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People traveling to see totality, likely numbering in the millions for this eclipse, will rely on maps that show the predicted location of this path. The math used to make eclipse maps was worked out by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel and William Chauvenet in the 19th century, long before computers and the precise astronomical data gathered during the Space Age.

In keeping with their paper and pencil origins, traditional eclipse calculations pretend that all observers are at sea level and that the Moon is a smooth sphere centered on its center of mass. Reasonably accurate maps, including this one, are drawn based on those simplifying assumptions. Those who want greater accuracy are usually referred to elevation tables and plots of the lunar limb.

This animation shows the umbra and its path in a new way. Elevations on the Earth's surface and the irregular lunar limb (the silhouette edge of the Moon's disk) are both fully accounted for, and they both have dramatic and surprising effects on the shape of the umbra and the location of the path. To read more about these effects, go here.

The animation provides an overhead view of the umbra and runs at a rate of 30× real time — every minute of the eclipse takes two seconds in the animation. For an oblique view that emphasizes the terrain of the path, go here.

Earth radius6378.137 km
EllipsoidWGS84
GeoidEGM96
Moon radius1737.4 km
Sun radius696,000 km (959.645 arcsec at 1 AU)
EphemerisDE 421
Earth orientationearth_070425_370426_predict.bpc (ΔT corrected)
Delta UTC69.184 seconds (TT – TAI + 37 leap seconds)
ΔT68.917 seconds
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"Other", "organizations": [], "description": "", "credit": "", "url": "", "date_range": null }, { "name": "Blue Marble: Next Generation", "common_name": "BMNG", "platform": "Terra and Aqua", "sensor": "MODIS", "type": "Other", "organizations": [], "description": "", "credit": "The Blue Marble data is courtesy of Reto Stockli (NASA/GSFC).", "url": "http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/BlueMarble/", "date_range": null }, { "name": "Digital Elevation Map", "common_name": "DEM", "platform": "LRO", "sensor": "LOLA", "type": "Other", "organizations": [], "description": "", "credit": "", "url": "", "date_range": null }, { "name": "JPL DE421", "common_name": "DE421", "platform": null, "sensor": null, "type": "Ephemeris", "organizations": [], "description": "Planetary ephemerides", "credit": "", "url": "http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?ephemerides#planets", "date_range": null }, { "name": "DIgital Elevation Model", "common_name": "SLDEM2015", "platform": "LRO/SELENE", "sensor": "LOLA/TC", "type": "Model", "organizations": [], "description": "A digital elevation model of the Moon derived from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter and the SELENE Terrain Camera. 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Everyone within the dark oval sees totality. || flyover.2101_print.jpg (1024x576) [348.8 KB] || flyover.2101_searchweb.png (180x320) [129.1 KB] || flyover.2101_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || text (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || eclipse2024_flyover_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [59.2 MB] || eclipse2024_flyover_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [24.3 MB] || text (3840x2160) [128.0 KB] || eclipse2024_flyover_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [108.3 MB] || eclipse2024_flyover_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [360.5 MB] || ", "release_date": "2024-02-13T09:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-04-17T00:17:03.995760-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1089154, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005200/a005219/flyover.2101_print.jpg", "filename": "flyover.2101_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This visualization closely follows the Moon's umbra shadow as it crosses North America during the April 8, 2024 total solar eclipse. It covers the one hour and 50 minutes between 10:57 a.m. Pacific Standard Time and 4:47 p.m. Atlantic Daylight Time. Annotations include a running clock and the location of the center of the shadow. Everyone within the dark oval sees totality.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 12565, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12565/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Are You Ready for the Eclipse? (Live Interviews on Aug. 16, 2017)", "description": "Canned interviews and b-roll will be available here starting Tuesday, August 15, at 6:00 p.m. ET. || safety-ls.png (1211x676) [641.9 KB] || safety-ls_print.jpg (1024x571) [82.6 KB] || safety-ls_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.5 KB] || safety-ls_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || ", "release_date": "2017-08-06T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:29.362953-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 412303, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012565/safety-ls.png", "filename": "safety-ls.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Canned interviews and b-roll will be available here starting Tuesday, August 15, at 6:00 p.m. ET.", "width": 1211, "height": 676, "pixels": 818636 } }, { "id": 12648, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12648/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "The Moon's Role in a Solar Eclipse", "description": "This video explains how our moon creates a solar eclipse, why it's such a rare event to see, and how data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has enhanced our ability to map an eclipse's path of totality.Music Provided by Universal Production Music: “Bring Me Up” – Anders Gunnar Kampe & Henrik Lars Wikstrom.Watch this video on the NASA.gov Video YouTube channel. || MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail_print.jpg (1024x576) [40.9 KB] || LROSolarEclipse_Thumbnail.jpg (1920x1080) [491.4 KB] || MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [34.1 KB] || MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_Facebook.webm (1280x720) [21.0 MB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_YOUTUBE_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [296.7 MB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_Facebook.mp4 (1280x720) [219.1 MB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_MASTER.mov (1920x1080) [4.1 GB] || MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_Captions.en_US.srt [3.7 KB] || 12648_MoonsRoleInASolarEclipse_Captions.en_US.vtt [3.7 KB] || ", "release_date": "2017-07-21T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:32.550643-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 413354, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012600/a012648/MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail_print.jpg", "filename": "MoonsRoleEclipseThumnail_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This video explains how our moon creates a solar eclipse, why it's such a rare event to see, and how data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has enhanced our ability to map an eclipse's path of totality.Music Provided by Universal Production Music: “Bring Me Up” – Anders Gunnar Kampe & Henrik Lars Wikstrom.Watch this video on the NASA.gov Video YouTube channel.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 12625, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12625/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Rare Total Solar Eclipse Is Only Two Months Away Live Shots 6.21.17", "description": "B-roll for the live shots || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [85.9 KB] || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_web.png (320x180) [50.5 KB] || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.5 KB] || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [50.5 KB] || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.mov (1280x720) [5.5 GB] || eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.webm (1280x720) [40.3 MB] || ", "release_date": "2017-06-13T14:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:36.391531-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 414060, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012600/a012625/eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "eclipse_6_21_17_b-roll.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "B-roll for the live shots", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4552, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4552/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "2017 Eclipse State Maps", "description": "The path of totality passes through 14 states during the total solar eclipse on August 21, 2017. A map of each of these states, created for NASA's official eclipse 2017 website, is presented here. Except for Montana, each map is 8 inches wide (or high) at 300 DPI. The umbra is shown at 3-minute intervals, with times in the local time zone at the umbra center. The duration of totality is outlined in 30-second increments. Interstate highways are blue, other major roads are red, and secondary roads are gray.Some sources list only 12 states for this eclipse, but in fact the path of totality also grazes the southwestern borders of both Montana and Iowa. The Montana part of the path is in a roadless area at the southern end of the Beaverhead Mountains, a range that defines sections of both the Montana-Idaho border and the Continental Divide. The Iowa part of the path is west of Interstate 29 near Hamburg, south of 310 Street, and bounded on the west by the Missouri River. It includes the Lower Hamburg Bend Wildlife Management Area. || ", "release_date": "2017-02-06T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-01-25T00:08:28.589848-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 416580, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004552/or_preview.jpg", "filename": "or_preview.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Oregon", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4516, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4516/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "2017 Path of Totality: Oblique View", "description": "This animation closely follows the Moon's umbra shadow as it passes over the United States during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. Through the use of a number of NASA datasets, notably the global elevation maps from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, the shape and location of the shadow is depicted with unprecedented accuracy. || usa_oblique.4044_print.jpg (1024x576) [307.4 KB] || usa_oblique.4044_searchweb.png (320x180) [115.3 KB] || usa_oblique.4044_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || totpathoblq2017_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [207.3 MB] || totpathoblq2017_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [117.9 MB] || totpathoblq2017_720p30.webm (1280x720) [22.6 MB] || totpathoblq2017_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [499.6 MB] || totpathoblq2017_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [39.7 MB] || frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/ (3840x2160) [512.0 KB] || totpathoblq2017_4516.key [120.0 MB] || totpathoblq2017_4516.pptx [119.6 MB] || ", "release_date": "2016-12-13T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-01-25T00:07:54.342033-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 418904, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004516/usa_oblique.4044_print.jpg", "filename": "usa_oblique.4044_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This animation closely follows the Moon's umbra shadow as it passes over the United States during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. Through the use of a number of NASA datasets, notably the global elevation maps from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, the shape and location of the shadow is depicted with unprecedented accuracy.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4517, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4517/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Umbra Shapes", "description": "This animation shows the shape of the Moon's umbral shadow during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse, calculated at three different levels of detail. The dark gray is the closest to the true shape. || umbra.0526_print.jpg (1024x576) [40.0 KB] || umbra.0526_searchweb.png (320x180) [19.1 KB] || umbra.0526_thm.png (80x40) [2.8 KB] || umbra_shapes_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [7.3 MB] || umbra_shapes_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [4.4 MB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/shapes/ (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || umbra_shapes_720p30.webm (1280x720) [10.0 MB] || umbra_shapes_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [1.9 MB] || ", "release_date": "2016-12-13T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-01-25T00:07:54.651158-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 418909, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004517/umbra.0526_print.jpg", "filename": "umbra.0526_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This animation shows the shape of the Moon's umbral shadow during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse, calculated at three different levels of detail. The dark gray is the closest to the true shape.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4518, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4518/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "2017 Total Solar Eclipse Map and Shapefiles", "description": "A map of the United States showing the path of totality for the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. This is version 2 of the map, available at both 5400 × 2700 and 10,800 × 5400. || usa_eclipse_map_v2_print.jpg (1024x512) [192.9 KB] || usa_eclipse_map_v2.tif (5400x2700) [26.7 MB] || usa_eclipse_map_v2x2.tif (10800x5400) [85.4 MB] || ", "release_date": "2016-12-13T00:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-01-25T12:51:29.218094-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 418929, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004518/usa_eclipse_map_v2_print.jpg", "filename": "usa_eclipse_map_v2_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A map of the United States showing the path of totality for the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. This is version 2 of the map, available at both 5400 × 2700 and 10,800 × 5400.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 4314, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4314/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "2017 Total Solar Eclipse in the U.S.", "description": "A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red) through or very near several major cities. || usa.0780_print.jpg (1024x576) [144.7 KB] || usa.0780_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.1 KB] || usa.0780_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || eclipse2017usa_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.0 MB] || eclipse2017usa_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [14.0 MB] || eclipse2017usa_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/fancy/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || eclipse2017usa_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [69.5 MB] || eclipse2017usa_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [5.1 MB] || frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/fancy/ (3840x2160) [64.0 KB] || frames/9600x3240_3x1_30p/ (9600x3240) [64.0 KB] || 2017_US_eclipse_4314.pptx [14.6 MB] || 2017_US_eclipse_4314.key [17.1 MB] || ", "release_date": "2015-09-09T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-01-25T00:06:11.955083-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 442536, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004314/usa.0780_print.jpg", "filename": "usa.0780_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red) through or very near several major cities.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [ { "id": 12458, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12458/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Shadow of the Eclipse", "description": "See the most accurate map for Aug 21, 2017's total solar eclipse. || usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [212.7 KB] || usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1920x1080.jpg (1920x1080) [700.1 KB] || usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1920x1080_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1024x576_searchweb.png (320x180) [110.9 KB] || usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080.tif (1920x1080) [3.9 MB] || usa_eclipse_map_16x9.tif (4800x2700) [21.5 MB] || ", "release_date": "2017-06-12T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:36.482168-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 413899, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012400/a012458/usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1024x576.jpg", "filename": "usa_eclipse_map_16x9_1920x1080_1024x576.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "See the most accurate map for Aug 21, 2017's total solar eclipse.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 12412, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12412/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "Tracing the 2017 Solar Eclipse", "description": "When depicting an eclipse path, data visualizers have usually chosen to represent the moon's shadow as an oval. By bringing in a variety of NASA data sets, visualizer Ernie Wright has created a new and more accurate representation of the eclipse. For the first time, we are able to see that the moon's shadow is better represented as a polygon. This more complicated shape is based NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's view of the mountains and valleys that form the moon's jagged edge. By combining moon's terrain, heights of land forms on Earth, and the angle of the sun, Wright is able to show the eclipse path with the greatest accuracy to date. || ", "release_date": "2016-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:48:03.972681-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 418574, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012400/a012412/eclipsethumb.jpg", "filename": "eclipsethumb.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Hear data visualizer Ernie Wright discuss the map in the video above. To see the maps unedited, watch the two videos below.Music credit: Life Choices by Eric ChevalierComplete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } ], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }