Earth  ID: 10901

Temperature Rising

Story by Patrick Lynch | Visualizations by Lori Perkins Released on February 2, 2012
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Human influence on global temperature continued in 2011 (seen here). NASA scientists said the year was the ninth warmest on record.
Even with the complexities of climate change, scientists still take the planet's pulse with a basic benchmark measurement—temperature. The world has experienced nine of the 10 warmest years on record since 2000. And in 2011, the ninth warmest year since 1880, the average temperature was nearly a full degree warmer (0.92 Fahrenheit) than the 1951-1980 average, which is used as a baseline for comparison. Scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies compute Earth's long-term temperature trend by analyzing readings from thousands of ground-based weather stations and sea surface temperature data from ships and satellites. Earth's long-term warming trend remains driven primarily by an unprecedented increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, created largely by increased fossil fuel burning for generating electricity and powering cars. That rate of increase has overwhelmed the prior, slow pace of atmospheric changes between geologic eras. Watch in the visualization below how temperatures across the globe have crept upward since the late 19th century.
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Global temperature is one of the basic measuring sticks of climate change. The planet is now warming by about 0.36 degrees Fahrenheit per decade.
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The world was a cooler place in 1951, the first year of a 30-year baseline period used in the NASA temperature record.
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The 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption in the Phillipines released so much sunlight-reflecting ash that the warming trend briefly slowed in the mid-1990s.
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But by 1998, the strongest El Nino of the century drove global temperatures to a new record high.
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The years 2010 and 2005 remain tied for the hottest years, but they are only about 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than 2011, the ninth warmest year.
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The colors represent how much the first and last years in the NASA record depart from the average temperature between 1951 and 1980.
 

Related Story

Data Gazing

For More Information

NASA.gov

Story Credits

Lead Visualizer/Animator:
Lori Perkins (NASA/GSFC)

Narrator:
Patrick Lynch (Wyle Information Systems)

Producer:
Kayvon Sharghi (USRA)

Lead Scientists:
James Hansen Ph.D. (NASA/GSFC GISS)
Reto A. Ruedy Ph.D. (SIGMA Space Partners, LLC.)
Makiko Sato Ph.D. (Columbia University, Center for Climate Systems Research)

Lead Writer:
Patrick Lynch (Wyle Information Systems)

Please give credit for this item to:
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Short URL to share this page:
https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10901

Keywords:
DLESE >> Narrated
SVS >> App
NASA Science >> Earth