{
    "id": 10985,
    "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/",
    "page_type": "Produced Video",
    "title": "Lightning Reverb",
    "description": "Lightning flashes some 50 times every second on Earth. These discharges release bursts of ultra-low-frequency energy that coalesce and get stronger, ultimately creating a beating pulse of electromagnetic waves around the planet. This phenomenon is called Schumann resonance, and it takes place between the ground and the lower ionosphere, a region of charged particles about 60 miles up in the atmosphere. Scientists had thought Schumann resonance was confined within the atmosphere and could only be observed from the planet's surface. Using NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument (VEFI) aboard a U.S. Air Force satellite, scientists recently discovered that energy from the resonance sometimes leaks beyond Earth and can be detected from above, providing a new tool to analyze the chemical and physical makeup of the atmosphere. The animation shows how the electromagnetic energy from lightning gradually resonates around the planet and occasionally even reaches out into space. || ",
    "release_date": "2012-07-03T00:00:00-04:00",
    "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:58.013662-04:00",
    "main_image": {
        "id": 476206,
        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/nssl0016_1024x576.jpg",
        "filename": "nssl0016_1024x576.jpg",
        "media_type": "Image",
        "alt_text": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
        "width": 1024,
        "height": 576,
        "pixels": 589824
    },
    "main_video": {
        "id": 476208,
        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.mp4",
        "filename": "10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.mp4",
        "media_type": "Movie",
        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
        "width": 960,
        "height": 540,
        "pixels": 518400
    },
    "progress": "Complete",
    "media_groups": [
        {
            "id": 348847,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348847",
            "widget": "Basic text with HTML",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Lightning flashes some 50 times every second on Earth. These discharges release bursts of ultra-low-frequency energy that coalesce and get stronger, ultimately creating a beating pulse of electromagnetic waves around the planet. This phenomenon is called Schumann resonance, and it takes place between the ground and the lower ionosphere, a region of charged particles about 60 miles up in the atmosphere. Scientists had thought Schumann resonance was confined within the atmosphere and could only be observed from the planet's surface. Using NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument (VEFI) aboard a U.S. Air Force satellite, scientists recently discovered that energy from the resonance sometimes leaks beyond Earth and can be detected from above, providing a new tool to analyze the chemical and physical makeup of the atmosphere. The animation shows how the electromagnetic energy from lightning gradually resonates around the planet and occasionally even reaches out into space.",
            "items": [],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348848,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348848",
            "widget": "Single image",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 319640,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476206,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/nssl0016_1024x576.jpg",
                        "filename": "nssl0016_1024x576.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 576,
                        "pixels": 589824
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319641,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476203,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/nssl0016_16x9.jpg",
                        "filename": "nssl0016_16x9.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
                        "width": 1816,
                        "height": 1022,
                        "pixels": 1855952
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319642,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476204,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/nssl0016_1024x576_web.png",
                        "filename": "nssl0016_1024x576_web.png",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
                        "width": 320,
                        "height": 180,
                        "pixels": 57600
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319643,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476205,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/nssl0016_1024x576_thm.png",
                        "filename": "nssl0016_1024x576_thm.png",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Energy waves sparked by lightning resonate around Earth and reveal a leaky barrier to space.",
                        "width": 80,
                        "height": 40,
                        "pixels": 3200
                    }
                }
            ],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348849,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348849",
            "widget": "Video player",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 319646,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476209,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_poster.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_poster.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
                        "width": 1280,
                        "height": 720,
                        "pixels": 921600
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319647,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476210,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_poster_576.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_poster_576.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 576,
                        "pixels": 589824
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319645,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476208,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.mp4",
                        "filename": "10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.mp4",
                        "media_type": "Movie",
                        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
                        "width": 960,
                        "height": 540,
                        "pixels": 518400
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319648,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476211,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.webmhd.webm",
                        "filename": "10891_Schumann_540_MASTER_high.webmhd.webm",
                        "media_type": "Movie",
                        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. ",
                        "width": 960,
                        "height": 540,
                        "pixels": 518400
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319644,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 853963,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/a010985_iPad_movie_10891_Schumann_540_MASTER/10891_Schumann_540_MASTER.m3u8",
                        "filename": "10891_Schumann_540_MASTER.m3u8",
                        "media_type": "File",
                        "alt_text": "Lightning flashes set up the resonance pattern that surrounds Earth and in some instances releases energy out of the atmosphere. "
                    }
                }
            ],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348850,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348850",
            "widget": "Single image",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "After bouncing off the ionosphere, the electromagnetic waves from a single lightning burst interact with and amplify other waves.",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 319649,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476213,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still_1.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still_1.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "After bouncing off the ionosphere, the electromagnetic waves from a single lightning burst interact with and amplify other waves.",
                        "width": 1280,
                        "height": 720,
                        "pixels": 921600
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319650,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476214,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still_1_576.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still_1_576.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "After bouncing off the ionosphere, the electromagnetic waves from a single lightning burst interact with and amplify other waves.",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 576,
                        "pixels": 589824
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319651,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476212,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still_1_576_web.png",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still_1_576_web.png",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "After bouncing off the ionosphere, the electromagnetic waves from a single lightning burst interact with and amplify other waves.",
                        "width": 320,
                        "height": 180,
                        "pixels": 57600
                    }
                }
            ],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348851,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348851",
            "widget": "Single image",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Gradually, the interplay among waves originating at many points around the planet creates a large-scale pattern of Schumann resonance.",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 319652,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476216,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still2.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still2.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Gradually, the interplay among waves originating at many points around the planet creates a large-scale pattern of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 1280,
                        "height": 720,
                        "pixels": 921600
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319653,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476217,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still2_576.jpg",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still2_576.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Gradually, the interplay among waves originating at many points around the planet creates a large-scale pattern of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 576,
                        "pixels": 589824
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319654,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476215,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/Schumann_still2_576_web.png",
                        "filename": "Schumann_still2_576_web.png",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Gradually, the interplay among waves originating at many points around the planet creates a large-scale pattern of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 320,
                        "height": 180,
                        "pixels": 57600
                    }
                }
            ],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348852,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348852",
            "widget": "Single image",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Observations by NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument on this Air Force satellite changed scientists' understanding of Schumann resonance.",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 319655,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476219,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/CNOFS_576.jpg",
                        "filename": "CNOFS_576.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Observations by NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument on this Air Force satellite changed scientists' understanding of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 576,
                        "pixels": 589824
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319656,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476220,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/CNOFS_orig.jpg",
                        "filename": "CNOFS_orig.jpg",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Observations by NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument on this Air Force satellite changed scientists' understanding of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 2560,
                        "height": 1440,
                        "pixels": 3686400
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 319657,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
                    "title": null,
                    "caption": null,
                    "instance": {
                        "id": 476218,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010900/a010985/CNOFS_576_web.png",
                        "filename": "CNOFS_576_web.png",
                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Observations by NASA's Vector Electric Field Instrument on this Air Force satellite changed scientists' understanding of Schumann resonance.",
                        "width": 320,
                        "height": 180,
                        "pixels": 57600
                    }
                }
            ],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 348853,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10985/#media_group_348853",
            "widget": "Basic text",
            "title": "For More Information",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "See [NASA.gov](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/news/lightning-waves.html)",
            "items": [],
            "extra_data": {}
        }
    ],
    "studio": "GMS",
    "funding_sources": [
        "PAO"
    ],
    "credits": [
        {
            "role": "Animator",
            "people": [
                {
                    "name": "Ryan Zuber",
                    "employer": "UMBC"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "role": "Video editor",
            "people": [
                {
                    "name": "Scott Wiessinger",
                    "employer": "USRA"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "role": "Producer",
            "people": [
                {
                    "name": "Walt Feimer",
                    "employer": "HTSI"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "role": "Writer",
            "people": [
                {
                    "name": "Karen Fox",
                    "employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "missions": [],
    "series": [],
    "tapes": [],
    "papers": [],
    "datasets": [],
    "nasa_science_categories": [
        "Earth"
    ],
    "keywords": [
        "App"
    ],
    "recommended_pages": [],
    "related": [
        {
            "id": 10891,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10891/",
            "page_type": "Produced Video",
            "title": "Schumann resonance animation",
            "description": "At any given moment about 2,000 thunderstorms roll over Earth, producing some 50 flashes of lightning every second. Each lightning burst creates electromagnetic waves that begin to circle around Earth captured between Earth's surface and a boundary about 60 miles up. Some of the waves - if they have just the right wavelength - combine, increasing in strength, to create a repeating atmospheric heartbeat known as Schumann resonance. This resonance provides a useful tool to analyze Earth's weather, its electric environment, and to even help determine what types of atoms and molecules exist in Earth's atmosphere.The waves created by lightning do not look like the up and down waves of the ocean, but they still oscillate with regions of greater energy and lesser energy. These waves remain trapped inside an atmospheric ceiling created by the lower edge of the \"ionosphere\" - a part of the atmosphere filled with charged particles, which begins about 60 miles up into the sky. In this case, the sweet spot for resonance requires the wave to be as long (or twice, three times as long, etc) as the circumference of Earth. This is an extremely low frequency wave that can be as low as 8 Hertz (Hz) - some one hundred thousand times lower than the lowest frequency radio waves used to send signals to your AM/FM radio. As this wave flows around Earth, it hits itself again at the perfect spot such that the crests and troughs are aligned. Voila, waves acting in resonance with each other to pump up the original signal.While they'd been predicted in 1952, Schumann resonances were first measured reliably in the early 1960s. Since then, scientists have discovered that variations in the resonances correspond to changes in the seasons, solar activity, activity in Earth's magnetic environment, in water aerosols in the atmosphere, and other Earth-bound phenomena. || ",
            "release_date": "2012-01-11T14:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:53:20.139651-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 480077,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010800/a010891/SchumannAnim_00759.jpg",
                "filename": "SchumannAnim_00759.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Animation of Schumann resonance in Earth's atmosphere.",
                "width": 1280,
                "height": 720,
                "pixels": 921600
            }
        }
    ],
    "sources": [],
    "products": [],
    "newer_versions": [],
    "older_versions": [],
    "alternate_versions": []
}