Universe  ID: 11086

Simulations Uncover 'Flashy' Secrets of Merging Black Holes

According to Einstein, whenever massive objects interact, they produce gravitational waves — distortions in the very fabric of space and time — that ripple outward across the universe at the speed of light. While astronomers have found indirect evidence of these disturbances, the waves have so far eluded direct detection. Ground-based observatories designed to find them are on the verge of achieving greater sensitivities, and many scientists think that this discovery is just a few years away.

Catching gravitational waves from some of the strongest sources — colliding black holes with millions of times the sun's mass — will take a little longer. These waves undulate so slowly that they won't be detectable by ground-based facilities. Instead, scientists will need much larger space-based instruments, such as the proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, which was endorsed as a high-priority future project by the astronomical community.

A team that includes astrophysicists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., is looking forward to that day by using computational models to explore the mergers of supersized black holes. Their most recent work investigates what kind of "flash" might be seen by telescopes when astronomers ultimately find gravitational signals from such an event.

To explore the problem, a team led by Bruno Giacomazzo at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and including Baker developed computer simulations that for the first time show what happens in the magnetized gas (also called a plasma) in the last stages of a black hole merger.

In the turbulent environment near the merging black holes, the magnetic field intensifies as it becomes twisted and compressed. The team suggests that running the simulation for additional orbits would result in even greater amplification.

The most interesting outcome of the magnetic simulation is the development of a funnel-like structure — a cleared-out zone that extends up out of the accretion disk near the merged black hole.

The most important aspect of the study is the brightness of the merger's flash. The team finds that the magnetic model produces beamed emission that is some 10,000 times brighter than those seen in previous studies, which took the simplifying step of ignoring plasma effects in the merging disks.

 

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For More Information

http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/black-hole-secrets.html


Credits

Philip Cowperthwaite (University of Maryland): Lead Animator
Bruno Giacomazzo (University of Colorado Boulder): Animator
Scott Wiessinger (USRA): Animator
Christopher E. Henze (NASA/ARC): Animator
Scott Wiessinger (USRA): Video Editor
Scott Wiessinger (USRA): Producer
Bruno Giacomazzo (University of Colorado Boulder): Scientist
Francis Reddy (Syneren Technologies): Writer
Please give credit for this item to:
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. However, individual images should be credited as indicated above.

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This item is part of this series:
Narrated Movies

Goddard TV Tape:
G2012-082 -- Black Hole Merger Simulation

Keywords:
SVS >> HDTV
SVS >> Magnetic Fields
SVS >> Music
SVS >> Simulation
SVS >> Black Hole
SVS >> Astrophysics
SVS >> Edited Feature
SVS >> Space
SVS >> Supercomputer
NASA Science >> Universe