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"description": "On an ordinary day, the insolation – the amount of sunlight hitting a given spot on the Earth – is proportional to the sine of the Sun's altitude. When the Sun is 30° above the horizon, the sunlight energy per square meter is half of what it is when the Sun is directly overhead. This relationship is the reason that the tropics are hot and the poles are cold. Combined with day length, it's also the reason for the difference in temperature between the seasons at temperate latitudes.
As this animation shows, the Moon's shadow dramatically, if temporarily, affects insolation in North America during the total solar eclipse of April 8, 2024. The effect is readily apparent to observers in the path of totality. As the umbra passes overhead, the temperature can drop by 10°F or more. The cooled column of air within the shadow cone can even influence cloud formation and the speed and direction of the wind.
The insolation map in the animation combines solar altitude with obscuration, the fraction of the Sun's area blocked by the Moon during the eclipse. It ignores a number of other factors, including atmospheric scattering, refraction, and cloud cover, that also play a big role in the amount of sunlight that reaches the ground.",
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"description": "A map-like view of the Earth shows insolation (sunlight intensity) over land during the April 8, 2024 total solar eclipse. This equirectangular projection is suitable for spherical displays and for spherical mapping in 3D animation software.",
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"alt_text": "A map-like view of the Earth shows insolation (sunlight intensity) over land during the April 8, 2024 total solar eclipse. This equirectangular projection is suitable for spherical displays and for spherical mapping in 3D animation software.",
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"description": "The color key for the insolation map.",
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"alt_text": "The color key for the insolation map.",
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"description": "The obscuration dataset used to calculate insolation. Obscuration, the fraction of the Sun's area covered by the Moon, is calculated at 10-second intervals from 15:42:10 to 20:52:20 UTC at a resolution of 360/8192 degrees per pixel (roughly 3.75 × 4.9 km at 40°N). The maps are global equirectangular projections centered on (0°, 0°), with white = 100% obscuration and black = 0%. The sharp borders are the terminator (the day-night line). The complete dataset can be downloaded as a single .zip file (194 MB).",
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"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Flying Around The 2024 Eclipse Shadow",
"description": "The virtual camera flies from the night side of the Earth and Moon to the day side, revealing the path of the Moon's shadow during the April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse. Includes narration by the visualizer.Music provided by Universal Production Music: “ Bright Determination” – Julien VonarbThis video can also be viewed on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || flyaround.0900.n_print.jpg (1024x576) [196.9 KB] || eclipse24_flyaround_narrated.mp4 (1920x1080) [85.2 MB] || eclipse24_flyaround_narrated_prores.mov (1920x1080) [626.7 MB] || eclipse24_flyaround_narrated.webm (1920x1080) [6.2 MB] || eclipse24_flyaround_captions.en-US.en_US.srt [1.2 KB] || eclipse24_flyaround_captions.en-US.en_US.vtt [1.1 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2023-11-13T08:00:00-05:00",
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"alt_text": "The virtual camera flies from the night side of the Earth and Moon to the day side, revealing the path of the Moon's shadow during the April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse.",
"width": 1024,
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{
"id": 4466,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4466/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Insolation during the 2017 Eclipse",
"description": "Insolation (the amount of sunlight reaching the ground) is affected dramatically by the Moon's shadow during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. || usa_insol.0720_print.jpg (1024x576) [123.2 KB] || usa_insol.0720_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.0 KB] || usa_insol.0720_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || usa_insol_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [17.6 MB] || usa_insol_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [9.1 MB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || usa_insol_720p30.webm (1280x720) [4.8 MB] || usa_insol_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [53.2 MB] || usa_insol_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [3.1 MB] || frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/ (3840x2160) [64.0 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2016-05-23T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2024-03-26T12:08:42.647732-04:00",
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"alt_text": "Insolation (the amount of sunlight reaching the ground) is affected dramatically by the Moon's shadow during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse.",
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