nasa.gov/eclipse2024 ]