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Yeah.

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So a total solar eclipse happens

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when the moon passes between us
here on the earth and the sun.

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And for those people
who are in the path of totality,

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it will block out the moon will block out
the main body of the sun,

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and you'll get to see the corona
or the atmosphere

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of the sun peeking out around the moon.

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Now, everybody in the contiguous
United States will get to see

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at least a partial solar eclipse,
which means that the moon will block out

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part of the sun, but not all of it.

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That's right.

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Never look directly at the sun,

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but there are three safe ways
to view the solar eclipse.

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The first is with special solar viewers.

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These glasses have special filters
in front of them so that it is

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safe to view the sun always, but during
the partial phases of the eclipse as well.

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If you're in the path of totality,
then during that total phase

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of the eclipse, when the moon totally
blocks out the main body of the sun,

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then it's safe
to look directly at the corona,

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which is the part of the sun
that peeks out during totality.

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The third way
is to make a pinhole projector.

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You can make them. You can also

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get one of the

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ones that we're using
for our punch outreach.

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They're just simple holes.

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You stand with the sun behind you.

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You project the image
then of the moon coming between us

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and the sun down onto the ground
in front of you,

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through the holes.

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I am so excited

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to get to see the solar corona,
the atmosphere of the sun.

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That's the part of the sun
that peeks out around the moon

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during the total
the totality phase of solar eclipse.

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That's the part of the sun
that I study all the time,

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and I'm so excited to actually
get to see it with my own eyes.

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This one is different than the one in 2017
for a few reasons.

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I got to see the one in
2017, so it was so amazing.

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The first is that

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the path of totality is coming over
where more people live, and so more

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people will have the opportunity
to see the total phase of the eclipse.

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The second thing is that
the totality phase is going to last longer

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this time than in 2017,
almost twice as long.

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This one will last for 4 minutes
in the central line of totality there.

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And the third thing is
the sun is more active right now.

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So in 2017, there was some activity,
The corona had some structure.

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But in this phase, the sun is more active.

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So that corona, the atmosphere of the sun,

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is going to have more complexity
and we might even get to see

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a magnetic explosion
happening on the sun during the eclipse.

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Yeah, there's a lot of ways

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that anybody can get involved
in the science of the eclipse.

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One is called Globe Observer,
where you can use your cell phone

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to measure the cloud coverage

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and how the temperature
feels during the eclipse.

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Because the moon is blocking the sunlight
and so the temperature

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actually decreases.

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There's also a project called Sun Sketcher
where you can use your phone

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to actually look at the shape of the sun
during the eclipse.

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The third one is called Soundscape.

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So that's one where you can
actually record the sounds of the animals

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during the eclipse,
because the animals are going

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to think that it's nighttime,
it feels like nighttime and it's dark

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like nighttime,
and the animals respond to that.

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Yeah.

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So during the eclipse,
the moon is blocking out the sunlight.

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And so it feels like dawn
or dusk to the animals.

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And so they will start to respond
like it's nighttime.

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You'll hear different sounds

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and it's with
soundscapes, you can actually record that

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and actually help
the scientists take data on that.

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So during a total solar eclipse,
when we can see the solar corona,

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the outer atmosphere of the sun,
scientists are looking at that corona.

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There are a lot of mysteries
about how the energy gets into the corona

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and how that energy gets from the corona
out into the solar system.

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The other thing we're looking at
is how that energy from the sun impacts

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Earth's atmosphere.

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And so we're flying experiments
sounding rockets to look at how

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Earth's atmosphere
responds to that decrease in sunlight.

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Yeah, women have been

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a part of solar studies for a long time.

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Two fun examples are Maria mitchell

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and Cecilia Payne,
who are part of their 1869

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total solar eclipse campaigns
that came here in the United States.

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But here at NASA, we're just so lucky
that women

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get to be a part of and lead so many solar
missions.

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Mission development, science
studies all throughout Heliophysics.

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Yeah.

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So during
the eclipse, these students are going

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to launch balloons with instruments
to measure

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how the atmosphere responds
during the total solar eclipse.

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Because during the eclipse, the moon
blocks out the main body of the sun.

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And so the light coming to the earth
and how the atmosphere responds

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will be really interesting to study.

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And those students
are going to be a part of that science.

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Yeah,

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so you can learn more by going to go
dot nasa.gov slash Eclipse 2024. [ go.nasa.gov/eclipse2024 ]